高三英语二轮12个专题复习学案讲课讲稿

第一篇 基础巩固篇专题复习一 高中英语词汇词形转换总结

第一部分 词形转换总结

一、名词的复数形式构成： 1. 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数 (1) 加s, 如：cafes, giraffes (2) 去f, fe加ves, 如：

half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves

歌诀记忆：树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄；妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割

粮；架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf)；就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。这9个名词变复数时, 都要改f(e)为v, 再加es, 2. 以o结尾的名词, 变复数

(1) 加s, 如：photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos

(2) 加es, 如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes, Negro-Negroes hero-heroes

歌诀记忆：黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃芒果、西红柿(tomato)和马铃署

(potato). 除了这五个以o结尾的名词加es外, 其余的以o结尾的词加s. 3. 表示“国家”的名词变复数

Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen

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Russian-Russians Indian-Indians

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Canadian-Canadians American-Americans

歌诀记忆：中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变, 英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变, 其余s加后面。 4. 以复数形式出现的名词

goods货物 trousers/pants /jeans /shorts裤子 clothes衣服 glasses眼镜 5. 以s结尾, 仍为单数的名词

(1) maths, politics, physics等学科名词, 为不可数名词, 是单数。 (2) news是不可数名词。

(3) the United States, the United Nations应视为单数。

6. 由man和woman构成的合成名词, 两个构成部分都要变成复数 如：a man worker-two men workers(男工人)

a woman doctor-two women doctors(女医生) 7. 以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词, 变y为i再加es。例如： baby-babies, city-cities, story-stories, party-parties, lady-ladies, diary-diaries, century-centuries, copy-copies, 还有: country, company, factory, family, memory, enemy, hobby, dictionary, university 8. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es, 如：

class, bus, boss, class, glass, dress, box , fox, watch, speech, beach, church, sandwich, coach, match, inch, brush, dish, wish, fish 9. 其他不规则变化

man-men, woman-women, goose-geese, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, mouse-mice, fisherman-fishermen, policeman-policemen, chairman-chairmen, spaceman-spacemen, postman-postmen, salesman-salesmen, snowman-snowmen.

歌诀记忆：男人(man)女人(woman)a变e, 鹅(goose)足(foot)牙(tooth) oo变

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ee, 孩子(child)加上ren, 鱼(fish)鹿(deer) 绵羊(sheep)不用变。

[注]: fish指鱼的种类时, 要加上es构成其复数；当指鱼的条数时, 单复数同形；指鱼肉时, 为不可数名词。 二、代词 (人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的构成) 第一人称 人称 代词 主格 宾格 形容物主 代词 名词性 反身 代词 三、数词 (基数词、序数词、分数、百分数) myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves mine ours yours yours his/hers/its theirs 词性 my our your your his/her/its their me us you you him/her/it them I we you you he/she/it they 单数 复数 第二人称 单数 复数 第三人称 单数 复数 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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常考查的序数词: first, second, third, fifth, twelfth, eighth, ninth, twentieth, fortieth, ninetieth, twenty-first

基变序, 有规律, 末尾加上th; 一二三特殊记, 八加h, 九去e, ve 要用f 替; y结尾变ie, 后跟th 莫忘记; 若想表示几十几, 只变个位就可以。

四、形容词和副词 (原级、比较级、最高级) (1) 一般在词尾加er/est:

great-greater-greatest, young-younger-youngest, slow-slower-slowest (2) 以e结尾的词加r/st: nice-nicer-nicest, large-larger-largest 再如: huge, wise, wide, fine, late

(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y改i再加er/est: heavy-heavier-heaviest, funny-funnier-funniest,

easy-easier-easiest, early-earlier-earliest,

busy-busier-busiest,

再如: lucky, healthy, lazy, angry, happy, hungry

(4) 以一个读短音的元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾, 双写该辅音字母再加er/est:

big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest, fat-fatter-fattest, fit-fitter-fittest, wet-wetter-wettest, hot-hotter-hottest, 再如: mad, sad, glad

(5) 多音节词在其前加more/most:

careful-more careful-most careful, useful-more useful-most useful popular-more popular-most popular, slowly-more slowly-most slowly carelessly-more carelessly-most carelessly, politely-more politely-most politely (6) 不规则变化的词

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good/well-better-best ; bad/ill/badly-worse-worst many/much-more-most; little-less-least

old-older/elder-oldest(指年龄大小)/eldest(指长幼顺序) far-farther/further-farthest(指距离)/furthest(指程度)

五、动词：(原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词) 1. 第三人称单数：

(1)-s buys, stays, plays, enjoys, destroys, says, ties, lies, waits, shops, begins (2)-es brush, rush, push, fish, wish, wash, teach, watch, catch, match, search,

dress, miss, discuss, fix, relax, do, go

(3)去y加ies carry, hurry, worry, try, cry, dry(v.), fly, reply, copy, study, tidy (v) 2. 现在分词：

(1)-ing waiting, raining, happening, visiting, suffering, seeing

(2)去e加ing give, leave, have, lose, invite, close, admire, breathe, cause, prepare

(3)双写辅音字母加ing sit, hit, cut, put, chat, get, forget, shut, set, let, fit begin, plan, win, run, spin; nod, swim, dig, jog, step, clap, rob, rub,

kidnap, shop, drop, prefer, travel, quarrel, control (4) ie-ying die, lie, tie— dying, lying, tying 3. 过去式/过去分词 (规则变化)

(1)-ed enjoyed, destroyed, stayed, played, waited, rained, happened, visited, suffered

(2)e-d advise, ache, practice, arrive, believe, receive, refuse, share, continue, breathe, notice, manage, celebrate, change, score, communicate, dance, decide, describe, force, divide, encourage, hate, hope, move, waste, exercise, imagine, increase, cause, compare, care, complete, introduce, produce, provide, prove, promise, invite, praise, prepare

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(3)双写辅音字母加ed chat, fit, clap, stop, step, shop, drop, rub, rob, kidnap, jog, plan, nod, prefer, travel, quarrel, control

(4)去y 加 ied study, carry, hurry, worry, dry, try, cry, copy, reply, tidy(v.)

(5)动词不规则变化表（附后）

六 构词法： 1) v.变n.

①-men: treatment, movement, excitement, improvement, development,

agreement, advertisement, achievement, punishment, encouragement, judgement/judgment, argument(特殊变化)

②-ion: invention, collection, direction, action, attraction, suggestion,

discussion, connection, instruction, introduction

③去e加ion: educate, donate, celebrate, operate, communicate, graduate,

congratulate, create

④去e加ation: prepare, invite, organize, imagine, examine ⑤de变sion: decide-decision conclude-conclusion(结论)

⑥-ing: training, meaning, acting, building, meeting, greeting, feeling,

shaking, warning

⑦-or: director, actor, visitor, inventor

⑧-er: player, reader, leader, owner, worker, teacher, speaker, waiter,

supporter, farmer, reporter, driver, dancer, writer, producer, manager, winner, runner, swimmer, robber, kidnapper, shopper, traveller

⑨-ress: waitress, actress

⑩-ance: appearance, acceptance, performance

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⑪n. –ist: science- scientist, artist, tourist ⑫n.-er/r: prisoner, villager

⑬特殊变化: beg(乞讨)-beggar(乞丐) behave(行为举止)-behavior know(知道)-knowledge(知识) fly-flight (飞行)

heat (加热)-heat(热量) hit (撞击)-hit( 轰动一时的人或物) mix (混合)-mixture(混合物) press(按,压)-pressure(压力) sit(坐)-seat (座位)

succeed-success(成功)

tour-tour(旅游)/ tourist (游客)

2) adj.变n.

①-ness: illness, sickness, kindness, sadness,(un)happiness, business, ugliness ②-y/ty: difficulty, safety; able-ability ③-er/r: foreigner, stranger

④t变ce: different, silent, important, patient, confident

⑤-th: long-length, strong-strength, warmth, true-truth, wide-width,

deep-depth

3) n.变adj.

①-ous: dangerous, humorous, poisonous ②-ern: eastern, western, southern, northern

③-able: suitable, comfortable, fashionable, enjoyable , valuable ④-al: national, international, educational, traditional, musical, personal ⑤去e加al: natural, cultural, practical

⑥-y: lucky, healthy, sleepy, sporty, dirty, rainy, snowy, cloudy, windy, funny,

sunny, foggy

⑦ 去e加y: noise-noisy, taste-tasty, shine-shiny ⑧-ly: lovely, lively, friendly, lonely, daily, weekly

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⑨-ful: careful, useful, harmful, helpful, hopeful, meaningful, successful ⑩-less: careless, useless, harmless, meaningless, endless, homeless

⑪-n: American, Australian, Indian, Russian, Asian, African, European,

Canada-Canadian ⑫-en: wool(l)en, wooden, golden 4) v.变adj.

①-ed: surprised, amazed, bored, excited, tired, interested, frightened,

relaxed, satisfied, worried

②-ing: surprising, amazing, boring, exciting, tiring, interesting, frightening,

relaxing, satisfying, sleeping, living, coming, smiling

③-ive: active, attractive, detective, creative, imaginative ④a- : alive, asleep, awake 5) adj.变adv.

①-ly: quickly, quietly, sadly, slowly, carefully, hopefully, successfully,

excitedly

②le变为ly: gently, possibly, probably, (un)comfortably, terribly, simply ③去y 加ily: busy, happy, easy, lazy, heavy, crazy, (un)lucky, (un)healthy,

noisy, necessary

④去e加ly: true-truly 6) 前缀：

①dis- : v. dislike, disagree, disappear adj. dishonest

n. disadvantage

②im-: impossible, impatient, impolite

③in-: incorrect, incomplete(不完整的), inconvenient (不便利的), inactive

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④ir-: irregular

⑤un-: unable, unkind, unfriendly, unusual, uncommon, unlucky, unhealthy,

unwelcome, unfair, unnecessary, unpleasant , unimportant, unpopular, uncomfortable

附表：常用不规则动词表 1.AAA 动词原形 broadcast burst cost cut hurt hit let put read rid set spread spit shut 2.AAB 动词原形 beat 3.ABA 动词原形 become come run overcome 过去式 broadcast burst cost cut hurt hit let put read rid/ridded set spread spit/spat shut 过去分词 broadcast burst cost cut hurt hit let put read rid/ridded set spread spit/spat shut 现在分词 ~ ~ ~ cutting ~ hitting letting putting ~ ridding setting ~ spitting shutting 词义 广播.播放.播送 爆炸.突然发作 花费 割，切 受伤 打，撞 让 放下 读 使摆脱.使去掉 安排，安置 展开，传播，涂 吐痰, 关上.停止营业 过去式 beat 过去分词 beaten 现在分词 ~ 词义 打败 过去式 became came ran overcame 过去分词 become come run overcome 现在分词 becoming coming running overcoming 词义 变 来 跑 克服.战胜 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 4.ABB （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 形 燃烧 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned ~ 解决.处理. deal dealt dealt ~ 做梦 dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt ~ 听见.听说 hear heard heard ~ 绞死/悬挂 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung ~ 学习 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt ~ 点燃, 照亮 light lit/lighted lit/lighted ~ 意思.意味 mean meant meant ~ 证明, 证prove proved proven/proved proving 实,试验 使照耀，使shine shone shone shining 发光 展示, 给...show showed showed/shown ~ 看 闻, 嗅 smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt ~ 加速 speed sped/speeded sped/speeded ~ 拼写 spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt ~ 醒来，叫醒, wake waked/woke waked/woken waking 激发 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 建筑 build built built ~ 弯曲.屈服 bend bent bent ~ 借给 lend lent lent ~ 改建, 重建 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt ~ 送 send sent sent ~ 花费 spend spent spent ~ （3）原形→ought →ought 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 带来 bring brought brought ~ 买 buy bought bought ~ 打架.战斗 fight fought fought ~ <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 think seek thought sought thought sought ~ ~ 思考,想 寻找.追求. （4）原形→aught →aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 catch caught caught teach taught taught （5）变其中一个元音字母 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 awake awoke awoken dig dug dug feed fed fed flee fled fled find found found get got got/gotten hold held held lead led led meet met met sit sat sat shoot shot shot spit spit/spat spit/spat stick stuck stuck strike struck struck/stricken win won won （6）原形→-lt/pt/ft→-lt/pt/ft 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 feel felt felt keep kept kept leave left left sleep slept slept sweep swept swept weep wept wept （7）其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 lay laid laid <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

现在分词 ~ ~ 现在分词 awaking digging ~ ~ ~ getting ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ spitting ~ striking winning 词义 捉,抓 教.教授 词义 唤醒.唤起 挖掘.钻研. 喂养.饲养 逃避.逃跑. 发现，找到 得到 拥有.握住 引导,领导 遇见 坐 射击 吐痰, 刺入,粘住 撞击.冲击. 赢.获胜 现在分词 ~ ~ leaving ~ ~ ~ 词义 感到 保持 离开 睡觉 扫 哭泣.流泪. 现在分词 ~ 词义 下蛋, 放置 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 pay paid paid say said said stand stood stood understand understood understood lose lost lost have had had make made made sell sold sold tell told told retell retold retold wind wound wound 5.ABC （1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 blow blew blown drive drove driven draw drew drawn eat ate eaten fall fell fallen forbid forbad/forbade forbidden give gave given grow grew grown forgive forgave forgiven know knew known mistake overeat prove take throw ride see sew show shake write mistook overate proved took threw rode saw sewed showed shook wrote mistaken overeaten proven/proved taken thrown ridden seen sewed/sewn shown shaken written ~ ~ ~ ~ losing having making ~ ~ ~ ~ 付款 说.讲.表示 站 明白 失去 有.持有 制造.构成 卖 告诉 重复.复述 缠绕.迂回 现在分词 ~ driving ~ ~ ~ forbidding giving ~ forgiving ~ mistaking ~ proving taking ~ riding ~ ~ showing shaking writing 词义 吹风.喘气 驾驶 画画.拖拽 吃 落下.跌倒 禁止.不许 给.提供 生长.种植 原谅, 饶恕 知道 弄错; 误解, (使)吃过量 证明, 试验 拿.接受 抛.扔.掷 骑.乘车 看见. 缝制.缝合 展示 摇动.震动 写 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 （2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 打破.打碎 break broke broken ~ 选择 choose chose chosen choosing 得到 get got got/gotten getting 隐藏 hide hid hidden hiding 忘记.忽略 forget forgot forgotten forgetting 冷冻.结冰 freeze froze frozen freezing 说话.谈话 speak spoke spoken ~ 偷窃.偷盗 steal stole stolen ~ （3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词） 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 开始 begin began begun beginning 喝 drink drank drunk ~ 唱 sing sang sung ~ 下沉, 沉没 sink sank sunk ~ 游泳 swim swam swum swimming 戒指.环围住 ring rang rung ~ （4）其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词义 是 be(am,is,are) was/ were been ~ 负担, 忍受 bear bore born/borne ~ 做 do did done ~ 飞行 fly flew flown ~ 去 go went gone ~ lay（lied） lain（lied） 躺.位于（说谎） lie lying 穿 wear wore worn ~ 咬.刺痛 bite bit bitten biting 流泪.撕破.猛冲 tear tore torn ~ 注：“~”表示在动词原形后直接加ing

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第二部分 词形转换强化训练

一、 形容词  副词 adj. + ly  adv.

abrupt  __________ absolute  ___________ accurate  __________ active  ____________ actual ___________ adequate  __________ angry  _____________ automatic  __________ bare  ___________ basic  ______________close  ______________ comparative  _______ complete  ___________considerable  ________ definite  ___ _ deliberate  _________ dramatic  _______ easy  _____________ economic  __________entire  _____________ extreme  ________ gentle  ____________ heavy  _____________ necessary  __________ possible  ________ private  ___________ probable  __________ public  _____________safe  __________ separate  ___________ simple  ____________ steady  _____________ terrible  _________ true  ____________ whole  _____________ wide  ______________ full  ____________ careful  ____________ typical  ____________

二、名词  形容词 ① n. + ly  adj.

day  ___________ brother  ___________ friend  ___________ father  ___________ ② n. + ern  adj.

east  _________ south  ____________ west  ______________ north  ____________northeast  _________ northwest  _________ southeast  _________ southwest  _________ ③ n. + y  adj.

cloud  __________ rain  __________ snow  __________ water  ________ fur  ____________ health  ________ ice  ____________ mud  ________ hair  __________

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scare  ________ sleep  __________ sun  ________ ④n. + ful  adj.

beauty  __________ colour  __________ delight__________ doubt  __________

faith  __________ pain  __________ peace  __________ use  __________ ⑤ n. + less  adj.

end  __________ home  __________ penny  __________ wire  __________ ⑥ n. + al  adj.

act  __________ addition  __________ agriculture  __________

benefit  __________center  __________ coast  __________ digit  __________ environment  __________ fate  __________ finance  __________ globe  __________ medicine  __________ memory  __________ music  __________ nature  __________

office  __________ politics  __________ race  __________ region  __________ society  __________ spirit  __________ technique  ______ _theory  _____ technology  __________ tradition  __________universe  __________

三、动词  名词 ①v. + tion  n.

