Unit 1 Women of achievement
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
(2018·安徽合肥教学质量检测)
Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue.
Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.
At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.
After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision. It was not until 1920 that the U．S. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.
Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。
1．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born? A．They had low social status.
B．They could vote after getting married. C．They managed money for their husbands. D．They were responsible for decisionmaking.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At that time, women had few rights...Women could not vote”．可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Susan’s teaching experiences. B．Susan’s educational background. C．Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery. D．Susan’s fighting for women’s causes.
D 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A．Promoting the social movement. B．Changing the U．S. Constitution. C．Giving women voting rights. D．Uniting other areas and states.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。
4．What may be the best title for the text? A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins B．The Problem of Women’s Rights in the U．S. C．The Most Popular Women Organizations D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women’s Rights
D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2018·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试)Many people would love to leave their jobs behind and have a lifechanging adventure overseas.They imagine lying under palm trees as the sun goes down.However，life overseas is not always easy，and many are not prepared for the shock of living in an alien culture.
The honeymoon period
At first，for those who actually decide to move abroad，life is an exciting adventure.They enjoy exploring their new surroundings，and life seems like an extended holiday.They don’t mind trying the local cuisine and discovering the local culture.They can even afford to practise their foreignlanguage skills without fear of making mistakes.
Trouble in paradise
In many cases，when people consider moving to another country，they often fail to realize how different life will be.As time goes by，they become frustrated when language and cultural misunderstandings become a daily headache.In this stage，the visitors begin to withdraw from life in the host country and avoid spending time with local people in favour of mixing with others from their own cultural background.
The road to recovery
Gradually，most visitors realize they must accept the differences and not fight against them.This change encourages them to improve their language skills and slowly they manage to do the things they could easily do at home，such as opening a bank account.This newfound confidence enables them to see a side of life which very few tourists get to witness.
Adjusting to life abroad can often be a real problem.The secret to overcome it is to stop trying to change your host country. If not，you risk losing your dream and having to return to the old life you wanted to leave behind.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。许多人因为喜欢冒险和探索，所以移居国外生活，但文化的差异和语言的不同又使得他们很沮丧，因此作者建议移居国外的人最好能够学好当地语言
以适应当地生活。
5．Why do people moving abroad feel excited at first? A．They find foreign living much easier. B．They have the necessary language skills. C．They love the adventure and exploration.
D．They enjoy meeting people from different cultures.
C 解析：细节理解题。该题问的是移居海外的人最初感到兴奋的原因。根据The honeymoon period部分第一、二句可知，因为他们喜欢冒险和探索，所以会感到兴奋。故选C。
6．According to the author，what is the main problem many people moving abroad face? A．Homesickness. C．Health problems.
B．Culture shock. D．Lack of employment.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据Trouble in paradise部分第二句以及联系本段内容可知，许多移居海外的人面临的主要问题是文化冲击。故选B。
7．What would the author suggest people moving abroad do? A．Study the local language. B．Go on holidays frequently. C．Learn how to open a bank account. D．Seek out people from their home country.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据The road to recovery部分第二句以及最后一段可知， 作者建议移居海外的人学习当地的语言，这样才能够适应海外的生活。故选A。
Ⅱ 完形填空
(2018·南昌十校模拟)When I was young, like you, I had a dream.But my dream wasn’t like that of an 1 kid.It was to be the best tennis player 2 simply the best “female” one in the world.
3 ， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream.I learned how important it is to 4 a dream and to dream big.My fight began when I was three and I haven’t taken a 5 since.
But too often, most women are not supported or are 6 from choosing their path.I hope it could be changed.For me, it was a 7 of resilience(坚忍)．What others marked as 8 about me—my race, my gender—I accepted as fuel for my success.I never let anything or anyone 9 me.I controlled my future.
