I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese. (50 Points)
A superstition is a belief people hold which is not based on reason. There is no logic to superstitions. These beliefs often go against the laws of nature as we know them. People who have superstitions, or who are superstitious, believe that they can either bring themselves good luck or avoid bad luck or disasters by acting in certain ways. An example of this involves salt. When some people spill salt, they immediately take some of it and throw it over their left shoulder. In this way, they feel they will avoid bad luck.
Why do people believe in superstitions? How did they begin to think that they could control their luck?
People in ancient times believed that the gods controlled their lives and all of nature. They tried to keep their gods happy by giving them gifts. When there were natural disasters, people thought that the gods were angry with them, so they tried to make the gods happy again.
Many superstitions have been held by people for centuries. Yet there is little need for them today, since people in most parts of the world don’t believe that there are a lot of gods.
We no longer try to make the gods happy with gifts or to keep them from anger with certain actions. Somehow, however, many of the actions continue in modern times. We still have our superstitions.
In ancient times, people thought their gods lived on the tops of mountains. They therefore believed that anything above them was nearer to their gods than they. Naturally, they thought that birds were messengers from the gods. People also believed that birds carried their souls to the gods when they died.
II. Translate the Following Passage into English. (50 Points)
小时候我害怕狗。记得有一回在新年里，我到伯父家去玩。在他那个花园内，一条大黑狗追赶我，跑过几块花圃。后来我上了楼，才躲过了一场灾难，并没有让狗嘴咬坏了我的腿。
以后见着狗，我总是逃，它也总是追；而且屡屡望着我的影子狺狺狂吠。我愈怕，狗愈凶。
怕狗成了我的一种病。
我渐渐地长大起来。有一天不知道因为什么，我忽然觉得怕狗是很可耻的事情。看见狗我便站住，不再逃避。
我站住，狗也就站住。它望着我狂吠，它张大嘴，它做出要扑过来的样子。但是它并不朝着我前进一步。
它用怒目看着我，我便也用怒目看着它。它始终保持着我和它中间的距离。 这样地过了一阵子，我便转身走了。狗立刻追上来。
我回过头。狗马上站住了。它望着我恶叫，却不敢朝我扑过来。
参考译文 英译汉
1迷信是人们持有的在道理上没有根据的一种信念，毫无逻辑可言。2正如我○（3分）○
3迷信的人们认为，以一定的方式行事，们所知，这些信念经常是违背自然规律的。（3分）○
4一个与盐有关的行为可以作为例子，便能给自己带来好运，或能避开厄运和灾难。（3分）○
5如果有些人把盐弄撒了，就会马上抓些盐扔过左肩。6这样一来，他们觉（2分）○（2分）○
得就能摆脱厄运了。（2分）
7人们为什么相信迷信呢？（1分）○8他们怎么开始认为能掌握自己的命运的呢？（2○分）
9古代的人相信是神灵掌握着他们的生命和自然界的一切。10他们给神灵上贡，○（3分）○
11每当遇到自然灾害时，人们认为那是神灵生他们的气了，力图让神灵保持高兴。（2分）○
于是便设法使神灵再高兴起来。这就是，我们认为以某种方式行事就能够影响自己命运这一念头的由来。（5分）
12许多迷信观念已经被人们奉行好多个世纪了。13但现在却不需要它们了，因○（2分）○为在世界上大多数地方，人们都不相信有神灵了。（3分）
14我们不再以奉献贡品来取悦神灵或以某种行为请神灵不发怒（3分）15然而，由于○。○
16我们仍然迷信。某种原因，时至今日，许多迷信活动仍在继续，（3分）○（1分）
17在古代，人们认为他们的神灵住在山顶。18因此他们相信任何高于他们的东○（2分）○
19他们自然会认为鸟是来自神灵的信使。20人们还西都比他们离神灵更近。（3分）○（2分）○
相信，死后鸟会把他们的灵魂带到神灵那里去。（3分）
汉译英
1I used to be afraid of dogs when I was a child.（3分） ○2One day during the ○
lunar new year, I remember, I happened to be chased after by a big black dog while I
3Fortunately, after running was playing about in the garden of Uncle’s home.（5分） ○
past several flower beds, I gave him the slip by rushing upstairs in a building, thus avoiding the mishap of having my legs bitten by the fierce animal.（5分）
4From then on, I always played the fugitive while the dog the pursuer. （3分）○
5He would bark furiously at the sight of me. （3分）○6And the more scared I was, ○
the fiercer he became.（3分）
7I developed a canine phobia.（2分） ○
8As I was growing up, one day it suddenly downed on me somehow that it was ○
9Hence instead of shying away in fear, I stood shameful to be afraid of a dog. （3分）○
confronting him.（3分）
10I stood firm and so did he. （2分）○11He barked angrily with his mouth wide ○
12But, nevertheless, he never moved a open as if he were about to run at me. （3分）○
single step towards me. （3分）
13He glowered at me, and so did I at him. 14But he always kept the same ○（2分）○distance between us.（3分）
15After a time, the minute my back was turned he immediately followed in ○
pursuit.（3分）
16However, as I looked back he stopped right away and stood barking at me ○
savagely, but dare not attack me.（4分）
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