accuse __________adapt  ____________ add  ____________ adopt  ____________ apply  ___________ appreciate  _________ associate  ________assume  __________ combine  _________ compete  ___________ compose  _________ consider  __________ converse  ___________ declare  __________ describe  ___________ edit  ____________ examine  ___________expect  ____________ explain  ____________ explore  ____________ identify  ________ pronounce___________ imply __________ inspire  ___________ intend  ___________introduce  __________ invite  ____________ observe ___________ organize  ___________ prepare  ___________ produce ____________ recognize__________reduce  ____________ repeat  ___________ separate  _________ ②v. + sion  n.

admit  _________ conclude  _________ confuse  _________ decide  _________ depress  _________ discuss  _________ divide  _________ expand  _________ explode  _________ express  _________ extend  _________ impress  _________

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invade  _________ permit  _________ possess  _________

revise  _________ ③ v. + ment  n.

achieve  __________ agree  __________ amuse  __________ announce  _________argue  __________ arrange  __________ develop  __________ disappoint  _________employ  __________ encourage  __________ enjoy  __________ equip  __________ excite  __________ govern  __________ improve  __________ judge  __________ manage  __________ move  __________ punish  __________ settle  __________ acquire  __________ ④v. + al  n.

approve  __________ arrive  __________ bury  __________ propose  __________ refuse  __________ remove  __________ renew  __________ survive  __________ try  __________ withdraw  __________ 四、形容词  名词 ①adj. + ity  n.

able  __________ active  __________ curious  __________ diverse  __________ major  __________ minor  __________ necessary  __________ popular  __________ possible  __________ real  __________ responsible  ________ ②adj. + ness  n.

aware  __________ conscious  __________ dark  __________ fit  __________ happy  __________ empty  __________ ill  __________ weak  __________ 五、形容词 动词

wide  __________ long  __________ narrow  __________ low  __________ deep  __________ good  __________ bad  __________ rich  __________ large  __________ courage  __________ joy  __________ danger  __________ strong  __________ fright  __________ threat  __________ weak  __________ tight  __________

able  __________ close  __________ force  __________ sure  __________ clear  __________ beauty  __________ real  __________ organ  __________

六、动词  形容词 ①v. + able / ible:

accept  ___________ apply  ___________ avail  ____________

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comfort  __________compare  _________ consider  _________

favour  __________ profit  ___________reason  ___________ rely  ____________ remark  ___________ respect  __________ suit  ____________ value  ____________access  ___________ horror  ____________ terror  __________ ② v. + ive  adj.

act  ____________ collect  ____________ decide  ____________

impress  __________attract  ____________compete  ____________ create  ____________ effect  __________expense  ____________ protect  ____________ sense  ____________ select  __________

七、形容词、副词比较级和最高级

good ______ _______ well ______ ______ bad ____ _____ ill _____ _____ badly ____ _____ little ______ _______ long _____ ______ many _____ _____ far ______ ________ old _____ ____ able _____ ______ brave _____ _____ close ____ _____ fierce _____ _____ fine _____ ______ huge _____ ______ loose _____ ______ noble _____ ______

mad _____ _____ wise ____ ____ pale _____ ______ pure _____ ______ safe _____ ______ strange___________ wide _____ ______ wise _____ ______ nice ____ ____ angry _____ ______ busy _____ ______ crazy _____ ______ dirty _____ ______ dry _____ _____ early _____ ______ easy _____ ______ empty _____ ______ friendly _____ ______ red ____ ____ funny _____ ______ healthy _____ ______ hungry _____ ______ lazy ____ _____ new ____ ____ noisy _____ ______ silly _____ ______ ugly _____ ______ wealthy _____ ______ heavy ____ ___ bitter _____ ______ clever _____ ______ fair _____ ______ fat _____ ______ big _____ ______ fit _____ ______ glad _____ ______ great _____ ______ high ____ ______ thick _____ ______ hot _____ ______ huge _____ ______ cold _____ ______ light _____ ______ low _____ ______ rich _____ ______ ripe _____ ______ rude _____ ______ sad _____ ______ shy _____ ______ small _____ ______ sure _____ ______ straight _____ ______ thin _____ ______

八、前缀

①dis: __appear ___agree ___like ___advantage ___comfort

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__honest ___satisfy __trust

② in: __convenient __correct __dependent __visible

③un: __able __afraid __certain __friendly __healthy

__familiar __finished __fortunate __necessary __natural __seen __known __done __comfortable

④特殊: __legal __logical __patient __responsible __regular

九、动词的ed分词 / ing分词

accept _______ ________ ache _______ _______ add _______ _______ admit _______ _______ lie _______ _______ base _______ ______ beg ______ _______ begin ________ ________ write ________ ________ travel ________________ blow ________________ bring ________ ________ bury ________ ________ care ________ ________ carry ________ ________ chat _______________choose________________compete________ ________ control ________ ________ copy ________ ________ cry ________ ________ worry________________ delay________________destroy________ ________ develop ________ ________ die ________ ________dirty ________ ________ dream _______________ picnic ________________ panic________ ________ fix ________ ________ fly ________ ________ hide ________ ________ hope________________ invite ________________ invent ________ ________ lay ________ ________ limit ________ ________ nod ________ ________ occur ________ ________ offer________________ suffer ________ ________ differ ________ ________ open ________ ________ pay ________ ________ plan ________ ________ play ________ ________ prefer ________ ________ quarrel________________ relax________________reply ________ ________ rule ________ ________ shine _______________ sigh ________ ________ sign ________ ________ supply ________ ________ test ________ ________ tie ________ ________ trap ________ ________

十、动词+s构成单数形式 accept ________ ache ________ achieve ________ add ________ admit ________ agree ________ base ________ beg ________ begin ________ bring ________ bury ________ care ________ carry ________ chat ________ choose ________ copy ________ cry ________ delay ________ destroy ________ die ________ dirty ________ fill ________ fix ________ fly ________ lay ________ occur ________ offer ________

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pay ________ reply ________ worry ________ face ________ match ________ play ________ supply ________ watch ________ brush ________ realize ________ relax ________ test ________ wash ________ teach ________ loss ________

专题复习二 高考英语完型填空及阅读理解常用词汇总结

第一部分 话题词

1假期: vacation holiday spring break ask for leave（请假） be on holiday have two days off 2晚上: night evening

night: the time of darkness between evening and morning; evening: the time between sunset and bedtime.

3旅游: trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger

go camping/picnicking/hiking

journey长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip 4道路: path road way

path 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station 5 声音: sound/cry/voice/shout/noise

sound 泛指各种声音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音

6职务人员:

clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient vet staff crew nurse teacher conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard specialist expert 7餐馆/定餐/就餐:

inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book a table taste delicious salad dish vegetables fruit tray napkin 8诊所/看病/服药:

clinic hospital take one’s temperature takemedicine/pills

have a fever/flu/headache/cough doctor physician surgeon patient dentist prescribe/prescription

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9车站/机场:

airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.

see sb. off

10身体部位:

arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist

neck knee

11意志: will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy 12才能/品质:

talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable 13优缺点:

advantage disadvantage strength weakness shortcoming 14笑话: fun joke trick

fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要 加不定冠词 play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 a practical joke＝a trick恶作剧 play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人

15目标: aim goal intention purpose belief faith 16方式: means method way manner approach

means[常用作单]方法；手段，工具; a means to an end达到目的方法 method方法、办法，与way 可以替换使用。 17身体素质:

strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight put on weight lose weight

18图表: photo picture graph drawing table line bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图

19文章: reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 file form make a list of

20课堂: class course lecture example reason message note word phrase scholarship degree subject question trouble

difficulty grade read comment mark

21意见: idea opinion suggestion advice tip

idea 主意；意见 opinion 意见；见解suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫，提示；劝告

22学校活动:

match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony 23建议/观点:

advice suggestion idea proposal view recommendation

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24气候/天气:

climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot

cold freezing heat warmth

25交通: by train/bus /boat /bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride

a bike give sb. a lift/ride

26习惯: habit custom get used to regular有规律的（形容词） practice

惯例（名词）

27感觉: sight hearing touch smell sense

28情感: feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow

29财富: money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure

diamond be rich/well-off

30 运动比赛:

on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer

31衣服: clothes cloth clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数 cloth指布，为不可数 名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 32事件: incident accident event affair emergency business incident指小事件, 小插曲; 政治方面的问题

accident偶发事件, 意外, 横祸event事件, 大事 ; 运动项目affair一般的事件，或者是指事物,比较小的事务 emergency紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻 business一般, 指的是生意，公司事务

33苦难: suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险

34 练习: exercise 锻炼；练习 practice练习训练（业余的）training训练（专

业性强）

35看:

look看的动作 see看的结果 watch观察；注视 observe为了研究

进行的观察 notice注意 catch sight of看见 stare凝视，盯着看 glare瞪着看，怒目而视 glance扫视；瞥见 glimpse瞥见 see a film watch TV read books 36说:

telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth强调说话者

之间的交流 say sth诉说的内容 speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 bargain讨价还价 chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure 指出 declare宣布 claim声称 mention 提起 admit 承认 deny 否认 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍

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complain抱怨 37叫:

cry哭叫 call呼叫；称呼 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh 叹气 quarrel大吵 38问:

ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达 question审问 39答:

answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复 40 听:

listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到 41写:

dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画

take down/write down/put down写下，记下 42拿/放:

take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry拿，携带（无方向性） fetch （去）拿来，取来 lift举 put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉 push推 43抓:

take/catch hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch抓；刮；擦， 44打:

hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打;突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻击 45扔:

throw扔 drop掉;放弃;错过 fall 倒下;无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇 46送:

send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行 47摸/抱:

touch摸 fold折叠 embrace拥抱 hug抱 hold 握 48踢/碰:

kick踢 knock敲 tap 轻敲 49行:

walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come go enter进 入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑 fly crawl 匍匐前进 50坐:

sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat stand站，耸立 lean斜靠 51睡/休息:

lie on one’s back/ on one’s side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed rest

have a rest take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 52笑:

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smile 微笑（不出声） laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing 53哭:

cry shed tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying 54找/查:

find找到 look for正在找过程 find out查明 discover 发现

explore探索 hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of 寻找 search sb 搜身 search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地 check检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测，检验 inspect视察 55穿:

put on 动作 wear穿戴 have… on穿着 be dressed in 穿的状态 makeup化装 get changed换衣服 be in red take off 脱 remove

去除 try on 试穿 56吃/喝:

eat drink sip吮吸 have a meal have supper toast taste treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃 go Dutch各自付帐 57得:

get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess 58失:

lose 丢了 be lost /be missing失踪，不见 be gone不见（物） suffer great loss

die die off相继死去 die away 逐渐消失 die out 灭绝 59有:

have 有 own拥有 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess 60无:

nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone 61增/减:

rise go up drop raise bring down reduce increase decrease 62买/卖:

buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell be on sale bargain bill cheque cash credit card note coin discount 63存在/消失:

come into being exist/exsistence appear survive live show turn up disappear die die out pass away be out of sight 64变化:

develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour turn + colour change /change into reform 65认识的过程:

feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know learn realize

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understand remember be familiar with recall recite recognize 66成功/失败:

make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. into reality achieve one’s goal 67努力6+66666:

try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 68祝贺:

congratulations to sb on sth. celebrate observe 庆祝

get together 聚会 69赞美/批评:

praise think highly of blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb speak ill of 70喜/恶:

like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of dislike hate awful/disgusting ignore turn off 71判断:

think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt

suppose 72到达:

arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave for on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth 73受伤:

hurt injure wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss 74损坏:

damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash spoil 75修复:

repair rebuild restore fix recover mend 76支持/反对:

agree disagree approve of reject refuse turn down be against elect vote for/ against 77做饭:

cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker 78建议:

advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服

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79花费:

sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth sb+afford +n/to do sth It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense 80省/存钱:

save /save up set aside put away 81参加:

take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against participate in 82控告:

accuse sb. of charge sb. with 83救治:

help /help out save /rescue sb from sth.

treat过程 / cure sb. of sth结果 aid sb in doing sth / to do sth

help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth 84敬佩:

admire respect show respect for adore envy /be jealousy in honor of 85逃避:

run away escape from flee hide 86阻止/禁止:

prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth forbid doing sth. ban prohibit 87对付/处理:

handle do with deal with tackle overcome sth solve settle 88效仿:

copy imitate learn from learn 89爆发/发生:

come about happen to take place occur to break out burst out go off set off explosion 90安装/装备:

fasten fix set equip be armed with 用什么武装 be equipped with装备有 91追求:

pursue run after seek after chase catch up with赶上 keep up with跟上 92想/考虑:

think of 想起 think about 考虑 consider think over仔细考虑 be concerned about 担心 be considerate towards sb.

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93打算:

plan / intend / design/mean to do be going to do /be about to do /will

do /be to do/ be doing be intended/designed/meant to do 94似乎/好像:

seem appear look like as if as though 95开办/关闭:

open start set up close/close up end close down shut down 96发生:

take place 预料中的发生 happen意料外的发生 occur 两者兼有 What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？ 97知道:

know知道；熟悉 learn 听说；认识到；了解 notice 注意到 98检查:

examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况

check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正常 search搜查 99灌还是滴:

pour倒，灌 drop 使滴下，使落下 100钦佩:

admire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持 101打扰:

disturb/bother/trouble/interrupt

bother one's head（或brains）about … 为……费脑筋 what troubles me most is… 使我极不安的是…… disturb 打扰，扰乱，妨碍 interrupt 打断，打扰

Don't bother to care about others' matter.不要费心去管别人的事。

人的各种感受:

乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused 悲 sad unhappy painful bitter

平静 calm quiet silent still peaceful 烦 bored be fed up with be tired of

震惊 surprised astonished shocked amazed 怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid

失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed frustrated 满意be satisfied with be content to do 生气annoyed angry disgusting

担心 anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous

渴望的anxious eager desperate 担心的worried

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神经紧张的nervous

匆忙的hurried 共同:

common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normal

common 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的 usual 平常的；惯常的（as usual） average平均的；普通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通产品） regular 固定的；有规律的（the regular people生活有规律的人） normal 正常的（return to normal恢复正常） 可能:

possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的

表程度的副词类:

narrowly nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite/ accidentally/ once in a while occasionally/ once far/ by far farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however therefore/so/thus

易考的近义词组:

run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ match hit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /perform contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ do

fall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ account cause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since/as/ for last/ continue keep/ stay treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide stand/ bear/tolerate turn/become/go change/vary/range provide/supply/offer/ give/send

词汇的一词多义现象:

1 opposite the window

2 sit still（still a.静止的，静寂的adv. 仍然） 3 over one's shoulder across the shoulders 4 send children to bed（打发）孩子们上床睡觉 5 have（play, act）a part 参与……；起……作用

6 miss one's part miss a step （miss v.错过;失去）

7 The medicine didn't work. work v.（使）工作;（使）运转;起作用 8 make（the）tea 沏茶，泡茶

9 go to one's place（固定或指定的）位置，座位，席位 10 None of your excuse! ＝Don't give me your excuse! 11 speak for oneself＝in one's personal opinion 12 pick up sb 接某人 give sb. a lift用车接某人

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13 look out for 注意

14 be meant for＝be intended for 打算使……成为 15 papers 报纸；试卷；论文；文件；契约；借据等 16 stand n.货摊 vt.容忍，忍受（bear＝put up with）

17 button（扣住）one's coat＝do up（束起，收拾齐整，包好）the buttons of one's coat

18 get a very good idea of＝be familiar with… 19 call up＝remind sb. of…

20 share many experiences＝have many experiences in common 21 in this respect（way）

22 introduce sb. to sth. 把某事介绍给某人 23 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 24 help oneself to 擅自带走；自用

25 It won't hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处。 26 pick up

（1）He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.（跌倒后）使（自 己）爬起。

（2）pick up a wallet 拾起、捡起

（3）pick up some knowledge of physics（偶然地，无意地）获得（收益、 生计、知识、消息）等

（4）pick up a foreign language（未经听课等）学会外语

（5）pick up a girl（非经正式介绍）随便地结识（常指异性）

（6）pick up the program（依靠探照灯、雷达等）测知看到（在无线电 里）听到

（7）pick up passengers（goods）（车辆等）中途搭（人）中途带（货） （8）pick up one's courage （恢复精神；恢复健康） （9）The train picked up speed. 加速 （10）pick up a room 收拾，整理

（11）pick up a criminal 逮住（罪犯） （12）pick up the subject 重提（话题）

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第二部分 高考英语高频词组汇

1 abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动） 2 have an (the )ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 3 to the best of one's ability 尽力

4 be about to do …when… 正准备做某事突然…

5 above all最重要 in all 总计 after all 毕竟; 终究 first of all首先 6 at home and abroad 在国内外 go abroad 出国 7 in sb.'s absence 不在时 in the absence of （人）不在时 be absent from缺席 8 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 9 access to 接近；进入

10 by accident偶然 by chance 偶然 by mistake 由于错误 11 be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误 12 be accompanied by 附有；伴随

13 according to (后面不接view,opinion…); in my opinion

14 collect accounts收账 open an account 开账户 keep accounts 记账 account for说明 give a full account of 做一个完整的说明 on account of=because of 因为

15 accuse sb. of… 控告某人 charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人 blame sb. for sth. 责备某人

