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英国文学史课文-希腊古瓮颂

2024-07-24 来源:飒榕旅游知识分享网
Ode on a Grecian Urn

by John Keats

Thou still unravished bride of quietness,

Thou foster child of silence and slow time, 你委身“寂静”的、完美的处子, Sylvan historian, who canst thus express 受过了“沉默”和“悠久”的抚育, A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme: 呵,田园的史家,你竟能铺叙 What leaf-fringed legend haunts about thy

一个如花的故事,比诗还瑰丽: shape

在你的形体上,岂非缭绕着 Of deities or mortals, or of both,

古老的传说,以绿叶为其边缘; In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?

讲着人,或神,敦陂或阿卡狄? What men or gods are these? What maidens 呵,是怎样的人,或神!在舞乐前 loath?

多热烈的追求!少女怎样地逃躲! What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape? 怎样的风笛和鼓谣!怎样的狂喜!

What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?

Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard

Are sweeter; therefore, ye soft pipes, play on; 听见的乐声虽好,但若听不见

Not to the sensual ear, but, more endeared, 却更美;所以,吹吧,柔情的风笛; Pipe to the spirit dities of no tone.

不是奏给耳朵听,而是更甜, Fair youth, beneath the trees, thou canst not 它给灵魂奏出无声的乐曲;

leave

树下的美少年呵,你无法中断 Thy song, nor ever can those trees be bare; 你的歌,那树木也落不了叶子;

Bold Lover, never, never canst thou kiss, 卤莽的恋人,你永远、永远吻不上, Though winning near the goal---yet, do not 虽然够接近了--但不必心酸; grieve;

她不会老,虽然你不能如愿以偿, She cannot fade, though thou hast not thy bliss 你将永远爱下去,她也永远秀丽! Forever wilt thou love, and she be fair!

Ah, happy, happy boughs! that cannot shed 呵,幸福的树木!你的枝叶 Your leaves, nor ever bid the Spring adieu; 不会剥落,从不曾离开春天; And, happy melodist, unweari-ed, 幸福的吹笛人也不会停歇, Forever piping songs forever new;

他的歌曲永远是那么新鲜; More happy love! more happy, happy love! 呵,更为幸福的、幸福的爱! Forever warm and still to be enjoyed, 永远热烈,正等待情人宴飨, Forever panting, and forever young; 永远热情地心跳,永远年轻; All breathing human passion far above, 幸福的是这一切超凡的情态: That leaves a heart high-sorrowful and cloyed, 它不会使心灵餍足和悲伤,

A burning forehead, and a parching tongue.

没有炽热的头脑,焦渴的嘴唇。

Who are these coming to the sacrifice? 这些人是谁呵,都去赶祭祀? To what green altar, O mysterious priest, 这作牺牲的小牛,对天鸣叫, Lead'st thou that heifer lowing at the skies, 你要牵它到哪儿,神秘的祭司? And all her silken flanks with garlands dressed? 花环缀满着它光滑的身腰。

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What little town by river or sea shore, 是从哪个傍河傍海的小镇, Or mountain-built with peaceful citadel, 或哪个静静的堡寨山村,

s emptied of this folk, this pious morn? 来了这些人,在这敬神的清早? And, little town, thy streets for evermore 呵,小镇,你的街道永远恬静; Will silent be; and not a soul to tell 再也不可能回来一个灵魂 Why thou art desolate, can e'er return. 告诉人你何以是这么寂寥。

O Attic shape! Fair attitude! with brede Of marble men and maidens overwrought, With forest branches and the trodden weed; Thou, silent form, dost tease us out of thought As doth eternity. Cold Pastoral!

When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st,

哦,希腊的形状!唯美的观照! 上面缀有石雕的男人和女人, 还有林木,和践踏过的青草; 沉默的形体呵,你象是“永恒” 使人超越思想:呵,冰冷的牧歌! 等暮年使这一世代都凋落, 只有你如旧;在另外的一些 忧伤中,你会抚慰后人说:

“美即是真,真即是美,”这就包括 \"Beauty is truth, truth beauty\"---that is all

你们所知道、和该知道的一切。 Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

美是济慈的毕生追求,《希腊古瓮颂》是诗人对美的颂歌。诗歌通过诗人对古瓮观感以及与古瓮的对话,得出了“美即是真,真即是美”的结论。济慈的这句名言向来颇有争议,很值得我们思考。在这首诗中,古瓮之美不仅仅在于“优美”和“美妙”:三幅画面中既有人/神狂欢和少年求爱的美好画面,也有小镇倾城献祭的凄凉街景。诗中的美是艺术之美。作为艺术品,这首诗和古瓮是美的,这美源自有悲也有乐的生活,这便是真。生活的本真是艺术美的源泉,艺术之美则使生活的本真得以永存。这句话也可看作诗人一生的写照。济慈出生寒微,在创作过程中不断受到死亡的威胁,但他以短暂的生命创作出大批具有强烈美感的名篇佳作。他的艺术成就是他在生活之真中追求美的结果,他所创造出来的艺术美则使他的一生不朽于世。

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