When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me 10 I know firsthand that gender differences exist.I would 11 want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work.Women have to 12 many barriers to success.One is that we are constantly 13 we are not men.People call me one of the “world’s greatest female athletes”．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes? We should never let this go 14 ．We should be judged by our achievements but not 15 ．
For everything I have achieved，I am 16 to have experienced the highs and lows that come 17 success.I hope my story will be a(n) 18 for women to fight for their dreams.We must 19 to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be 20 in their pursuit.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别平等而不懈努力。
1．A.ambitious
B．excellent
C．average D．energetic
C 解析：根据“It was to be the best tennis player”以及下文内容尤其是“People call me...Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选average“普通的，一般的”。ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent“优秀的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。
2．A.instead of C．other than
B．regardless of D．more than
A 解析：结合本文主旨以及下文中的“People call me one of the ‘world’s greatest female athletes’．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。instead of “而不是”；regardless of “不管，不顾”；other than “除了”；more than“多于，超出”。
3．A.Hopefully C．Obviously
B．Fortunately D．Generally
B 解析：幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己梦想的家人。此处亦与下文中的“But too often, most women are not supported...”形成对比。hopefully “有希望地”；obviously “明显地”；generally “普遍地”。
4．A.make up C．care for
B．set up D．push for
D 解析：根据下文中的“My fight began when...” “fight for their dreams”可知，这里指作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。push for “为……而努力，力争”。make up “编造，构成”；set up “设立，建立”；care for“照顾”。
5．A.risk C．break 语境。
6．A.defended C．discouraged
B．excused D．dismissed B．leave D．chance
C 解析：作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此从未间断。break“暂停，中断”，符合
C 解析：但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己的道路。discourage“阻止，阻挠”，符合语境。defend “保卫，保护”；excuse “同意免除”；dismiss “去除，摒除”。
7．A.thought C．moment
B．question D．bonus
B 解析：作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”的问题(question)。thought “想法”；moment “时刻”；bonus “意外收获，奖金”。
8．A.disadvantages C．qualifications
B．concerns D．personalities
A 解析：根据下文中的“my race, my gender” “I accepted as fuel for my success” 可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern “担忧”；qualification “资格”；personality “个性”。
9．A.ignore C．comfort
B．attack D．limit
D 解析：根据下文中的 “I controlled my future.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人
来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit “限制”，符合语境。
10．A.although C．unless
B．because D．if
B 解析：当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的存在。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。
11．A.ever C．never 的少。never “从不，绝不”。
12．A.break down C．lay aside
B．take after D．put away B．even D．just
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比儿子
A 解析：为了获取成功，女性不得不打破许多障碍。break down “打破，消除”，符合语境。take after “追赶，跟踪”；lay aside “留存备用，把……放在一边”；put away “猛吃，积蓄，把……收起来”。
13．A.informed C．assured
B．reminded D．criticized
B 解析：其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。remind “提醒，使想起”，符合语境。inform “通知，告知”；assure “使确信”；criticize “批判”。
14．A.unchallenged C．uncompleted
B．unpunished D．uncontrolled
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。unchallenged “不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的”，符合语境。unpunished “未受惩罚的”；uncompleted “未完成的”；uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加约束的”。
15．A.appearance C．background
B．position D．gender
D 解析：对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。gender “性别”，符合语境。appearance “外貌”；position “职位”；background “出身背景，学历”。
16．A.superior C．indifferent
B．grateful D．preferable
B 解析：作者从心底里感谢经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。grateful “感激的，表示感谢的”，符合语境。superior “更好的，占优势的”；indifferent “不感兴趣的，漠不关心的”；preferable “更可取的，更合适的”。
17．A.with C．from
18．A.intention C．solution
B．through D．beyond B．inspiration D．expectation
A 解析：参见上题解析。with “和，随着”，符合语境。
B 解析：作者希望她的故事可以激励女性为她们的梦想而奋斗。inspiration “鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”，符合语境。intention “意图”；solution “解决方法”；expectation “期待”。
19．A.pause C．promise
B．agree D．continue
D 解析：女性必须继续心怀远大的理想，这样做的话，我们就给予下一代女性力量，给予她们追求成功的勇气。下文中的 “the next generation”是暗示。continue “继续”，符合
语境。
20．A.expert C．brave
B．enthusiastic D．learned
C 解析：参见上题解析。expert “内行的，经验丰富的”；enthusiastic “热情的”；brave “勇敢的”；learned “有学问的，博学的”。
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