16 be accustomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于 某事

17 have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知

18 come (run) across （偶然）碰到 get sth. across 使人理解；领会 19 act as充当，担任 act out 表演（对话、故事）；

20 catch sb. in the act of doing sth. 抓住某人干某事 take action 采取行动 catch sb. doing sth. 抓住某人正干某事

21 be active in 在…积极 take an active part in 积极参加 lead/live an active life过着积极的生活

22 adapt oneself to 使自己适应 adapt sth. to 使某物适应

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adapt from 根据…改写（改编）

23 add to 增加；加强 add… to 把…加到…上 add up to 合加起来 add up把…加起来

24 be addicted to sth.( doing sth. ) 嗜好…的；上了…瘾的 25 in addtion/ in addtion to 此外 aside /apart from此外

26 deliver an address to 向…发表演讲 give a closing address 致闭幕词 give an address of welcome 致欢迎词 27 admit to sth.( doing sth.) 承认

28 in advance=beforehand=ahead of time 提前 29 be of great (no ) advantage to 对…大大有利（毫无裨益） gain(have) an advantage over优于；胜过 take advantage of . 利用 30 put an advertisement 登广告

31 ask for sb.'s advice 征求某人的建议

give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就如何干某事提出忠告 32 advise sb. on sth. 就某事对某人提出忠告 advise sb. against( doing) sth.劝某人不干某事

33 be afraid of 害怕；担心 be afraid to do 不敢做某事 34 be after 寻求；追求

35 be against one's proposal 反对（意见） go against nature违背自然 stand against the wall 靠墙而立

36 at the age of 在…岁时 be under age 未成年

37 agree with sb.( what 从句 ) agree with the climate 对饮食/气候等的适 应 agree to +advice/suggestion/ idea/proposal agree on (upon)就…达成一致意见

38 ahead of ( time) 提前 go ahead 继续；前进

39 aid sb. in sth./aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 in aid of 支持 give sb. first aid对某人实施急救

40 aim at 瞄准 be aimed at 目的是,旨在 be aimed to do 目的是做某事 41 on the air（用无线电、电视）播送 in the air 在空中 by air 乘飞机 put on (give oneself) airs 摆架子

42 all along 一直；始终 all over the country(world)遍及全国（世界） all alone 单独；独自地 all but 几乎；差一点

43 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事

44 let alone 更不用说 There is not enough room for us, let alone six dogs. 45 get along (on) with 在…方面有进展 take along with 随身携带 46 not only…but also

47 make an analysis of 分析 48 in ancient times 在古代 49 and so on/and so forth 等等

50 be angry about sth.对某事生气 be angry at sth.因某事生气

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be be angry with sb.生某人的气

51 annoy sb. with sth./annoy sb. by doing sth. 因…使某人生气 52 one after another 相继

53 answer for 对…负责 answer sb.'s call 回电话 make no answer 不作回答 54 be anxious about ( for) 为…担心 be anxious to do 渴望（急于）做某事 55 apologize to sb. for sth./ make an apology to sb. for sth 因某事向某人道歉 56 in appearance 外貌上 make one's appearance 登台 by/from all appearances 显然

57 apply…to… 将…应用于 apply for 申请 apply to 适应于 apply oneself to 专心致志于 apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 58 appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职

appoint a time for the meeting 约定开会时间

59 approach 接近 approach to 做某事的方法、途径 60 approve of 赞同

61 argue with/against sb. about/on sth. 与某人辩论某事 argue sb. into doing 说服某人做某事

62 arm in arm 肩并肩 hand in hand 手拉手 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 take sth. in one's arms抱 be armed to the teeth 全副武装

63 arrange for 安排；准备 arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事 make an arrangement( arrangements) for… 做好准备；安排 64 as a whole 作为总体 on the whole 总体上 65 as…as one can 尽力；尽可能 66 as to/with regard to 至于；说到

67 be ashamed of 对…… 感到惭愧或者羞愧

68 ask for sth. 请求 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索取某物 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

69 every aspect of=all the aspects of 各个方面

70 assist sb. with sth. assist sb. in doing sth. assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

71 associate…with… 把…和…联系起来

in association with …与…相联系；与…联合

72 be astonished( surprised) at (the news) 对…感到惊奇 73 at the latest 最迟

74 be attached to 附属于…；依恋 attach sth. to… 把…贴上 把…系在…上 75 attempt/try to do sth.(make an attempt to do sth.) 企图做… attempt at sth. 试图获得 76 attend to sb. 照顾，照料

77 attract/capture/catch/draw/get one's attention 吸引某人注意

hold one's attention on 将注意力集中于 devote one's attention to 专心于

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turn one's attention to 将注意力转向 pay attention to 注意 78 one's attitude towards/to… 对….的态度

79 on (the ) average按平均 above( below) average 平均以上（下） 80 be aware of 意识到，觉察

81 back and forth 来回地（屋内）

82 at the back of sb./at sb.'s back 支持某人 at the back of 在…后 lie on one's back 朝天躺着 83 go from bad to worse 每况愈下 84 go bad(wrong/hungry) 变腐

85 keep(lose) balance 保持（失去）平衡 be in the balance 悬而未决

86 ban( prohibit) sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 be under a ban被禁止 87base sth. on/upon sth. 以…为基础 be based on 基于 on…basis=on the basis of 以…为根据； 在…基础上

88 battle against 向…开战 battle with 与…搏斗 battle for为… 89 because of/on account of/due to/ owing to /thanks to+名词(代词/ what 从句)

90 make the bed 整理床铺 in bed/on the bed 在床上

91 beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人干某事 beg for sth. 请求得到 92 begin/start with 从…开始

93 on behalf of 代表 on sb.'s behalf 以某人的名义 94 believe in 信赖

95 belong to (无被动语态) 属于

96 beyond recognition认不出来 beyond belief 难以置信

beyond description 无法用言语表达 beyond sb. 对某人来说难以理解 beyond reach够不到

97 by birth 在血统上 at birth 诞生；出生 give birth to 生（产） 98 bit by bit 一点点地 do one's bit 尽一点（份） quite a bit 相当多 比较： not a bit 一点也不 not a little 很，非常 99 be black and blue 遍体鳞伤

100 bear the blame 受过 lay/ put the blame on/upon sb. for sth. 把责任 推到某人身上

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专题复习三 重点短语及固定搭配

一、 接不定式的常用动词

1. 负担得起做某事afford to do sth. 13. 主动提出做某事______________ 2. 同意做某事_________________

14. 计划做某事_________________

3. 乞求做某事_________________ 15. 假装做某事_________________ 4. 选择做某事_________________

16. 承诺做某事_________________

5. 决定做某事_________________ 17. 拒绝做某事_________________ 6. 要求做某事_________________

18. 想要做某事_________________

7. 决心做某事_________________ 19. 未能做某事_________________ 8. 期待做某事_________________

20. 渴望做某事_________________

9. 帮助做某事_________________ 21. 碰巧做某事_______________ 10. 希望做某事_________________

22. 犹豫做某事_________________

11. 学习做某事_________________ 23. 挣扎做某事________________ 12. 设法做某事_________________ 二、接动名词作宾语的常用动词

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1. 承认做某事 admit doing 2. 建议做某事________________ 3. 允许做某事_________________ 4. 感激做某事_________________ 5. 避免做某事_________________ 6. 考虑做某事_________________ 7. 推迟做某事 _________________8.否认做某事_________________ 9. 不喜欢做某事____________ 10. 喜爱做某事 _______________ 11. 逃脱做某事_______________

12. 完成做某事 ________________ 13. 禁止做某事_______________14. 想象做某事 _________________ 15. 保持做某事_______________16. 介意做某事_________________ 17. 错过做某事_______________18. 练习做某事_________________ 19. 冒险做某事 ______________ 20. 停止做某事_________________ 21. 盼望做某事 _________________

三、总结接动名词和不定式都可以的动词 1.意义没有区别

like/love, hate, prefer, begin/start, continue, can’t bear/stand, intend 2. 意义有区别

remember, forget, regret, try, mean , go on, can’t help 四、接不定式做宾补的常用动词 1. 建议某人做某事advise sb to do 2. 允许某人做某事________________ 3. 请（叫）某人做某事 ________________

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4. 乞求某人做某事________________ 5. 导致某人做某事________________ 6. 命令某人做某事________________ 7. 鼓励某人做某事________________ 8. 期望某人做某事________________ 9. 禁止某人做某事________________ 10. 强迫某人做某事________________ 11. 使（要）某人做某事________________ 12. 帮助某人做某事________________ 13. 邀请某人做某事________________ 14. 需要某人做某事________________ 15. 说服某人做某事________________ 16. 要求某人做某事________________ 17. 提醒某人做某事________________ 18. 教某人做某事________________ 19. 告诉某人做某事________________ 20. 想要某人做某事________________ 21. 希望某人做某事________________ 五、可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的常见动词 accuse sb. of sth. 控告, 指责某人做某事

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cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况（事） remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况（事） rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物 rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况

六、可用于“动词+sb+for doing sth”的常见动词 blame sb. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事 criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事 forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 punish sb. for doing sth. 惩罚某人做某事 scold sb. for doing sth. 指责（责备）某人做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 praise sb. for doing sth 表扬某人做某事 七、可用于“动词+sb+into doing sth”的常见动词 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事

fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事

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force sb. into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事

argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 八、容易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词 误：deal a problem 误：depend sb. 误：insist doing sth. 误：knock the door 误：operate sb. 误：participate sth.

正：____________________ 正：____________________ 正：____________________ 正：____________________ 正：____________________ 正：____________________

误：refer sth. 正：___________________ 误：rely sb. / sth. 正：___________________ 误：reply a letter 正：___________________ 九、容易误用作不及物动词的及物动词

误：serve for sb. 正：________________________ 误：marry with sb. 正：________________________ 误：discuss about sth. 正：________________________ 误：mention about sth. 正：________________________

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误：enter into a room 正：________________________ 误：contact with sb. 正：________________________ 误：equal to sth. 正：________________________ 误：ring to sb. 正：________________________ 十四、高频搭配

1. 对…好奇_________________

2. 抱有希望__________________ 3. be crazy about____________ 4. 对…讲究 ______________ 5. be serious about __________ 6. be bad at ________________ 7. be expert at _____________ 8. 善于____________________ 9. 渴望___________________ 10. 因…闻名________________ 11. 合适，适合___________ 12. 对……有益_____________ 13. 迟到_____________ 14. 对……有必要 ___________ 15. 为……准备好___________ 16. 因…感激某人___________ 17 缺席，不在___________ <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

第一组

18. 与……不同 ______________

19. 离 ……远，远远不__________ 20. be tired from _____________ 21. be tired of_____________ 22. be engaged in____________ 23. be experienced in ___________ 24. be rich in ____________

25.be interested in_____________ 26.害怕 ______________

27. 为……感到羞愧__________ 28. 意识到_________________ 29. 能够，可以_________________ 30. 喜欢_________________ 31. 充满 _____________ 32. 为……自豪_____________ 33. 缺乏_____________ 34. be sick of _____________

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35. 习惯于 _____________ 36. be blind to _____________ 37. be close to _____________

41. 献身，专心于___________ 42. 等于，能胜任_____________ 43. 为（某人）所熟悉_______ 44. 对…熟悉的 _____________ 45. be open to_____________ 46. be opposed to _____________ 47. 对……有礼貌 ___________ 48. be related to _____________ 49. 对…无礼_________________ 50.与…相似 _________________ 51.习惯于 _________________ 52. 忙于_________________ 53.对…真诚 ____________ 54. 对…有耐心_____________ 55.受…欢迎___________

56. 对…满意____________ 57.代表，为..的利益_____________ 58.如果，万一，以防_____________ 59. in celebration of _______ 60.负责管理 _____________

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38. 对…残酷的_____________ 39. 对…严格的_____________ 40. 对…苛刻的_____________

61. in face of _____________ 62. in favor of 63. 纪念_____________

64.需要_____________ 65.代替_____________

66. 拥有_____________ 67. in respect of _____________ 68. 寻找，搜找 _____________ 69. in spite of_____________ 70. in view of ____________

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第二组

1. answer ______ 对……负责 2. break ______ 分解, 抛锚，出故

障，垮掉

3. break ______ 闯入, 插嘴，打断 4. break ______爆发 5. break ______ 分手；解散 6. bring ______ 引来，引进，赚的 7. bring ______ 教育，培养 8. ______ day 日间，在白天 9. call ______接某人，需要 10. call ______ 拜访，访问，号召 11. call ______ 打电话 ，使想起 12. care ______ 喜欢；照顾（病人） 13. check ______ 报到，登记 14. check ______ 查明; 结账 15. change ______转换成，把……变

成

16. come ______ 发生，产生 17. come ______（偶然）遇见，被理

解

18. come ______ 出版，发行，开花 19. come ______共计，达到

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20. come ______ 变为现实 21. clear ______ 整理, (天气)放晴 22. cut ______ 砍倒 23. cut ______ 切断 24. cut ______ 切碎 25. fall ______ 入睡 26. fall______ 患病，病倒 27. feel ______ doing 想要…… 28. fill ...______ 用……填充 29. fill______ 填充 30. find ______ 查明 31. for ______ 例如

32. get ______ ______与……相处，

进展

33. get ______ ______ 接近 34. get ______ ______开始认真（做

某事） 35. get ______下车

36. get__________通过，拨通（电话）37. get __________ 聚会，联欢 38. give ______ 捐赠，出卖，泄露 39. give ______ 归还；送回

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40. give______ 屈服，让步 41. give______ 分发

42. go ______ 走过; 经过; 流逝 43. go ______ 没有…也行 44. go ______ ______ 参加，喜欢 49. hang ______ 挂断电话 50. hear ______ 听说，知道 51. hear ______ 收到……的来信 52. help ______ ______ 请随便吃点 53. help sb. ______sth.帮助某人做某事 54. help...______帮助某人解决困难 55. hold ______ 伸出；坚持，维持 56. hold ______ 阻挡，使停顿 57. in a ______ 匆忙，很快地 58. in a ______ 简言之，总之 59. in __________ 共同，共有 60. in ______ 欠债

61. in ______ ______ 需要，缺少 62. in ______ 按顺序 63. in ______ 为了

64. in ______ ______ 换句话说 65. in ______ 当众；公开 66. in ______ 吃惊，惊讶

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45. go ______ 仔细检查，复习 46. go ________ 浏览; 翻阅，通过 47. hand ______ 上交; 交纳 48. hand ______ 分发

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67. keep ______ 记住

68. keep ______ sth. 一直做某事 69. keep ______ doing 继续（进行） 70. keep one's ______ 守信 71. keep ______ sth. 与…保持一致 72. join ______ 参加，加入 73. look ______钦佩，仰视 74. look ______ 留神，当心 75. look ______ 看穿, 浏览 76. look ______ 查找

77. look ______向……里面看去; 调查 78. ______ the end 最后，终于 79. on ______ 值日，值班

80. on ______ 展出，在上演（放映） 81. pay ______ 偿还（借款等） 82. pay ______ 付款 83. put ______ 记下 84. ______ average 平均数 85. set ______ 放下 86. set ______ 释放，解放 87. set ______动身，起程；使爆发 88. set ______ 出发; 开始

89. spend...______ sth./______ doing 在……花钱、时间

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90. send ______ 派人去叫（请） 91. send ______发出，派遣 92. send ______ 发出, 射出 93. ______ the radio 通过收音机 94. try ______ 试穿，试试看 95. try ______ 试验

96. turn ______ 关小，调低 ，拒绝 97. turn ______ 翻动，犁翻（土地） 98. turn ______到达，来到；开大（声音） 99. take ______ 拿走

100. take ______ ______别着急，别紧张 101. take one's______从容，慢慢行动

102. take ______开始从事，占据（时间、地位） 103. ______ from 除去，除了 104. __________________ 谋生 105. ____________处理，对付 106. ____________依靠，相信，信赖 107. _________________消失，灭亡 108. _______________（作为）结果 109. _____________从今以后，今后 110. ______________对……有天赋 111. _________________ 属于 112. _________________骄傲，自豪

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113. _________________开展，执行 114. ________________数以百万计 115. ________________好像，仿佛 116. ______________与……交朋友 117. ____________ 由…组成，构成 118. ________________ 像往常 119. ________________ 刚才 120. _______________前几天，某日 121. ________________ 考虑 122. ________________迟早，早晚 123. ________________代表，象征 124. ________________ sth.坚持 125. ______________同……作斗争

126. ________________想起，考虑；认为，看法 127. ________ 运转不正常，出毛病 128. ____________对……严格要求 129. ________________ 赶上 130. ________________根据，按照 131. ________________合计达…… 132. ________________ 同意…看法 133. ________________ 祝贺…… 134. ________________想出，提出 135. _______________与……相比

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136. ______________ 把……分成 137. _______________下决心

138. ________________紧接着，相邻，次于 139. __________________毫无疑问 140. ______________上气不接下气 141. __________________ 后天 142. __________________ 前天 143. __________________ 只要 144. __________________脱离……

145. __________________以……为主食，靠……为生 146. __________________ 看不起 147. __________________ 分开 148. __________________做鬼脸，做苦脸 149. __________________ 注意 150. __________________挽救某人生命 151. __________________为某人送行 152. __________________判处死刑 153. __________________ 说服 154. __________________去接…… 155. __________________ 上下，来回 156. __________________过去常常 157. _________________算出，解决 158. _________________立即，马上

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159. __________________用完 160. __________________偶然

161. __________________ 不久以后，逐渐地 162. ____________继续下去; 继续开展 163. ____________赶快，快点 (V词组) 164. ____________担心，烦恼 165. ____________妨碍, 防止, 预防 166. ____________ 推迟 167. ____________ 包好, 伪装 168. ____________ 忍受

169. ____________提到，涉及，有关 170. ____________把……看作 171. ____________失业 172. ____________ 经过 173. ____________ 撞上 174. ____________嘲笑 175. ____________ 炫耀 176. ____________ 到目前为止 177. ____________ 扔掉 178. ____________ 写信给…… 179. ____________ 散步 180. ____________ 长大成人，成长 181. _________________ 最好（做）

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182. __________________ 不出气，屏住呼吸 183. now that ____________ 184. or else____________ 185. drop in ____________ 186. more or less ____________ 187. put on weight ____________ 188. even if /though____________ 189. for good____________ 190. keep off ____________ 191. put out ____________ 192. so as to ____________ 193. rather than ____________ 194. take the place of____________ 195. sell out ____________ 196. ahead of ____________ 197. let out____________ 198. make up ____________ 199. figure out ____________

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一、定语从句

专题复习四 高考英语语法易错点归纳

引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who（宾格whom，所有格whose）和关系副词where, when , why等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that, which, who, whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose在从句中作定语，而关系副词when, where, why等在从句中作状语。 如：1. I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.

