1.编制依据及原则········································································································································· 3 1.1.编制依据 ······································································································································ 3 1.2.编制原则 ······································································································································ 3 2.工程概述 ····················································································································································· 3 2.1.工程概况 ······································································································································ 3 2.2.气象 ·············································································································································· 3 2.3.水文 ·············································································································································· 4 2.4.地质 ·············································································································································· 4 2.5工期安排 ······································································································································· 4 3.深基坑承台开挖支护施工方案 ··············································································································· 4 3.1深基坑承台开挖支护方案 ············································································································ 4 3.2.深基坑承台开挖支护施工工艺流程图 ······················································································ 5 3.3.1准备工作 ··································································································································· 6 3.3.2探沟开挖 ··································································································································· 6 3.3.3钢板桩支护施工 ······················································································································· 7 4. 质量方针目标及保障措施 ··················································································· 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.质量方针 ···································································································· 错误！未定义书签。 4.2.质量目标4.3.保证措施
···································································································· 错误！未定义书签。 ···································································································· 错误！未定义书签。
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4.3.1.质量保证体系及组织机构4.3.2.质量保证措施
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5.安全目标、安全保证体系及措施
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5.1安全目标
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····················································································· 错误！未定义书签。 ···················································································· 错误！未定义书签。
5.2安全生产保证体系
5.2.1.安全组织机构5.2.2安全管理工作
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6.文明施工保证措施 ···································································································································· 8 6.1.施工场地美化 ······························································································································ 8
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6.2.生活和环境卫生 ·························································································································· 9 6.3.现场文明气氛 ······························································································································ 9
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1.编制依据及原则