2. I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.

解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用

关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days；而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来代指。

同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where或why来代指；如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。 如：1. This is the factory where/in which I worked.（作状语）

2. This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.（作宾语） 另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。 如: 1. Mr. Jackson is the only foreigner that/who is present at the party. 2. He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher.

解析：在句①中，先行词foreigner被only修饰，强调只有一个，所以从句

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中谓语动词用单数形式，而在句②中，who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the students为复数，所以从句谓语动词应为复数。

感悟：学生之所以在这一点上经常出错，主要是对定语从句的理解不够深刻，

分辨不出主句和从句，对句子成分的把握也不到位，搞不清关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当何种句子成分。所以要做好这一类题，要首先弄清关系代词和关系副词的用法，而且应善于分辨和分析句子结构及其相应成分，这样才能对症下药，快速准确地找到答案。 Exercises:

1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago? Is this the museum ___ the exhibition was held. A. where two months.

A. but neither of which C. but neither of them A. which

B. what

B. none of which D. none of them C. whatever

D. that D. whose D. which

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

2. We have two spare rooms downstairs, _____ has been used for more than

3. Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. 4. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor. A. of whom A. the thing

B. whom C. of whose B. that C. what

5. All ____is needed is a supply of oil.

6. He still lives in the room ____ window faces to the east. He still lives in the room, the window ____ faces to the east. He still lives in the room ____ is in the north of the city. He still lives in the room ____ there is a beautiful table. A. which

B. whose C. where

D. of which

7. ____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ____ who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ____ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone

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B. Who C. Those D. Whoever

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8. ____ we all know, China is rich in natural resources. ____ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. ____ is well-known is that China is rich in natural resources. A. Which

B. As C. It

D. What

9. I’ll never forget the days ____ we studied together. I’ll never forget the days ____ we spent together. A. that

B. / C. when

D. A and B

10. Galileo collected facts ____ proved the earth and all the other planets moved around the sun.

Galileo collected facts ____ the earth and all the other planets moved around the sun. A. that

B. which C. /

D. A and B

11. It was eleven o’clock _____ they went out of the cinema. It was at eleven o’clock _____ they went out of the cinema. A. which

B. that C. when

D. on which

二、名词性从句中的易错点

1. that引导的定语从句与同位语从句

定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，“……的(名词)”，而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表示事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。That在定语从句中必须作成分，可用which或who/whom代替，而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用且不可省略。如：

① Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.

② Do you still remember the chicken farm that we visited three months ago?

解析：在句①中，that引导同位语从句解释说明promise的内容，that不充

当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，而在句②中，that在其引导的定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，对先行词the chicken farm起修饰作用。

感悟：学生之所以在这一点上容易出错，主要还是因为对定语从句的理解不

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够深刻，分辨不出that在从句中是否充当了句子成分，因此，还需在句子分析上下功夫，并且搞清何为同位语从句。

2. 名词性从句中，关于it作形式主语和形式宾语的易错点

1) 名词性从句作主语或宾语时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语。

如：It’s a pity that he didn’t come to give a speech.（形式主语）

We think it possible that you can finish the job today.（形式宾语） 2) 谓语动词 appreciate, dislike, hate, like, love, enjoy, make等接由if或when 引导的宾语从句时往往在从句前加上形式宾语it.

例如：I would appreciate it if you could come to my birthday party.

3) 动词take, hide , put等词后接由that引导的宾语从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it.

例如: I take it that you will be leaving Shanghai soon.

(我猜想/认为你很快就要离开上海了)

4) 短语动词count on, depend on, insist on, see to(确保)等后接有that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it.

例如：① I’m counting on it that you will come.

② She’ll see to it that he goes ahead.

注：作形式主语和形式宾语时只能用it.

Exercises:

1. It is _______ you deal with difficulties that shows _______ you are really like. A. what; what C. how; that

B. how; what D. which; how

2. _______ is known to us is that time is limited and precious. A. What _______ it used to be. A. which

B. what C. when

D. how

4. A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.

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B. That C. It D. As

3. After ten years’ absence she came back，only to find her old house was not

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A. how B. after C. what D. when

5. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. —Is that _________ you had a few days off? A. why A. it

B. when C. what D. where B. that C. these D. them

6. I hate __________ when people talk with their mouths full.

7. We cannot figure out__________ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that

B. as C. why

D. when

8. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, __________ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space. A. where

B. what C. that

D. how

三、代词it、one、that的用法与区别.

One指代前面提到的那类人或物，用于指代可数名词单数，表泛指，相当于a+名词单数，其复数形式ones用来指代同类异物的可数名词复数，ones前一般要有定语，否则就要用some.

如：① — Do you want a toy?

— Yes, I want new ones very much.

② Some stone bridges last longer than wooden ones.

③ Teachers like the students working hard, especially the ones who are active in thinking.

That，指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，表特指，相当于the+名词，后面经常与介词修饰语连用。Those指代可数名词复数。

It指代上文出现的名词，表示同类同物，另外还可表示时间、距离、天气、还可指代人称代词，表示性别身份不明，可作形式主语，形式宾语，引导强调句式以及一些固定搭配，如：get it, catch it, make it. 例如：

① I have lost my watch. I think I must buy one.我的手表丢了，我想我必须再买一只。（代指上文指到的同类事物，但不指同一个）

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② Where is my pen? Have you seen it?

我的钢笔不知弄到哪去了，你见了吗？（代指上文提到的同一事物） ③ The land of China is larger than that of America. ④ Tome has a red pen and a blue one.（或two blue ones） ⑤ He has no child, and he wants to adopt one.（或some） Exercises:

1. I haven't a pen. Can you lend me_____? A. these

B. those

C. them

D. one

2. _____ is necessary that I get the text of my revision typed. A. There A. it A. some A. it

B. This B. that B. any B. that

C. That D. It C. these C. that C. one

D. them D. those D. this

3. I took _____ for granted that you would stay with us. 4. Few pleasures can equal _____ of a cool drink on a hot day. 5. Of all my old friends, the only _____ I saw much of was Betty.

四、虚拟语气

I 虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的易错点。

1. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

2. If you had studied hard at school, you would be a college student now. 句子①②都是虚拟语气在条件句中的使用，从句中都是假设过去的情况，所以用过去完成时，但在主句中，句①依然指代过去的情况，谓语动词是would have done，而②中含有一个表示现在的时间状语now, 这样就必须将其理解为假设现在的情况，所以谓语动词必须为could/would/should/might+动词原形，学生在这一点上经常会忽略now的存在，从而按句①的形式填写答案。 Ⅱ虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法

1. 在It is important (strange, natural, necessary……)+that 句子或者It is decided (ordered, suggested, demanded, advised……)+that句子中，主语从

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句中的谓语动词常用（should）+动词原形结构，表示某事“重要”、“必要”、“被决定”等。 例如：

① It is important that everyone (should ) obey the rules all day and all night. ② It is decided that the meeting (should) be held tomorrow afternoon. 2. suggest, insist 后面带宾语从句时需注意的地方

1）① suggest 当“建议”“提出”讲时，其后宾语从句的谓语动词常用“（should）+动词原形”

例如：He suggested that the work (should) be started at once.

他建议立即动工。

类似的动词还有insist坚持，order命令，command命令，advise/suggest建议，propose建议，ask要求，demand要求，request请求，require要求、需要，desire要求、请求， prefer宁愿等。

这些动词变被动语态（如：It is suggested + that主语从句）形式后，主语从句谓语动词仍用“（should）+动词原形”且这些动词变名词（如suggestion）后，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语部分仍用“(should)+动词原形”。 ② suggest当 “提出（某看法），暗示，启发” 讲时，其后宾语从句的动词不用虚拟语气。 例如：

（1）The police suggested that the thief might be one of the family member.

警察局提出窃贼可能是一名家庭成员。 （2）Her yawns suggests that she is sleepy.

她打哈欠表明她困了。

（3）Although he didn’t suggest that we __ the decision to swim across the

river, but his look suggested that our decision __wrong.

虽然他没提出我们应该终止游过这条河的决定，但他的表情表明我们的决定是错误的。 A: stop; was

B: should stop; be D: stopped; should be

C: stopped; was

解析: 在这个句子中，前一个suggest当 “建议”、 “提出” 讲，而后一个作“表

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明”讲，所以答案为“A”

2）① insist作 “坚决要求…该…；坚持认为…定要…” 讲时，其后宾语从句的谓语动词用 “(should)+ 动词原形”。 例如: I insisted that you (should) be there on time.

我坚持认为你应该准时到那里去。

② insist 作 “坚持（意见，看法）；坚持说，确信” 讲时，其后从句不用虚拟语气。 例如：

He insisted (that) he heard someone in the next room. 他坚持说他听到隔壁屋子里有人。 Exercises:

1. You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 2. The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be C. have been A. speak C. will speak A. Because of C. In case of

B. would be D. had been B. spoke D. to speak B. In spite of D. But for B. Was he leaving D. If he leaves

3. It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.

4._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.

5._____ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave C. Were he to leave

6. He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. will come

7. The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before

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he returns all the books he has borrowed. A. will take B. took C. take D. takes 8. Had I known her name, _____

A. or does she know mine? B. and where does she live? C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch. 9. The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year. A. has the station.

A. we’d meet them B. we’ll meet them C. we’d have met them D. we’ve met them

B. had

C. have D. will have

10. The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier, _____ at

五.反意疑问句中的易错点

1. 在一般疑问句中，无论肯定的问或是否定的问，如果回答为肯定则用yes，反之则用no. 特别注意如果出现省略则看下文所暗示的意义。 ① — Are you a new comer? — Yes, I came here only yesterday. ② — Isn’t Tom a good student? — Yes, he is excellent.

③ — Don’t you think the composition good? — No, It can’t be any worse.

注意：在②③句中，当回答的意思与问句相一致时，则用No，译为“是的”，

当回答的意思与问句相反时，则用Yes，译为“不”。

2.情态动词must

① I must leave now, mustn’t I ?

② He must be in the classroom, isn’t he?（表推测）

③ He must have finished his homework, hasn’t he ?（表现在的结果） ④ He must have finished his homework yesterday afternoon, didn’t he? （表过去）

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当句子中有表示猜测的情态动词时，其反意疑问句的构成不能再用原句中的情态动词，而应根据原句在去掉情态动词的情况下的主谓关系来确定其反问形式。

六、非谓语动词中的易错点

非谓语与其逻辑主语（即动作的执行者或承受者）之间有三种关系，如为主谓关系，则用现在分词或不定式的主动式；如为被动关系则用过去分词、现在分词的被动式（强调动作正在进行）或不定式的被动式（动作将进行）；如既无主动也无被动关系则只能用状语从句或独立主格结构（即非谓语加上自己的逻辑主语）。Judging/considering/generally speaking/supposing指说话者的动作，故只用主动式。

如：Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the

exam.

解析：从这个句子可以看出，从句的逻辑主语与主句的主语he一致，并且是

主谓关系，所以用了现在的分词作状语，同时，分词的动作明显地发生在句子的谓语动词动作之前，故采用了现在分词的完成式。 In order to improve English, ________. A. Jenny’s father bought her a lot of tapes. B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself. C. A lot of tapes were bought by Jenny. D. A lot of tapes were bought by Jenny’s father.

解析：根据不定式短语我们可以推知，句子的逻辑主语应该是人而不是物，

所以，应该排除C D，再就是应该是Jenny提高自己的英语，而不是她爸爸，故答案先B.

________，we decided to go out for a walk. A. It is fine

B. It fine C. Being fine D. It being fine

解析：主句主语we与动词短语be fine之间既无主动关系与无被动关系，所

以要加上自己的逻辑主语It，由于不存在主、被动关系，故不能选C项，而应该选D项。

________more attention, the trees could have grown better.

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A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having giving

解析：give与主句的主语之间是被动关系，故选A.易出错的问题一般都是学

生在学习中对知识理解不深刻或能力欠缺的地方，应及时纠错和建立“错题档案”，还应“借题发挥”，有意地把一些易错题予以归类，找出错误根源，总结规律。

Exercises:

1. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ____ to the new students.

A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken

2. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ___ him it. A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered

3. We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.

A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to be

4. Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.

A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered

5. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.

A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 6.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked

7. This machine is very easy______. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate 8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 9. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.

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A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 10.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .

A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand

11. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge. A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet 12. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them. A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting 13. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use

14. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.

A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched 15. Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him. A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped 16. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away. A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay

17. He got up late and hurried to his office, ______ the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left

18. Film has a much shorter history, especially when______such art forms as music and painting.

A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to 19. The party will be held in the garden, weather ______. A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 20. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 21. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 22. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from______in the South China Sea. A. attacking B. having attacked

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C. being attacked D. having been attacked

23. Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 24.“It’s a such nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customers.

A. to be reserved B. being reserved C. reserving D. reserved

25. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or________ his job.

A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit 26. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better_______ silent. A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain

27.__________an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base

28. When ______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked

29. I remembered______ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.

A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked

第二篇 能力提升篇

专题复习七 语篇填空专题复习

Cloze 1

Before I go __1__ a vacation, I always plan my trip very __2__ (careful). I usually go online __3__ (look) up all the necessary information on the internet because I don’t trust the __4__ (describe) in the guidebooks or __5__ the travel agents tell me. To begin with, I look up possible destinations and compare them carefully to see which one best suits my __6__ (need). Then, I <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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check the cost of travelling to that particular place. If I __7__ (go) by plane, then I have to compare the prices of the different airlines in order to get __8__ (cheap) tickets. If I am travelling by train, then I have to look into train passes or special train ticket office. I __9__ travel by bus, because of the high rate of traffic accidents on the high way. I also need to check hotels. Usually I choose to stay at cheap hotels. Finally I try to plan how much I need to spend on meals and sightseeing. If I plan carefully, I can usually have __10__ good time for the lowest cost.

Cloze 2

Summer vacation is just __1__ the corner. One of the best things you can __2__ (possible) do is to start your own club. It’s great fun especially if you’re the sort of person __3__ feels there’s never anything to do during the school holidays.

The first thing you need to come up __4__ is an idea for your club. What are you interested in? Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is __5__ (end).

Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. That’s easy. All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same things __6__ you.

Then you need to pick a name for your club. You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That’ll keep you busy for ages.

At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And __7__ very first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers/sisters! The best clubs are always secret!

Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can spend a lot of time __8__ (make) them. Use bright thick pens to make a special design. Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really __9__ (look) like it.

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So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get __10__ (start) you’ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!

Cloze 3

Forests in the __1__ (north) half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America.

The trees appear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons and higher concentrations(浓度)of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Geoffrey Parker, a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre in Edgewater, Maryland, said that the increase in the rate of growth was __2__ (expect) and might be __3__ (match) to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasons documented in the region. The growth may also be influenced by the significant increase in atmospheric CO2, he said.

“We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excluded half of them,” Dr Parker said. Their study suggests that northern forests may become __4__ (increase) important in __5__ (reduce) the influence of man-made CO2 on the climate.

Dr Parker and his colleagues have carried out a __6__ (detail) record of the trees __7__ a regular basis since 1987. They calculated that due to the global warming the forest is producing __8__ (addition) tons of wood each year.

The scientists identified the land with trees at different stages of growth and __9__ (find) that both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate. More than 90 per cent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times __10__ (fast) than the scientists had predicted from estimates of the long-term rates of growth.

Cloze 4

Good morning. Today I’d like to talk about __1__ to become a confident speaker.

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<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 __2__(confident), as we all know, is a very important element in learning to speak English. How can you sound more confident when you speak English? First, speak often. The more often you speak, __3__ (easy) it becomes. Try to think of people you can talk to __4__ English or places __5__ English is spoken a lot. You need to put __6__ in a position where you need to speak. Second, relax and think about the message. It’s easy to get nervous if you only focus on the grammar rules when you’re speaking. The way to __7__ (relax) when you are speaking is to talk about something that you find __8__ (interest). Third, practice what you want to say. If you are nervous, try to practice what you want to say to yourself __9__ few times. __10__ can make you more confident. Okay, that’s all for today. Goodbye. Cloze 5

Now it’s 8:00, time for the educational report. GCSE is the __1__ (Britain) exam taken by the students in England and Wales around the age of 16. Recently researchers at university have confirmed the doubt of many parents and __2__ (employ) that some GCSEs are easier than others, despite official claims that each subject is __3__ (equal) difficult. The researchers found that sciences and modern languages were the hardest GCSEs to do well __4__. Chemistry ranked the hardest of the major subjects __5__ (follow) by physics and French. They also found that regardless of the ability students were more likely __6__ (gain) good grades in easier subjects than in chemistry or French. Drama was the easiest GCSE to do well in, followed by physics education, media studies, English, English literature and religions studies. __7__ number of test takers in physical education and religious studies __8__ (rise) faster than in any other subjects last year. More than 144,000 pupils set GCSEs in physical education last summer, an increase of 7.5 percent, and 147,500 took the religious studies exam, arise of 4.6%. However, it was the problem for the country if pupils avoided hard subjects. __9__(few) people would go on to study languages or sciences at A level and university. Even though they were important to Britain’s future _10__ (develop). <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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Cloze 6

Hello, and welcome to our program of __1__ (success) business women. Today, we are looking at the story of Maria Silvers, the __2__ (found) of a chain of coffee bars. She comes from Singapore, but __3__ (late) moved to London with her family. Her father, __4__ was a factory manager, filled her with a belief __5__ hard work. Maria studied __6__ (politics) science at university. After __7__ (leave) university, she became a teacher. When her father died, she went to New York for a break. Every morning, she __8__ (go) to a coffee bar. When she got back to London, she realized that there was __9__ like those coffee bars. So she decided __10__ (give) up her job and do something about it. She opened the first coffee bar in 1995, and her success was quick. She opened ten more the following year. Now she is proud of her success and plans to open eighty more besides the eighty-five she already has. And Maria is only 33 years old.

Cloze 7

___1___is possible that we simply do not stay in one place for a true friendship to develop. However, there can be no disagreement on the need for each of us ___2___ (think) carefully about the kind of friendships we want. To most of us, friendships are considered ___3___ (importance), but need to be clear in our own minds the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be close or ___4___ (keep) at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves ___5___ do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are quite enough—and that’s all right .But at some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same ___6___ our friends’ expectations. If one wants more from the friendship than the other, ___7___ if this is not talked about, one is likely at last to feel that he’s holding the short end of the stick. The sharing of personal experience ___8___ (include) our tears as well as our dark dreams ___9___ (be) the surest way to deepen <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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friendships. But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and action ___10___ return.

Cloze 8

This is a true story. It ___1___ (happen) in Amsterdam, Holland __2___ the early 1940s after the German Nazis had occupied most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key___3___ (policy) was __4___ (kill) all the Jews in Europe. If any persons __5___ (know) to be Jews were found, they would be sent to concentration camp farther east, mostly in Poland.

Families were separated and transported in trains. For many days, they went ___6__ food, water, sanitation or fresh air. ___7___ (avoid) this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into hiding, often ___8___ the help of non-Jewish friends. This diary was written during the time ___9___ Anne and her family moved to escape from ___10__ (kill) by Nazis.

Cloze 9

Many rules govern drivers on American streets and highways. ___1__ most common one is the speed limit. The speed limit controls ___2___fast a car may go. On streets in the city, the speed limit is usually ___3__5 and 35 miles per hour. On the highways between cities, the speed limit is ___4___ (usual) 55 miles per hour. When people drive faster than the speed limit, a policeman can stop them. He gives them pieces of paper ___5___ people call traffic tickets . They tell the drivers how much money they must pay. ___6___drivers receive too many of them, they ___7___ (probable) can not drive ___8___ a while. The rush hour is when people are going to work ___9___ going home from work. At the rush hour there are many cars on the streets and traffic moves very slowly. Nearly all American cities have rush hours. Drivers do not break the rule for speeding during the rush hours __10__ they have to drive slowly.

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Cloze 10

Nowadays, millions ___1___ lonely singles are now going online instead. ___2___ World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).

Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet ___3___ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look ___4___ a significant other. Using dating sites(约会网址) is quick and convenient. Many singles say the regular dating scene has just led them from one bad experience to___5___ and are ready to try something else. Dating sites also make ___6___ easy to avoid someone ___7__ you are not interested in. In the real world, __8___ , ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult.

Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems. People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online ___9____ (describe). Safety is another concern. You are just _____10____ (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right.

Cloze 11

In many countries, _____1____ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space. _____2____, in the United States, this idea may still be considered odd(古怪的).

But this type of housing, _____3____ (call) co-housing, is gaining ____4____ (popular) in the United States, too. Co-housing complexes are popping up across the country. For many people, this way of life is a relief to the busy modern lifestyle. A co-housing community has _____5____ (private) owned houses and shared land. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room. About 25 co-housing communities _____6____ (build) in recent years, and 150 more are planned.

A co-housing complex is a place _____7____ residents shop, cook, and eat together. Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play _____8____, _____9____ many families like. Other residents like the feeling of living in a “village”. Residents also say that

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they can live in co-housing for _____10____ money than they would pay for nearby apartments.

Cloze 12

Tom is a boy with physical _____1___ (disable) and he can’t walk as _____2___ normal boy. In order to offer him more convenience, his mother bought him a robot____3___ name is Jimmy. Jimmy accompanies Tom every day after his parents leave for work, ___4___ (take) care of him. Tom suffers _____5___ a rare disease. He can’t stand up. Instead, he has to sit on an armchair all the day. Jimmy shows sympathy to Tom and tries his best to make him happy. Some days ago, he took Tom to the park. He tried to protect him from ___6___ (harm). He gave Tom encouragement to have a try to walk. So Tom ____7___. But to Jimmy’s disappointment, Tom fell on the ground, causing some other boys nearby to make fun ____8___ him. “Don’t laugh at the disabled!” Jimmy turned ___9___, warning those boys. They felt sorry and ran away immediately. The next day, Jimmy took Tom to the park once again. This time, Tom was adapted to the circumstance and didn’t feel clumsy(笨拙的) any longer. He gets back his own confidence ____10___ he is still a disabled boy.

Cloze13 We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, ___1___(get) a happy home life, we have to get along with them as well as possible. An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for___2___. People should not do things___3___will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume(音量) 4 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them. An ___6___(equal) important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid ____7____(disturb) other people, but there are times <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 ___8___ some level of disturbance is unavoidable. ___9___neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 10 peace.

Cloze14 Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, ___1___, can completely avoid waste in our lives. Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our ___2___(limit) natural resources, our money, _3___ other people’s time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big ___4___(different). It’s a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world that is in serious trouble. By focusing ___5___ saving oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing _ _6___ part in cutting down on waste. We must keep reminding ___7___ that it is easier to get into something ___8___it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage ___9___(do) to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution. It’s time for us ___10___(say) no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children will be able to develop well. We can’t solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness. Waste not!

Cloze15 Every individual is a member of a group ___1___(call) the community, and it is the duty of every citizen ___2___ (ask) what he can do for his community. A good citizen believes that he should serve the community and not the community serve ___3___. As students, there are many ways in ___4__ you can serve the community. Above all, however, you have to acquire a certain amount of skill and experience before you can be of ___5____(serve) to others. Your school has lots of activities which prepare you ___6____good citizenship. Many school societies train students ____7____(become) good citizens who later participate in volunteer work and serve the public in time____8____ need. If you serve your community, you will <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 grow up____9____(be) a good citizen with a strong sense of ____10____(responsible). Cloze 16 Sport is necessary for everyone. It helps you keep fit. Fitness is of 1 (important) if you want to be healthy throughout your life. The best way __2___ (keep) fit is to get plenty of exercise by doing sport. According to scientists, doing sport can benefit people a lot mentally as well as ___3___ (physical). The 4 sport they do, the happier they will feel. Besides, sport can help people develop will and ___5___ (determine). These qualities help people achieve their goals ___6___ they will not give up so easily when ___7___ (face) difficulties. What’s more, sport builds team spirit, ___8___ is good for the whole society. It helps people work __9___ (close) and smoothly and think about __10___, not just themselves. In conclusion, sport is good for your health and happiness, and for society. Cloze 17 I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting 1 my car broke down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my 2 (fortune), I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 3 should have the honor of receiving me 4 a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me 5 (settle) into a tiny 6 clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away 7 there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. Other villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey. We drank together and talked 8 (merry) till far into the night. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman 9 the trouble I had caused 10 . <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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Cloze 18 Mr. Smith offers us some advice on how to write a good composition, which includes the ___1____(follow) steps. Firstly, we should read the topic 2 (careful) and organize our ideas. Then we start to shape our thoughts 3 our own words and finish our writing in the 4 (give) time. After that, we have to check our compositions, ___5___(pay) attention to grammar and spelling. _ 6___ is very important to read them aloud to ourselves 7 someone else from 8 to end. Lastly, we had better ask our teachers or classmates __9__ advice on how to improve our writing. If possible, we may leave them alone for some time before reading again, 10 will help a great deal. I hope you will benefit a lot from the advice above. Cloze 19

Here is a story of a great magician. He was born ___1__ September 16th, 1956 in New Jersey. He picked up magic at 8, and began performing ___2___(professional) at 12. By the age of 16, he was already teaching magic at New York University. In 1977, he was ____3____(choose) to host a TV show—The Magic of ABC. The show was ___4___ huge success and made him known to the whole world. He understands his craft ____5____(much) than any other magician before him. He said, “Before there can be wonders, there must be wonder.” When others think, “It can’t be done,” ____6____ always says, “Yes, it can.” With this attitude, he never stops ____7___(amaze) people with magic. But the ____8____(great) work he thinks he has done is project magic. This is a project ____9____(establish) in March 1982, to help disabled patients. Every year, he performs over 550 shows and has created many box office records. His love for magic is everything to him. And to those who want to become great magicians, he gave this advice: practice, practice, practice, and never consider anything ____10____(possible). Do you know who he is? <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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Cloze 20

I’d love to share ____1___ you my personal opinions on city life and life in small towns. I ____2____(grow) up in a small town until I was 18, and then moved to a big city. So I ______3______(experience) the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like living in a big city. But I was wrong. After ten years of living in one, I can’t imagine ever ____4____(live) in a small town again. Truly, small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms ___5___ transport. In the small town, you can’t get around without a car, because there isn’t any kind of public transport. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but there you have a ____6____(choose) of taking public transport, ____7____ is cheaper than driving. I also love the exciting life in big cities. I can always enjoy a lot of films, concerts and other wonderful shows. ____8____ , these things are not common in small towns. The final thing I like about large cities is that you can meet different ___9____(kind) of people. However, you seldom find such a ___10____(various) of people in the smaller town.

Cloze 21

The idea of a blood transfusion is very simple, but that idea has saved many thousands of ___1___(life). Often, if a person is in an accident, or has an operation, he will lose a lot of blood. And these are the times ___2___ the blood transfusion is needed. This simply means ___3___(take) blood from another person and putting it into the body of the patient. Doctors have been carrying out blood transfusions for hundreds of years. It wasn’t until the last century ___4___ doctors realized there are several types of blood, and that the correct type must always ___5___(use). Once they knew that, blood

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transfusion had become almost one hundred percent ____6____(success). So, you might be thinking, ___7___ does this have to do with me? Well, it has something to do with all of us. Hospitals need to keep banks of blood ready for transfusions. ___8__ only way they can get that blood is from ordinary people like you. Every human body has 5 liters of blood, and we take 0.5 liters from each person. This is completely safe. In fact, your body will make enough blood____9____(replace) it after a round day. Giving blood only __10___(take) a short while, and it doesn’t hurt. It costs you nothing, and it could save a life. So please give blood.

Cloze 22

I feel it is very important for families ___1___(have) regular meals together. One of my good childhood memories was dinner with my parents and two sisters because my husband and I both work and our three children are busy ___2___ studies. We seldom had a chance to get together as a family. ___3___ we thought it would be possible for us to sit down and enjoy meals together every week. First, we ___4___(try) setting three fixed dates: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. But almost everyone was unhappy. Then my son had the idea __5__ everyone told me his or her most convenient days and I would choose the two ___6___(good) days. For a while, the children were still unhappy with the idea. They said they would rather spend the time with their friends___7__(play) sports. Gradually though they began to see these evenings together as _____8_____(interest) and helpful. We loved a lot, made plans for trips and discussed each other’s problems. After a couple of months, anyone who had to miss a family meal felt ____9____(regret). And now we all feel that we have been able to build much__ _10_ __(strong) relationships within the family than we had before.

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Cloze 23

I’d like to talk about doing exercise and keeping fit.

First, let’s deal with the importance of exercise. Many people today live a kind of lazy life, ___1___(sit) in the office all day and then watching TV __2___whole evening. I’m sure you don’t need me to tell you that this way of life is bad for your health. In fact, it can lead___3___all kinds of health problems, like heart disease, high blood pressure, and some of the problems can result in__4__(die). Now let me talk a little about __ _5__ (prevent) illness. Probably the most important thing to bear___6____ mind is to be active. This does not mean that you have to go out and play sports. Of course, sports are an excellent way to stay ___7____(health). But it’s also important_____8______(remember) the healthy activities can take many different forms, like gardening and doing housework, for example. Now let me suggest some ways of doing exercise. In the first place, you should choose___9___ activity that you enjoy, and one that you’ll stick with. And then start exercising____10____(slow), and try to increase the amount of exercise step by step.

Well, that’s all I have time for today, so until next time. Goodbye.

Cloze 24

W: Hello, Mr. Black. You’re a frequent ____1_____(travel) and we also know that you eat out __2__ (two) a day. How come you are so fond of eating out?

M: When I got my first job back in 1982 and started traveling, I had no other choice but____3__ (eat) out. I found that I felt different due to ___4____ I was eating, so I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good.

W: How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants?

M: I’ve lived in many____5____(city), and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, people asked me____6____to go to eat when they <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》

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went to cities I knew. I got a lot of ideas. Then I____7___(write) about restaurants for the Swedish Clubs’ magazine. And someone suggested I___8___ (gather) the information about the restaurants together. Since I had all the facts about the restaurants I’ve been to, I started to do that. W: How do you find restaurants?

M: The ___9___ (good) way is to ask the people there. I may talk to people at the street market or take a walk and look ____10____ a place myself. I never asked a hotel clerk or a taxi driver.

Cloze25

I am totally English but I spent most of my life basically in other countries. I was___1___(bear)in England, but I went to Africa fifteen days after I was born. When I was 8, I went off to a_ __2____ (board) school in England. And then we stayed in Holland for nine years, ____3____was really great. I stopped off in Africa and Nigeria for about five years.

Living away from your own country is great. I guess it’s really good to see different countries when you are young. I’m very lucky to____4_____ (grow) up in different countries. Although I feel ___5____ (vary) cultures, I can’t speak any of____6_____languages. I always went to language schools, __7__ it’s kind of difficult for me. I can easily get familiar __8___ strangers. So I made friends everywhere. The bad part was that __9____you made friends and got close to them, suddenly you had to move to somewhere else. I found this to be the ___10____ (hard) thing.

Cloze 26

W: Hi! It is nice to see you.___1___ have you been these days? M: I went to Beijing for business. I left last week and returned yesterday morning. Because it was Friday yesterday and manager wasn’t going to work on the weekend, I had to spend the whole day _ __2____(prepare) a report about my Beijing business trip. I ____3____(work) on it until I got a

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headache, but I finished the report in time to send to the manager just half an hour before the end of the workday.

W: No____4_____you are looking so tired! You have been working much ___5____ hard. M: That’s ___6____ I come here to the park to relax a bit. W: How was your business in Beijing?

M: I could say it was__7__success. I was able to return ___8____ (early) than I planned. I ___9_____ (think) my trip would last two weeks and I would have to spend Christmas alone.

W: Congratulations! I hope you can enjoy ___10____now. Let’s get together sometime. M: Ok. Good bye!

Cloze 27

Camels certainly like eating green grass, not dry grass. But ___1___ (strange), camels always keep looking for dry grass ___2____their stomachs are filled up.

A classmate of ___3____(I) whose home is on the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinjiang told me his home has two camels; he said you could imagine a camel’s appetite, for it can slowly swallow dozens of kilograms of hay (干草). I asked him___4____camels eat hay, not green grass. He said the camel is a kind of animal with___5____strong sense of suffering,___6____(fear) its master letting it travel through the desert the next day, and the hay in its stomach is more hunger-resistant___7___ green grass. The camel has the best tolerance. Unfortunately, many people can only see a camel’s outstanding performance, but few understand its ___8____ (prepare) made for it.

Life, ___9____a camel traveling through the desert, ___10____(need) the adequate accumulation, but not everyone can understand it.

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Cloze28

Li Hua:The Spring Festival is the loveliest in China, ____1_____usually comes in January or February.

David: How about the preparation ___2____this festival? Li Hua:Everyone loves it so much ____3____ they prepare lots of things for the Spring Festival ____4_____ it comes. David:What do you do during the festival?