1.1.编制依据
1.1.1.铁道部铁建设[2005]160号文《客运专线铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收暂行标准》；
1.1.2.《客运专线铁路桥涵工程施工技术指南》TZ213-2005； 1.1.3.杭长铁路客运专线相关工程设计的相关图纸； 1.1.4.现场勘测调查资料； 1.2.编制原则
1.2.1.全面、充分响应施工合同，严格执行技术规范。 1.2.2.实事求是，施工方案力求经济、适用、可行。
1.2.3.采用项目法组织施工，推行标准化管理工程，做到安全、优质、文明、高效。
2.工程概述
2.1.工程概况
跨环城东路特大桥, 桥长:1984.61m起点里程DK157+616.380，终点里程DK159+600.990,基础采用钻孔灌注桩或扩大基础。其中54#（DK159+398.000）承台开挖属于深基坑开挖，且既有的便道两侧埋有各种管线、排污、消防管道，在开挖之前必须挖探沟探明管线位置，影响施工的需做改移或防护，整个施工过程中应连续进行，合理安排工序。承台尺寸和开挖深度统计见下表。
表2.1-1承台尺寸和开挖深度统计表
墩号 54 里程 承台尺寸（m） 承台底标高（m） 41.132 地面标高开挖深（m） 度（m） 48.288 7.156 DK159+398.000 5.1×10.2×2 2.2.气象
本段线路气候全部属亚热带湿润气候，温暖湿润，雨量充沛，日照充足，无霜期长，冰冻期短，春雨、梅雨比较明显，年均气温16～
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18℃，呈南高北低分布，夏季平均气温33.8℃，冬季平均气温3.6℃，极端最高气温39.8℃～42.9℃，极端最低气温-7.1℃～-15.0℃，年日照时数1912小时，年均降雨量1449毫米，年平均相对湿度76％～81％，无霜期199天～328天。最大降雨量192.5mm，最大风速20m/s，平均风速3m/s，最大积雪20cm。 2.3.水文
浙江境内为富春江、钱塘江水系，地表水较发育，但地下水不发育，位于第四季黏层土中，主要受大气及地表水补给。 2.4.地质
桥址区土层按其成因分类主要有：
(1)0：素填土，稍湿，II；(2)1-3：粉质黏土，可塑，II,σ=120kpa;(2)1-4：粉质黏土，硬塑，II，σ=150kpa；（2）7-1细圆砾土、松散~稍密， II，σ=250kpa；（4）1-3：粉质黏土，可塑，II，σ=160kpa ；(7)2-1：泥质砂岩，W4，III,σ=200kpa；(7)2-2：泥质砂岩，W3，IV，σ=300kpa; (7)2-3：泥质砂岩，W2，IV，σ=400kpa。 2.5工期安排
计划工期为60天，即2011年3月10日至2011年5月10日完工。
3.深基坑承台开挖支护施工方案
综合考虑54#墩地质情况，承台距离既有混凝土路面太近，开挖深度最深达7.156m，并从施工安全、节约成本、缩短工期出发，根据设计地质情况及部分试打钢板桩情况54#墩承台深基坑开挖支护拟采用先开挖探沟后抗滑桩施工。采用抗滑桩现将抗滑桩防护施工方案概述如下（按照54#墩承台设计）： 3.1深基坑承台开挖支护方案
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54#墩平面图
3.1-1承台基坑开挖支护剖面图
54#墩承台平面尺寸长为10.2m、宽为5.1m、开挖深度为7.156m，靠既有路面一侧抗滑桩长设计为15m，入土深度7m，承台底至抗滑桩顶7.7m。基坑开挖采用抗滑桩，抗滑桩伸出地面0.5米高以防止汽车冲入基坑，抗滑桩施工过程中必须严格控制标高，抗滑桩必须挖到图纸设计的深度。
3.2.深基坑承台开挖支护施工工艺流程图
施工工艺流程图见3.2-1图。
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图3.2-1承台基坑开挖支护施工工艺流程图
承台基坑采用人工开挖探沟确定各种管线位置并对管线采取改移措施，基坑开挖采用抗滑桩长进行防护，人工配合挖掘机开挖、人工清底、凿除桩头。 3.3.1准备工作 3.3.2探沟开挖
根据所放承台边线首先采用人工开挖探沟的方法确定既有管道线的具体位置，探沟在承台尺寸外扩2m处开挖，探沟截面为梯形，探沟开挖深度为从原地面往下2m，上口宽2.5m，下口宽0.5m，坡度为1：0.5，具体尺寸见图3.3.2-1。
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图3.3.2-1探沟开挖施工布置图
探沟要人工开挖，开挖时要轻挖，若发现埋有管线、管道时及时与现场负责人联系，并注意保护不得擅自处理，施工过程中禁止掏空管线下方的泥土架空管线，防止管线因自重变形而折断。若条件不足不得不掏空管线下方的泥土时候，必须在管线下方支撑方木或型钢，并及时取得技术员的许可，不得擅自操作！若开挖到1.2m深度无发现任何管线、管道，经现场负责人同意后及时回填。挖土时要注意土坡的稳定性，发现有裂缝或倾坍的可能时，人员要立即离开并及时处理。进行人工钎土时，不准在机械回转半径下工作，前后操作人员间距应不小于2～3m，堆土要在1m以外，并且高度不得超过1.5m。 探沟两侧要设置防止地面水流入基坑的拦水坎，并在交叉处各挖一个集水井，方便抽水；若遇到雨天，探沟开挖至一半要将其用蓬布或木板覆盖，防止雨水流入探沟。挖出的土方距离探沟边缘不小于2m，防止因探沟边缘堆积土方过多、承载过重造成土壁塌方。
探沟施工严格按照图纸基坑尺寸进行施工，四周须按临边防护设置防护栏杆、防护网和危险源标示牌。
基坑开挖前应将基坑周围的所有堆载卸除，并避免所有可能出现的动载。
3.3.3抗滑桩支护施工
(1)采用跳桩法开挖支护桩；安全设备配备齐全。挖出的土随挖随运，严禁在孔口堆积。
(2)孔口四周设置围栏，夜间施工备有充足的照明设备。 (3)安排专职安全员进行防护，发现来车及时通知孔内人员停止作业，必要时孔内人员上到地面安全位置。
(4)下雨时应在孔口上方搭设雨棚，孔口周围做好防排水措施，防止雨水进入孔内影响营业线边坡稳定；遇到大雨或暴雨天气，暂停
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施工并在孔口加盖牢固雨布。
(5)每开挖1m深度后及时进行护壁施工，做到边开挖边支护，防止孔壁坍塌。
4.安全及质量保证措施
4.1.做好施工现场清理布置工作，施工现场应有安全标识，夜间设灯示警，场地狭小和运输繁忙的地段应设临时交通指挥人员； 4.2.对施工方案和技术交底组织施工人员进行学习，使每个参加施工的人员知道施工的全部过程和施工顺序，明确各个人员工作职责； 4.3建立健全管理机构，浇筑时设立专职安全检查员值班检查； 4.4.所有施工人员严禁酒后操作，严禁作业人员超时工作，严禁带病坚持施工；
4.5.夜间作业时，机械应有足够的照明设备，作业场地应有辅助照明设备，工作视线不清时不得作业；
4.6.所有施工现场应设置防护牌，防护员应持证上岗，进入施工现场的人员必须戴好安全帽，并应按规定佩带劳动保护用品和安全带等安全用；
4.7起吊作.业时必须有专人指挥，必须坚持“九不吊、七禁止”安全起吊作业操作规程；
4.8.对机械设备在运转中应勤加检查，及时维收，保证正常运转； 4.9.严格交接班制度，防止因交接混乱而发生错误，造成安全及质量事故；
4.10. 为了加强施工过程中作业班组的安全责任意识，应对个每个分
部工程及每个作业班组下发安全专业技术交底；4.11.基坑内外施工沟通信息明确；
4.12.施工时须穿行将军路，施工人员必须注意安全。
5.文明施工保证措施
5.1.施工场地美化
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5.1.1.按批准的施工组织设计平面布置图，修建生产设施，合理布局，“七牌一图”到位，形象宣传上墙，施工现场四周设置排水沟，及时完成“三通一平”，创造良好的施工环境，建设文明工地。 5.1.2.施工现场内加工场地、材料堆放场地、机械停放场地采用砼硬化，地坪硬化质量符合有关规定。水电管线按照规范架设，生产、生活区分开布置。
5.1.3.施工现场悬挂“七牌一图”即：工程概况牌、安全纪律牌、安全记录牌、文明施工制度牌和施工平面图。“七牌一图”齐全、美观、整齐，按照规定的材料、式样、颜色、内容等标准格式统一加工制作。 5.1.4.严格按照施工组织设计平面布置图划定的位置堆放成品、半成品及原材料，所有材料堆放整齐，并应悬挂标识牌。 5.2.环境卫生
制定环境卫生管理制度，搞好将军路两侧卫生，临时便道经常洒水湿润，减少道路扬尘，基坑降水的排放要经过沉淀池处理后排入城市下水管道。 5.3.现场文明气氛
施工临时用地内经常性开展多种形式的宣传活动，张贴宣传标语。所有施工人员都应穿戴整齐，行为文明，胸前佩戴工作证，标明姓名、职务、身份及编号。
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