Li Hua:In the Spring Festival holiday, people do many things such__5___having the dinner on the New Year’s Eve and setting___6____fireworks. Children and teenagers like “lucky money” best.

David:Why is it ___7___ (call) lucky money? Li Hua:On the ___8____ (one) day of the Lunar New Year, children

congratulate the older generation with “happy New Year!”, and then the older generation___9____(give) the young some lucky money. It ___10____ (represent) good luck and a nice outlook. David：I see. This is the lucky money which lots of the young want.

Cloze29

Eye

doctors

in

Shanghai

found___1____recently that

the

nearsightedness(近视) among primary and middle school students has ___2____to do with the color of the paper in their textbooks and notebooks. The doctors suggested that yellow paper should be used to replace the white one. According to their research the experts discovered that white paper reflects too much light and ___3____(easy) tires a person's eyes. Yellow paper, ___4____, doesn't look so sharp to a person's eyes. In other words, it is ___5____milder to the eyes of students___6____may do reading or writing for hours.

The expert's research finding was based on first-hand information and ___7____ number of scientific experiments___8____ (include) a recent

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study among the students from forty-one middle schools.___9____ (make) the students understand the truth, Shanghai Education Development Co. Ltd has produced textbooks and exercise-books made of yellow paper. The books will ___10____ (use) in the whole city soon.

Cloze30

Christmas is no fun when you're poor. Twenty years ago, I was a young, ___1____(struggle) substitute teacher(代课教师)whose calls into work had been few. Money was tight and bills were due so my wife and I couldn't even afford to get Christmas gifts for each other. The only gifts we could get for our ___2____(child) were a few soft toys that I had found ___3____ (sell)at half price in the supermarket. I opened the door and brought in the gifts I ___4____(hide)in our old car's trunk. Then I handed ___5____to my son and daughter. I watched with a sad smile as they did their best to tear off the wrapping (包装)paper. As they pulled out their toys, though, I noticed their faces lit up and they jumped___6____and down. My daughter ___7____(happy)hugged her toy and then hugged her mom and me as well. I laughed as I watched my son and daughter play with their toys ___8____ hours，and I thanked God for the ___9____(great)gift I had ever been given. Till today I still treasure ___10____ gift of pure love that my son and daughter gave me that day.

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专题复习八 美文阅读

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR STUDY HABITS

Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here’s how:

1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It’s important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.

2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.

3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some

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idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.

4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.

5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.

6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your knowledge permanent.

There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades.

Learning to Read—in College

The Timkens sent their child off to college with a check for $7,000 in tuition and thought that was the end of it. But soon after they received a letter from the dean of studies(教务主任).

“We are happy to announce that we have started a remedial class for college freshmen and strongly advice that your daughter Laura participate in it. If she doesn’t ,it is our opinion that Laura will not be able to keep up with her studies. The cost will be $250.”

Timken read the letter. “I thought Laura could read,” he said to his wife. “So did I.I think the problem is she can read, but she does not understand

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what she reads.”

“What did they teach her in public school and high school?”

“I have no idea. but if the college says she needs remedial reading we’d better see that she get it or $7,000 will be thrown away.”

A few days later they got another letter from the dean.

“The English Department has informed us that your daughter Laura cannot write. They have suggested that she enroll in (报名参加)the remedial writing class. We started it two years ago when we discovered this was a common problem for most college students. If you agree that Laura should get this special help, please send a check for $250.”

Timken was angry now.

“How did she get in college if she can’t write?”

Mrs. Timden was much more optimistic about it. “Laura can write. She just can’t write complete sentences.”

“She went to school for 12 years and she can’t write a sentences?” Timken said. “They made an illiterate out of my daughter!”

“Oh, I believe that’s a bit strong. I’m sure, anyway, the college can help her learn to write. After all, it is an institution of higher learning.”

“So now we have to pay $250 for something they should have taught her in grammar school?”

“Don’t you remember what the principal said years ago? It was the school’s responsibility to make good citizens out of the students, and the parents’ responsibility to teach the children to read and write. It seems that we’re the ones who failed.”

Timken sent in the check, and was not surprised to find another letter waiting for him a week later.

It read: “We have found that no one in the freshman class can add, multiply, subtract or divide simple sums. We feel it is urgent that this deficiency(缺陷)be corrected early in a student’s college career. Therefore, we are setting up a special remedial arithmetic course. The fee will be $250.If you do not want your daughter to take this course we cannot guarantee she will graduate.”

Once again Timken flew into a rage. “I thought Laura got A’s in math in high school.”

Mrs. Timken said, “That was conceptional math. She never could add or subtract. Don’t you remember when you complained once about it and Laura’s teacher told you, ‘she can always learn to add and subtract when she

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gets to college.’?”

SAILING ROUND THE WORLD

Before he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931.

The years passed .He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August,1966, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in his new 16-metre boat, Gipsy Moth.

Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chichester did it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14,100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia.

This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone. He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everyone said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.

After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends’ attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.

On 29 January he left Australia. The next night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over .Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, the damage to the boat was not too serious. Chichester calmly got into bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm again. Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.

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After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the following radio message to London: “I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again.”

Just before 9 o’clock on Sunday evening 28 May,1967,he arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ knighted him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had used almost 400 years earlier to knight Sir Francis Drake after he had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28,500 miles. It had taken him nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish. Like many other adventures, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.

A Brother Like That

Paul received an automobile from his brother as a Christmas present.

On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street child was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it. “Is this your car, Mister?” he asked.

Paul nodded, “My brother gave it to me for Christmas.”

The boy was astonished, “You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything? Boy, I wish...” He hesitated. Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for.

He was going to wish he had a brother like that.

But what the lad(青年) said jarred(震惊) Paul all the way down to his heels.

“I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.”

Paul looked at the boy in astonishment, then impulsively (激动地) he added, “Would you like to take a ride in my automobile?”

“Oh yes, I’d love that.”

After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes aglow(闪光), said, “Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house?”

Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the lad wanted.

He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again.

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“Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked.

He ran up the steps. Then in a little while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast.

He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, then sort of squeezed up against him and pointed to the car.

“There he is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent.

And some day I’m gonna give you one just like it... then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”

Paul got out and lifted the lad to the front seat of his car.

The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride.

That Christmas Eve, Paul learned what Jesus meant when he had said: “It is more blessed to give...”

My Holiday Wish for the World Is That We all could Be Brothers Like That.

The Carpenter and the Fence

There were once two brothers who lived on adjoining farms and fell into conflict.

It was the first serious rift(裂痕)in 40 years of farming side-by-side, sharing machinery and trading labor and goods as needed.

It began with a small misunderstanding and it grew into a major difference and finally, it exploded into an exchange of bitter words followed by weeks of silence.

One morning there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a man with a carpenter's toolbox.

“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” he said.

“Perhaps you would have some small jobs here and there I could help with?”

“Yes, I do.” said the older brother. “Look across the creek(小河,溪)at that farm. That’s my younger brother’s place. Last week there was a meadow(草地)between us. He recently took his bulldozer推土机to the river levee(堤坝,堤岸)and now there is a creek between us. Well, he may have done this to spite(刁难)me, but I’ll do him one better. I want you to build me an 8-foot fence so I won’t have to see his place or his face anymore.”

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The carpenter said, “I think I understand the situation. Show me the nails and the post-hole digger(大型螺旋挖坑钻)and I’ll be able to do a job that pleases you. “

The older brother had to go to town, so he helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off for the day.

About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job.

The farmer's eyes opened wide. There was no fence there at all. Instead there was a bridge. A bridge that stretched from one side of the creek to the other! And his younger brother was coming toward them, his hand outstretched.

“You are quite a fellow to build this bridge after all I've said and done.” For a moment, the two brothers stood at each end of the bridge, and then they met in the middle, taking each other's hand. They turned to see the carpenter put his toolbox onto his shoulder.

“No, wait! Stay a few days. I have a lot of other projects for you,” said the older brother.

“I’d love to stay on,” the carpenter said, “but I have many more bridges to build.”

The story is intended to tell us: Don’t pay back evil with evil. Don’t pay back unkind words with unkind words. Instead, pay them back with forgiveness.

TURNING OFF TV: A QUIET HOUR

I would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited by law.

Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our problems—everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness—are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each other what is disturbing us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.

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On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together(remember feet?)and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.

With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical television can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.

A different form of reading might also be alone, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might even be forced to come up with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.

At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio—which at least involved the listener’s imagination—but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn’t that difficult. The truth is we had a ball.

A NEW TOY

I was eight years old when our neighbors across the hall got a television. It was very small and very expensive, but that didn’t matter. It was wonderful. Everyone in the building came up to the fifth floor to see this latest wonder of the modern world. Some people, the lucky ones, stayed for a while and got to watch a whole program. That was in 1948.

Soon a lot of people got new televisions, but not us. My parents didn’t like television. They didn’t think it was good for children. Being a good, docile son, I didn’t argue with them. But I did secretly watch television—at my friends’ homes.

By 1955 televisions weren’t so expensive and they were much larger. My parents still thought television wasn’t good for us, but my sisters insisted. They said we were the only people in the neighborhood who didn’t have one.

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All their friends talked about certain programs and actors, but my sisters couldn’t. Their friends laughed at them, and my sisters felt wretched, very unhappy.

One day, my youngest sister came from school and started to cry. She said she was never going back to school and that life without a television wasn’t worth living. She cried and sobbed. My parents’ usual arguments only made her more inconsolable. Nothing they said made her feel any better. Well, what could they do?

The next morning, without telling us, my parents went out and got a new TV. That afternoon an antenna was put on the roof. Suzanne came home from school and ran into the house.

“Where is it? Where is it?” she cried, “I know it’s here.” She was breathless, and her eyes were shiny with excitement.

“It’s in the living room,” my mother said as my sister ran off to look at ,to admire, this beautiful thing called a television.

Later I asked her, “How did you know the TV was there?” She had a wonderful smile on her face.

When we were young our parents allowed us to watch TV two hours a night. Oh,yes. And we couldn’t watch until our homework was finished. But after a year or two, TV wasn’t exciting or new anymore. It became just another part of our lives, like shoes or soap. My parents still had fears about TV. We were going to forget how to read, they said. And we were not going to read because watching TV was easier, they said. And TV was going to fill our minds with violence, they said. They said lots of things like that—once a day at least .I disagreed with them. I thought they were old-fashioned, thinking too much of old ways and ideas.

Today, people still argue about the value of TV. On the average, Americans spend 30 hours a week watching TV. Is this influence good or bad? This is an unanswerable question indeed: It is hard enough to measure influence; and it is even harder to decide what is good and what isn’t. What is good, I suppose, is that many people are concerned about TV’s influence and that we have the power to change what we don’t like.

Recently I read an article in the newspaper about the people of Monhegan Island,18 kilometers off the coast of Maine. These people don’t have electricity, and they decided, once again, that they liked it that way. Only a handful of people live there during the long winter, and they live without electricity—by choice .Electricity, they think, would make things too easy

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and spoil their way of life. Maybe the young people wouldn’t want to go to town dances anymore. Maybe they would be more interested in staying home and watching television.

The Present

It was the old lady’s birthday.

She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.

Today there would be something. Myra wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work for the aged.

The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to live with her mother, and teach in a primary school round the corner.

One evening, however, Enid said, “I’ve arranged for Mrs.Morrison to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I’ve to go into hospital—just a minor operation. I’ll soon be home.”

In the morning she went, but never came back—she died on the operating table. Myra came to the funeral, and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.

Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.

The old lady was eighty today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps—perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.

Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited—like a child. She would enjoy her day.

Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldn’t go out to play until the post had come.

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“I guess you’ll get lots of presents,” he said, “I did last week when I was six.”

What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blue’s such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.

She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.

Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door. “Granny, granny,” he shouted, “I’ve got your post.”

He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends. The fourth was sealed, in Myra’s writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment.

“No parcel, Johnnie?” “No, granny.”

Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.

Almost reluctantly she tore the envelope open. Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday—Buy yourself something nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold. The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.

The Young And The Old

Someone said to a man, “Travel and see the world.” He answered, “Why should I? people are the same everywhere. They are born. They are babies. They are children. They are adults. They grow old. They die. While they are alive, they have the same emotions. They feel love and hate, happiness and sadness, security and fear, pride and shame, comfort and discomfort. That is why I do not want to travel. I can learn everything here. I’m going to stay home.”

The man was right. He was also wrong. People are the same, but people are also different. They all have the same pattern of life—birth, youth, old age, death. But these stages of life have different values in different cultures. Also, while all people have the same emotions, the causes of these emotions are different. A situation that may bring happiness in one place may not bring

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happiness in another place.

For example, in many countries old age is a happy time. Young people in these countries show respect to the old people. Young people listen when old people speak because they believe that an old person is a wise person. In that kind of society old people receive honor, privilege and satisfaction. In Korea, old people are honored and respected. When they are too old to live alone, they live with a son, daughter,or other relatives. When they become sixty-one years old, it is a very happy and important event. There is a big party with many guests. They receive many gifts. This birthday even has a special name. All other birthdays are called sing il(born day). The sixty-first birthday is called huan gup(beginning of new life). The sixty-first birthday has a special name because when people reach this time in life, the attitudes of their family and their community change toward them. The younger people call them “grandfather” or “grandmother”, even if they are not related to them. Their position in life is good because they receive honors and respect. Everyone looks forward to this time.

In the United States, it is quite different for old people. Most old people do not live with their children or relatives. If they have enough money, they buy houses or apartments in places where other old people live. If they are not healthy and strong enough to live alone, they live in special homes for old people. There, strangers take care of them. For many North Americans, old age is not a happy time. Most North Americans want to stay young. They try to stay thin and they act like young people as long as possible. They even try to speak the language of the young. They do not like to grow old because they will not get honor or respect or attention. Also, businesses do not want old people to work for them. So, old people usually live alone and they do not have many things to do. Old age can be a sad and lonely time for them.

So we can see that the man who stayed home was wrong. People are different in their customs and their values. There are young people and there are old people in Korea and in North America, but it may be better to be young in North America and old in Korea.

Flying

Once upon a time there was a little orphan boy who had always wished that he could fly like a bird.

“Why can’t I fly like a bird?” he thought.

There was another little boy who was crippled.(跛脚)

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He had always wished that he could walk and run like other little boys and girls.

“Why can’t I be like them?” he wondered.

One day the little orphan boy met the little crippled boy in a park.

He ran over to the little boy and asked him if he had ever wanted to fly like a bird.

“No,” said the little crippled boy.”But I have wondered what it would be like to walk and run like other boys and girls.” “That is very sad.” the little orphan boy said, “Do you think we could be friends?”

“Sure.”

The two little boys played happily for hours.

Then the little crippled boy’s father came with a wheelchair to pick up his son.

The little orphan boy ran over to the boy’s father and whispered something into his ear.

“That would be OK,” said the man.

Then the little boy ran over to his new friend and said,

“You are my only friend and I wish that there was something that I could do to make you walk and run like other little boys and girls. But I can’t. But there is something that I can do for you.”

The little orphan boy turned around and told his new friend to slide up onto his back. He then began to run across the grass. Faster and faster he ran, carrying the little crippled boy on his back. Faster and harder he ran across the park. Harder and harder he made his legs travel. Soon the wind just whistled across the two little boys’ faces.

The little boy’s father began to cry as he watched his beautiful little crippled son flapping his arms up and down in the wind, all the while yelling at the top of his voice, “I’M FLYING, DADDY. I’M FLYING!”

Friends always do their best to help us accomplish your dreams. The little orphan boy could do nothing to make the crippled boy walk or run, but he managed to make him “fly”. He failed to make his own dream of flying come true, but he took delight in helping his friend “fly”.

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专题复习九 短文改错

一

Li Ming went to the park in last Saturday afternoon after he had already finished his homeworks. He saw several boys skating in the pond happily. Suddenly he heard a cry for help. Looked ahead, he found one of the boys had fallen into the water. Li Ming jumped into icy water immediately and manage

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to pull the boy to safety. Then the boy was given first aid but soon came to myself. The boy’s parents came soon after they received the phone call. They were very much thankful Li Ming, who was trembling there with cold.

二

My secret of staying young is simple: Keeping your mind awake and you will stay young all over. Take an interest in the world around you, and learn at least the new thing every day. Don’t think that you are ever too young to go back to school. I know a man entered a medical college at 70. He got his degree with honors and became a famous doctor. Other man went to a law school at 71 and is now a active lawyer. You may say that staying young is easy only for that living in the future. In fact, you could do it whether you care enough to try to keep your mind awake and active, what is the only way to be always young.

三

Learning English is great importance. English is widely used all over the world. It was often used in the international meetings. Most business letters are written in English. With a help of English we can learn modern science and technology from the developed countries. We can also introduce our

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achievement and experiences to other countries. Because of their importance, English is a requiring subject in high schools and colleges. Now many people are working hardly at English. It’s very important to learn English well. If we learn English well, we can serve for our country better. So I suggest most Chinese can learn it well.

四

Locate in Conghua, the Temple, which covers an area of 900 square meters, are said to be built between 1426 and 1435. After it was first built, much big repairs, were done in different dynasties, seven of them were recorded in words. This is first discovery of ancient buildings in our province with exact times. To let it survive, local villagers and government treasures the grand relic and protect it with great care and repair it when is necessary. Because of their great efforts, in 2003, when the Temple was given first prize as cultural relic protection from the UN.

五

I eager to go to college because I know there is so many to learn about the world and about human beings. Knowledge is source of pleasure for me. I want to study at a college for the fun to knowledge; I know college education

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can prepares me better for my future. Better education mean, more often than not, better jobs, better opportunities and better choices. I want to go to college because I know that our parents and other people care for me will be happy with that. Unless I can study at a nice university, I will make them happy. I’d like not let them down. That’s why I must go to college.

六

One cold winter day in 1900, a small boy was called Charles Chaplin was walked along the street in London. He doesn’t have breakfast or lunch. He wanted to buy some bread, and he didn’t have any money. His father died since he was very young. His mother was often very sick, so she could take care of Charles or his brother. Neither of them had to work to help his mother. He was very young but his dream was very big. He wanted to be great man in the world of films. So he worked very hardly.

七

In the past, teachers always kept on to explaining the points in class. Our students just listened and take notes. But now we often discuss and try to solve

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the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves. After class, we enjoy different kind of activities instead of doing endless homework. For example, we can read that we are interested in. We can go to the library and surf the Internet for variously kinds of information. In my opinion, exploring study not only helps us learn much, but also make us to enjoy study and become masters of study.

八

Everyone in the world want to succeed. In fact, an opportunity comes once in a while. On most of occasions, it appears without noticed. Only when the opportunity has left us do we realize that we have lost one. Some people know the importance of opportunities. They know an opportunity is factor in achieving success. So they are always ready an opportunity when it arrives. However, other people give in the efforts to seek opportunities and grasp them. They are used to wait for opportunities to knock at our doors and only the more intelligent and hardworking people seize them.

九

Walking through the deep snow is hardly work. But Canada’s native

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people have discovered snowshoes to make walking in winter much easier, which is made of wood and leather. Snowshoes can spread their weight over a large area and this allows them to float on top of the soft snow instead sinking. Snowshoes were very important to Canada’s early settler. They made possible for the settlers to get away in the winter. Today we had snowmobiles but snowshoes are still very popular. Hunters and many of other people use them for winter travel outdoors and bird watching when they have to walking far into the mountains.

十

In some public place, you will see that most smokers are young people, still middle school students. It is said that in China the number of people who smoke is about 45 percents of the population. Why do such many people smoke? Some think that smoking is a pleasure. In fact, smoking is a bad habit. It does great harmful to people’s health. Studies of smoking shows that many kinds of diseases are related to smoking. Smoking for itself is a waste of money. It costs one too much money. Besides, many fires often caused by careless smokers. Today, more and more people all over the world had begun to give up smoke. If you are not a smoker, don’t start.

十一

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Dear Sir,

Thank you for your offer of invite me to the summer English course in your school. As for your choice between the two courses, I prefer the four – week course for 60 hours of study. Because of this will allow me more times to do some travelling and make a few new friends either. Of all the subjects I’m learning at school, I like English best. I had been learning English for 6 years but my spoken English remains poorly. So I hope to take this chance to improve it. If is possible, I’d like to stay with a family for a couple of days in order I can know some customs in England. I believe I will have wonderful time this summer.

Yours truly, Li Hua

十二

Fatness is one of the serious problems which has a bad effect on our health. But at present the situation in the teenagers is even more worse. So a discussion carried out in our class. Some students think fatness does harm to our health, so they suggest that teenagers were on a diet and take suitable exercise to prevent. Those who’re overweight should take measures to losing weight to keep fit. But others have a differently opinion. They say losing weight will be bad for the teenagers during their growth course, as well their studies. So there have no doubt to leave it as it is.

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十三

Every morning Jackie goes to work by a train. He usually buys a newspaper, it helps to make the time pass more quickly. One Tuesday morning, he bought a newspaper and turned it the sports page. He wanted to see the report about important football match the night before. The report was such interesting that he forgot to get off at the station. He didn’t know it when he saw the sea. He got off at the next station, and had to wait long time for a train to go back. Of course, he reached at the office very late. His boss were very angry when Jackie told him the reason why he was late. “Work is very important than football,” he shouted.

十四

Mary was an operator in Los Angeles. One Thursday morning, she was surprising to get a call from a young child said “Mommy is ill, Mommy is ill” again and again. Mary hurried to find the address of the call. She called police. At a minute, the policemen and doctors arrived at the house. They broke the door openly, and they couldn’t believe their eyes. The little child was very young that she could not walk! She was sitting besides her mother and holding her mother’s hands. Tears were run down from her face. “ The doctors gave the woman some medicines and soon she woke up. Later, she said, “ It’s the

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first time I had seen a one-year-old child call 911.”

十五

Some students don’t like talking about their parents often as if their parents love them very much. Are you going on well with your parents? You and your parents will be very happy if you can be friend. Here are some way to have a good talk with them. Find a good time to talk, like when you’re having with dinner, going out for a walk and watching TV. Tell them something you’re interested in, or ask them about their lives when they are young. They love to talk about our past! Meet them face to face and listen to them carefully. Be honesty, and your parents will trust you more.

十六

A woman got on a bus hold a baby. The bus driver said, “This is the most ugliest baby that I’ve ever seen.” Feeling very upset, the woman pushes her ticket money to the driver and took seat at the back of the bus. The man next to her thought that she was real angry and asked how was the matter. “ The bus driver made fun of me.” She cried. The man felt sorry to her and said, “ Why, he’s a public servant and should have said like that.” “ I will ask he to apologize to me.” She said. “ That’s a good idea. Here, let me held your monkey,” that man said.

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十七

Once there lived a man who was such lazy that no job was fit him. In order to make a living he went to a neighbor of him for help one day. A neighbor advised to him to be a cemetery caretaker as it was the easier job one could find. The lazy man delighted and soon became a cemetery caretaker. And to everyone’s surprise he gave up his job three days before he got it. “It’s unfair,” he said to the neighbor angry. “ In the cemetery all the others are lying still when I am the only one who has to stand.”

十八

Tom and Dick are next-door neighbour who both work in same office. They often walk together to and from work. Once they were walking to home together while it suddenly started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella and said proud, “ My wife was really foresighted. She said this morning it will rain and told myself to carry my umbrella.” Dick smiled and walked up to him under the protection of the umbrella, said, “ Mine has even great foresight.

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She didn’t let me carry one as she knew you’d share yours with you.

十九

Our world is getting smaller and smaller. We could fly around the world with less than 50 hours. The newest plane can go 600 miles a hour, and we are now developing planes which are very faster. But it used to taking a lot longer to go around the world before. Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip. It took him more than two years. They went by the sea. Magellan was from Portugal, and he sailed for the king of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left from Spain with five ships and 240 men. The trip was success.

二十

Mrs. Black was unable to fall sleeping at night and was very tired during the day to do anything, even the simple things that she used to enjoying doing. She had headaches more often, it prevented her from reading or watched TV. The more she thought about her conditions, the more worse she felt. At last she went to see her doctor, whom she have known for years. The doctor listened to her heart and said, “ There is nothing serious wrong with you, and I accept the fact that you don’t feel well. Now I will give you some pill that will help. Come tomorrow morning and tell me how you feel.”

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第三篇 实战演练篇 专题复习十 英语写作

I 阅卷老师的评分标准

(一) 书写是作文得分的关键.

一篇书写优美的作文会获得老师的青睐，会在同档次的作文中得到较高分数。

(二) 作文中不出现语法错误。

 写出与题目要求相关的正确词句，是老师给分的基础。  千万不要摘抄前面的阅读理解。

 一句与题目相关的简单句，要比句式复杂的错误句好很多。 (三) 掌握技巧：

(1)层次分明，合理布局

要做到层次分明，将全文分成两到三段。 (2)巧用连接词

要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词。同时将关

联词放在段首，会有意想不到的效果。 例如：表示罗列增加的关联词

First of all, besides, what’s more, last but not least; For one thing … for another…;

On (the) one hand…on the other hand;

Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover

(3)避免首句犯错

阅卷老师通常使用“丰”字阅卷法，关键位置一定不能写错误句子。

II备考建议：

1. 苦练书写，让老师明白你有得高分的诚意； 2. 积累话题资料；

3. 关键位置书写必要关联词；

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4. 展示你高中掌握的一两个高级句型，如定语从句，状语从句，将其熟练运用在阅卷老师面前。

5. 熟记开头，结尾或段中用到的精彩句子。

III高分作文常用连接词

1． 表层次

to begin with, in the first place, to start with, furthermore, what’s more, last but not least, besides, in addition, finally 2． 表转折

despite the fact that, on the other hand , instead 3． 表递进

furthermore, moreover, likewise, what is more, besides, not only…but also , for one thing , for another, on the one hand , on the other hand 4． 表举例

for example, for instance, 5． 表总结

in summary, to sum up, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, on the whole, in general, on the whole, finally 6. 表示个人观点

as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, as far as I can see, in my opinion, in my view

IV作文话题必备词句

(一) 年龄

(1)a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩 (2) a boy ______ five 一个五岁的男孩

(3)in my teens /_________在我十/二十多岁时 (4) _____ the age of five在五岁时

(二) 出生

(1)was born ___ ... 出生在……

(2)be/come from a __________ family出生于富裕人家 (3)was born ______ a peasant family出生于一个农民家庭

(三) 外表

(1)a _________________ boy 一个高1.8米的男孩

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(2) ___________胖的；thin瘦的；______ 苗条的；strong强壮的 (3)look young _____ one’s age 显得比实际年龄年轻 (4)good-looking 长得好看；_____-looking 长得一般 (5)well dressed 穿得漂亮；neatly dressed 衣着干净整洁

(四) 能力

(1) efficient办事高效率的

(2) _______________ 有智力的；_____________ 富创造力的 (3) a boy ______ great ability 能干的男孩 (4)a _________ teacher 一名合格的教师 (5) speak fluent English 讲流利的英语 (6) have a gift ______ 有……的天赋 (7)be skilled ___ 在……方面熟练 (8) be ____________ in 在……方面有经验

(五) 健康

(1)be in good health/shape/condition 身体健康

(2) ___________精力充沛的；________身材健美的 (3) suffer from... 患上……

(六) 经历

(1)graduate from... 从……毕业 (2) major in 以……为专业 (3)gain __________ 获得奖学金 (4) get good grades获得好成绩 (5)get a ________ degree 获得硕士学位 (6) be given the _______ of... 获得……称号

(7)win a gold/silver/copper medal 获得金/银/铜牌 (8)gain/win the first prize/place 获得一等奖/第一名

(七) 对周围环境的描写

(1) _____ the left /right在左边/右边 (2)at the back of在……的后面

(3)in front of在……的前面 (4) _____the north of在……的北部(内部) (5) _____ the south of在…的南方(接壤) (6) _____ the east of在……的东面(相离)

(7)Behind the street_______ a small river.街道后面有一条小河。 (8)On the top of the mountain _______ a 50-meter-high tower. 山顶上矗立着一座50米高的塔。

(9)There______ a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair in the bedroom.

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卧室里有一张床、一张沙发、一张桌子和一把椅子。

(八) 校园生活

1.常用单词

(1) campus校园 (2) ________餐厅 (3) laboratory/lab实验室 (4) dining hall食堂 (5) ________宿舍 (6) club俱乐部 (7) competition竞赛 (8)rewards奖励 (9)achievement/result成绩 (10) marks/grades/scores分数 2.常用短语

(1)school dining hall学生食堂 (2)teaching building教学楼 (3)lecture theatre阶梯教室 (4)the Students’ Union学生会 (5)social practice 社会实践 (6) _________ jobs业余工作 (7)vacation jobs假期工作 (8)prepare lessons 备课 (9) have lessons上课 (10) ____ a lesson误一节课 (11)prepare for lessons预习功课

(12)stay away from school旷课 (13)work hard at 努力做(学) (14)put one’s heart _____专心于 (15)concentrate on 全神贯注

(16)______ a lecture 参加讲座 (17)______ / give a speech发表演讲 (18) the English Speech Contest 英语演讲比赛 3.参考语句

(1)I prefer to _______ rather than _______ in the exam. 我宁愿考不及格，也不愿意考试作弊。

(2)The ________________ activity is a necessary part of the school lives. 课外活动是学校生活不可缺少的一环。

(九) 兴趣爱好

(1)surf the internet上网 (2) _______ online 在线聊天 (3)enjoy popular music 喜欢流行音乐 (4)be fond of/be keen on喜欢… (5)have some hobbies有一些爱好 (6)be_______ in对……感兴趣 (7)take an interest in对……感兴趣 (8)be crazy about... 对……着迷 (9)come to like... 越来越喜欢 (10)develop a great liking for... 渐渐爱上

(11)I prefer ____________ a TV show to __________ to a concert. 我宁愿看电视表演，而不愿去听音乐会。

(12)He goes for playing on-line games. 他喜欢玩在线游戏。 (13)Shopping is my ________ hobby in my ________ time. 购物是我闲暇时最喜欢的爱好。

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(14)I hate visiting museums, for I think they are boring. 我讨厌参观博物馆，因为我觉得它们让人感到无趣。

(十) 个人情感

(1)be happy / sad / upset / nervous / lonely高兴/难过/不安/紧张/孤独 (2)be pleased _______对……感到高兴

(3)be worried about / worry about 担心，担忧

(4)be / get angry with sb. about sth. 因某事生某人的气 (5)be disappointed at sb. 对某人感到失望

(6)be confident ____sth. / ___ sb. 对某事/某人有信心

(7)We are deeply ________ to you for your support. 我们深深感谢你的支持。 (8)It is a _______ that we shall have to leave tomorrow. 我们明天必须离开，真是遗憾。

(十一) 人际关系

(1)learn from each other 互相学习

(2) _____________ the friendship 增进友谊 (3)improve the relationship改善关系

(4)show love and ________ for sb. 爱护和关心某人

(5)Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. 善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。

(6)A good relationship between teachers and students is of great ____________ for our studies.

良好的师生关系对我们的学习很重要。

(7)To build a good relationship, we should _______ in each other. 要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。

(8)Only in this way _____________ we enjoy an ______________ relationship. 只有这样我们才能享有平等的关系。

(9)They find _____ easy to ______________ with their teachers. 他们发觉很容易和老师沟通。

(10) ________their help, I tried my best to study hard and succeeded in entering a key university.

在他们的帮助下，我努力学习，成功地被一所重点大学录取。

(11)We should ________ this harmonious relationship between teachers and students.

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我们应该珍惜师生之间这种和谐的关系。

(12)With the ________________ and support of my father, I have ________

many difficulties in our life.

在父亲的鼓励和支持下，我克服了生活中的许多困难。

(十二) 计划与愿望

(1)feel like doing想要做 (2)be __________ to do准备做

(3)decide/ be __________ to决定 (4)mean /plan/intend to do计划做 (5)look forward to doing盼望做 (6)have a desire to do希望做 (7)long/hope/wish/want to do渴望/希望/想做

(8)He planned to go abroad for ________ studies.他计划出国学习深造。 (9)So I am determined to meet the challenge. 因此，我准备迎接挑战。 (10)There’ll be a football game in our school this week. 本周我们学校有一场足球比赛。

(11)Think twice before you do. 三思而后行。

(12)Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人。 (13)Hope for the best, but prepare for the ________. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。

(十三) 节假日活动

1.中国节日名称

(1)__ _____________春节 (2) The Dragon Boat Festival端午节 (3)The Mid-autumn Festival中秋节 (4) New Year’s Day元旦 (5)National Day国庆节 (6) International Labor Day五一劳动节 (7)Teachers’ Day教师节 (8) Children’s Day儿童节 (9)Women’s Day妇女节 (10) _____________ Day清明节 (11) _____________ Festival重阳节 (12) The Lantern Festival元宵节 2.西方节日名称

(1) ____________ day 圣诞节 (2) _____________ Day 感恩节 (3)Valentine’s Day 情人节 (4)April Fool’s Day 愚人节 (5) ____________ Day 万圣节 (6) ____________Day 复活节 (7)Mothers’ Day 母亲节 (8)Fathers’ Day 父亲节 3.相关句子

(1)National Day that we look forward to is coming. 我们期待的国庆节快到了。

(2)National Day ______ on Monday this year.今年国庆节是星期一。

(3)We celebrated the New Year with a dance party. 我们举行舞会来庆祝新

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年。

(十四) 购物活动

(1)shopping mall/centre购物中心 (2)department stores 百货商店 (3)second-hand stores旧货店 (4) ________折扣 (5)change零钱 (6)cyber ordering 网络订购 (7) ______ products 假冒商品 (8)on-line shopping 网上购物 (9)poor/ high quality糟糕/优异的质量 (10)poor service 糟糕的服务 (11)buy in group 团购 (12)wrap up包装 (13)pay in cash以现金支付

(14)pay by ______ card通过信用卡支付 (15)free of charge不收费 (16)be all sold out /out of stock售空 (17)avoid being cheated 避免受骗

(18) ________ with attendant和服务员砍价

(19)effective and ______________ 高效率、方便

(20) _______________ to sb. about sth. 就某事向某人投诉

(十五) 饮食健康

(1)suffer from 遭受, 患上 (2)near-sighted 近视的 (3)feel stressed/depressed/anxious 感到紧张/沮丧/焦虑 (4)have a pain in ... 某处疼痛 (5) __________ unhealthy 心理不健康的(6)relax oneself 自我轻松 (7) ________ pressure 缓解压力 (8)go on a diet 节食 (9)take three meals ___ time 按时吃三餐 (10)eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品

(11)(un)healthy eating habits (不)健康的饮食习惯 (12)be high /low/rich in ... ……含量高/低/丰富

(13)be ______________/ pessimistic about 对……乐观/悲观 (14)physical and mental condition 生理和心理状况

(15)feel weak (well, terrible, sick) 感觉虚弱(健康/很糟/恶心) (16)face difficulties/setbacks with courage 勇敢面对困难/挫折

(十六) 旅游与交通

1.旅游与探险(tourism and adventure) (1)相关名词：

travel, journey, trip, tour, travel agency (旅行社), guide, airlines/airways, flight ticket, passport, visa, identity (ID) card (身份证), tent, camp, hotel, tourist attraction(旅游景点）, places of interest, scenic spots (景点), national

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park, space tourism(太空旅游), group/organized tour(团体游), a self-driven trip(自驾游)

(2)相关动词短语：

go on a wildlife tour/a __________ trip参加野生动物之旅/去远足 be on holiday/a visit 度假/旅行 see sb. ______ 送行

explore a forest/ a desert/ another planet 森林/沙漠探险；外星球探险 (3)相关形容词：

interesting, exciting, attractive, fantastic, boring/dull, tiring, comfortable, funny, well-organized (4)相关句子：

The ________ is charming! 景色迷人！

Great changes have ________________ in the ways that people spend their holidays over the period from the year 1990 to 2009.

在1990至2009年间，人们的度假方式已经发生了巨大的变化。

2.交通方式(methods of transportation) (1)walk/ on foot 走路，步行 (2)ride a bike/by bike 骑自行车 (3)drive a car/by car 开小轿车 (4)take a bus/by bus 乘公共汽车

(5)take a taxi/by taxi乘出租车，打的(6)by boat/ship/water/sea 坐船/走水路 (7)transfer(在旅途中)转乘、换乘

3.指路(showing the way)

(1)It’s about five minutes’ walk.走路约五分钟。

(2) _______ bus No. 2 and get off at the next stop. 坐2路车，在下一站下车。 (3)Turn right at the second turning. / Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个拐弯处右转。

(4)Go / Walk down /along the road and turn right. You’ll see the post office.沿着这条路走，再向右转,你就会看到邮局。

4.交通安全(safety rules and warnings) (1)safety first安全第一 (2)traffic light交通灯，红绿灯 (3)traffic rules/ regulations交通规则 (4)keep left/ right靠左/靠右(5)crossroad/crossing十字路 (6)wait until the green light 等到绿灯再走 (7)traffic jam /heavy traffic交通堵塞 (8)traffic accident交通事故

(十七) 语言与文化

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1.英语学习体会

(1)enlarge one’s vocabulary扩大某人的词汇量 (2) ________ the dictionary... 查字典

(3)focus on learning grammar强调语法学习 (4)form the habit of reading养成阅读习惯

(5)reading skills/ strategies/abilities... 阅读技能/策略/能力 (6)My experience tells me... 我的经验告诉我……

(7)I practise listening two hours a day.我每天练习听力两小时。

(8)I find it hardest to learn English grammar.我觉得学习英语语法最难。

(9)The stronger the ______________ is, the _______ quickly a person will learn a foreign language.一个人动机越强，学习外语就越快。 2.语言与文化

(1) language learning语言学习

(2) written English书面英语 (3) spoken/ oral English 口头英语 (4) English-speaking countries 说英语的国家

(5) culture difference /________________文化差异/多元文化 (6) cultivate cross-cultural awareness 培养跨文化意识

(7) Respect others’ culture and custom尊重他人的文化和风俗 (8) Culture plays an important role in language learning. 文化在语言学习中担任重要角色。

(9) Culture understanding enables us to ... 文化的了解使我们能够…… (10) It is high time for us to treasure and protect culture relics. 是我们珍惜和保护文化遗产的时候了。

(十八) 环境保护

1. 环境保护口号

(1)保护环境，人人有责：

Everyone should take the responsibility to protect the environment. / It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment

(2)提高环保意识：raise the ______________ of environmental protection (3)保护生存环境：conserve natural ________ (4)采取有效措施：

take ________ measures; effective measures should be taken/adopted

(5)采取积极措施保护珍稀动物 take active measures to protect _____ animals (6)环保产品：________________________ products 2.环境污染的原因

(1)cut down trees 砍伐树木

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(2) ________ the environment/air 污染环境/空气

(3)lead /water /noise/air /white pollution铅/水/噪音/空气/白色污染 (4)The rubbish was everywhere.到处是垃圾。

(5)send out smoke and _____________ gases into the air排放烟雾和有毒气体 (6)pour waste water into rivers without being treated 往河里排放未经处理的废水 3.破坏环境的后果 (1)smog 雾霾 (2) _____________ climate气候异常 (3)global warming 全球变暖 (4)sea level rise 海平面上升(5)greenhouse effect 温室效应 (6) __________ of animals 动物灭绝 (7)be harmful to/do harm to... 对……有害 (8)flood many low-lying cities 水淹低洼城市

(9)drought/flood/sandstorms sweep across... 干旱/洪水/沙尘暴横扫 4.环保措施

(1)plant trees 植树 (2)sort rubbish 垃圾分类 (3)protect the ecology 保护生态 (4)save energy/water节约能源/水 (5)go green生产或使用绿色产品 (6)protect the environment 保护环境 (7)ride bicycles to work 骑自行车上班

(8)develop _____________ resources可再生资源 (9)fight ___________ pollution 与污染作斗争 (10) ____________ development 可持续发展 (11)eco-friendly products 生态友好的产品 (12)deal with rubbish properly正确处理垃圾

(13) ___________ textbooks/trash 课本/垃圾回收利用 (14) ___________ smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟 (15)improve our living conditions 改善居住条件

(16)keep the ____________ of nature 保持自然界的平衡 (17)stop / keep/ prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做

(18)ban the ___________ of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 (19)don’t litter/spit everywhere 不随地扔垃圾/吐痰

(十九) 科学技术

1.短语

(1)对……产生很大影响: have a great effect on (2)起很大作用：make a great difference (3)改变人们的生活：change one’s life (4)得益于、从……获益benefit from

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(5)与……有关联：relate to/ be linked to (6)能使用：have access to/ be accessible to (7)代替：take the place of (8)致力于：devote oneself to (9)实现：come true (10)赶上：keep/catch up with (11)与……不同：be different from/differ from (12)使某人能做：enable sb. to do sth.

(13)把……考虑进去：take something into _____________ (14)引起某人的注意：draw/catch/attract the attention of sb. (15)导致：lead to/contribute to/result in/ bring about (16)在某方面起重要的作用：play an important role in

(17)提高人类的生活质量：improve the quality of life for humans (18)为治疗疾病而进行一项研究：

carry out a research in the hope of ___________ the illnesses 2.句型

随着互联网、个人电脑、3G手机的日益普及，我们的生活发生了巨大的变化或我们的生活精彩无限。(一句多译)

1) With the Internet, PC, 3G cellphones becoming more and more popular,

our life has greatly changed. (with复合结构)

2) The popularity of the Internet, PC, 3G cellphones makes our life colourful.

(make +复合宾语)

3) Due to/Thanks to/Owing to/Because of the popularity of the Internet, PC,

3G cellphones, our life is becoming more and more colourful. (介词短语)

(二十)网络时代

(1)The Internet is playing a more and more important ______ in our daily life. 网络在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

(2)On the one hand, it’s __________ to make friends and shop online. 一方面，网上交友和网上购物存在风险。

(3)On the other hand, ____________ in the Internet may affect our study and work.

另一方面，沉迷网络会影响学习和工作。

(4)A survey ________ that 52% of students are lost in the Internet. 一项调查显示，52%的学生沉迷网络。

(5)In my opinion, the Internet does bring us a lot of ___________. 我认为，因特网的确给我们带来了实惠。

(6)It remains a question how we can solve the problems ___________ making friends on line.

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如何解决网上交友所产生的问题依然是个疑问。

(7)The problems that Internet has brought to us do exist, but we have to be rational.

因特网给我们所带来的问题的确存在，但是我们必须要理性看待。 (8)Every coin has two sides, so does the Internet. 凡事都有两面性，因特网也是如此。

(9)As for the government, it should take strong measures to ___________ those _______ cheat people on line.

作为政府，应该采取强有力措施惩罚那些在网上行骗的人。

(二十一)学习生活

(1) pass the exam/ ______ _______ the exam通过考试

(2) _____ the exam 考试失利 (3) take notes 记笔记 (4)follow the teacher 听懂老师讲的课

(5)make full use of / make the best of /make the best of 充分利用 (6) ______ ______ _______ one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期望

(7) let sb. ______ 让某人失望 (8) make it/ ________ 成功 (9)______ ____ one’s plan 坚持学习计划 (10) ________ one’s horizons 开拓视野

(11)________ ________ _________熟能生巧。 (12) the burden of our study 学习负担

(13) We are _________ to succeed in our study.

有人期待我们的成功。 (14) Our efforts ______ ______.

我们的努力得到了回报。

V 高考实战演练

（一）人物介绍

介绍人物时，可以运用多种句式，例如：同位语, 定语从句或者非谓语。 1. 我是李华，一名正在一所英国大学学习暑假课程的中国学生。

I’m Li Hua, __ ______ _____ taking summer courses in the Britain university.

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2. 我将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。

I will ________ __________ Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. 3. 我是晨光中学学生会主席李华。

I am Li Hua, chairman of ___ ______ ______, from Chenguang High School.

4. 我是晨光中学高二(1)班的班长李津。

I’m Li Jin, _________ of Class One, Grade Eleven. 5. 你是新华中学的高三毕业生李华.

My name is Li Hua, a _______ _______ ________ of Xinhua Middle School.

6. 我非常擅长英语，尤其是口语。

I’m good at English, __________ spoken English.

7.作为一个非常积极的年轻人，我喜欢运动和户外活动。

Being an active young person, I like sports and __________ ___________. 8. 我很容易相处，喜欢交朋友。

I’m easy to ______ _______ ________ and I like to make friends. 9. 我性格很好，独立生活，英语很流利。

I have good character, and I’m independent in life and ______ _____ English.

10. 我非常开朗, 并且擅长组织各种活动。

I’m _________, and skilled in _________ all kinds of activities. 11.我是该报的一名忠实读者。

I’m a regular ___________ of your newspaper.

（二）困难求助

表达困难的句式：

I have difficulty （in）doing sth. I have some difficulties with sth. I have trouble (in) doing sth. I’m not good at sth. I find it hard/difficult to do sth.

12. 我在做笔记上有些困难，并且不知道如何使用图书馆。

But I have ________ _________ _______ note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library.

13. 我开始学习高中英语时，觉得英语比初中英语难很多，几乎丧失信心。

When I started senior English in the beginning, I ________ ______ _______ ______ _______ than what we learned in junior school and I almost______ ______.

14. 高考越来越近，很多同学表示压力很大，导致很多问题出现。

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As the College Entrance Exam is close, many students are _______ _______ _______, resulting in a lot of problems.

15．随着期末考试临近，我感到压力越来越大，害怕我会考试不及格。

With the final-exam ______ _________, I was feeling more and more stressed _______ _______ ______ I would fail in the exam. 16. 高考之前的感到焦虑很普遍。

It is common for us to feel anxious before the national college examination.

17. 我在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。

I _______ _______ ______ in collecting useful materials. Meanwhile, I find it hard to use English properly.

（三）提出建议 / 听从建议

掌握必要的词组搭配如：follow /accept / take the advice 18. 我认为你只有听从以下建议你才能成功。

I think you can _____ ______ only if you can ______ _______ _______below. 19. 建议如下。

The suggestions are_______ ________. Here ______ some tips.

20. 现在我想和你分享一下我对旅游的看法。

Now I’d like to ________ my view on traveling ______ you. 21. 关于我的建议，我认为最好…

As for my suggestion, l think _____ _____ better to … 22. 以下是一些如何交朋友的有用的建议。

Below are some helpful __________ on how to make friends.

（四）时间

23.这个航班将在8月6日上午11：30 到达。

The flight will arrive at______ ________, ________ ________. 24. 我们学校在4月10日组织了一次登山活动。

Our school organized a mountain-climbing _______ _______ _______. 25. 我们计划安排下周六上午8:00至11:00去农场摘苹果。

We plan to go to a farm to pick apples from 8 to 11______ ________ ________.

26. 我邀请你做演讲比赛的评委，时间是6月15日下午2：00- 5:00。

I’m writing to _____ you ____ be a judge at our English speech contest to

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be held in our school ____June 15th. It will ______ at 2:00 pm and _____for about three hours. （It will begin at 2:00 pm and _____at 5:00pm .） 27. 交稿日期：6月28日前。

Could we have your_______ before June 28 ?

（五）地点位置

28. 我们的宾馆距白山入口处500米。

Our hotel stands 500 meters away from _____ ________to Baishan Mountain.

29.公寓在四季花园(Seasonal Garden)小区内，北面是个公园。

The apartment building _____ _____ ______Seasonal Garden with a park to the north.

30.附近有二十余条公交线路，交通便利；

More than 20 bus lines are near at hand. So it is very _________ for you to go to the other parts of the city.

31.你可以乘坐20路公共汽车来到这里。 You can _______ No. 20 bus to come here.

（六）消息渠道

32. 我得知校报要招聘一名英语撰稿员。

I read the notice _______the school newspaper is ______ _____an English writer.

33. 如果你有任何问题，请联系123456789.

If you have any questions, please contact me _____ 123456789. 34. 这是我的邮箱地址lihua@126.com和手机号码12345678.

Here _____ my email address and phone number: lihua@126.com, call 12345678.

（七）意图请求

35. 我想成为学校英语俱乐部的副主席。

I’d like to_____ ______ the vice president of the English club in our school.

36. 我谨代表学校向你们表达诚挚的欢迎。

_______ _______ _______our school, I would like to ______ our warm welcome to you.

37. 我相信我完全符合你们的要求。

I am convinced I can perfectly ______ ______ ____ your expectations.

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38. 我写信是想进一步了解一下伦敦旅游的情况。

I’m writing for ______ _________ about the day tour to London.

（八）常用结语

39. 如果你感兴趣，请让我知道，我会发给你更多信息。

If you _______ _______ _______ it, please let me know and I’ll send you more information.

40. 如果你能来，我将不胜感激。

I’d ___________ it if you could come. 句式操练：

1) 如果你能听从我的建议，我将不胜感激。

I’d ___________ it if you could follow my suggestions. 2) 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。

I’d ___________ it if you could help me. 41. 如果你能考虑我的建议，我会很高兴的。

I’ll be glad if you can _________ my recommendation. 42. 我希望我会成为你们夏令营中的一员。

I hope I will be __________ as a member of your summer camp. 43. 我期待您精彩的讲座。如果您需要进一步的信息，我很乐意帮忙。

I am looking forward to your excellent lecture and I _____ _______ _____help if you want more information.

44. 如果您有任何问题和请求，请让我知道。

If you have any ________ or requests, please let me know. 45. 我希望我的主意能够起作用。

I hope my idea will ________ . 46. 如果你能考虑我，我会很感激的。

I will be ________ if you could give me a kind of consideration. 47. 如果有更多需要我帮助的事情，请让我知道。

If there is anything more I can ______ to help, please let me know.

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专题复习十一 高考英语阅读长难句分析

纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。

1、带有较多成分的简单句。如：

Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.

例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。

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在这个有30多个词的简单句中，______________短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used修饰的不仅是_______________，而且还修饰__________________________. exact television同时修饰______________和______________两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语____________把主语和谓语分隔开了。

2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如：

In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.

在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。

在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了_______ ________.

Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age，and doctors can do nothing to help.

担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。 三个分句均为简单句，分别用分号和and连接。其中，第二个句子中的分词短语testing positive for the Huntington’s gene是做everyone的___________;

3、含有多个从句的复合句。如：

I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.

我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。

在possibility后由that引导的____________从句中还含有一并列结构的

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时间状语从句：_______________________.

However, those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生)graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的) workplace may not have a place for them.

然而，我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道，这样的机会少得可怜；我们也知道，许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。 本句的主语是：_______________ 谓语___________有两个由that引导的__________从句，其中第二个省略了know。在主句中还有一个__________从句修饰主语，在第二个宾语从句中还有一个_____________从句修饰belief。

4、含有多个插入成分的句子。如：

His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.

他在电子邮件的地狱之旅是糊里糊涂开始的。作为国际计算机联合公司这家软件公司的董事长，他当时还是第一次听说他的雇员们是多么快地就接受了他们公司的新的电子邮件系统。

句子的主语是_____________, 谓语是__________, as chairman of Computer Associates International是_____的同位语，____________________是Computer Associates International的同位语，他们将从属连词when引导的______状语从句的主语分隔开了, heard后面是一个_________从句；

5、并列复合句。如：

I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.

我经历过好的变化，也经历过坏的变化，但是我从来没有怀疑过这样一个事实，即不管我喜欢与否，变化总是不可避免的。

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在but后的那个并列的分句中fact后面跟一个_________从句，其中还含有一个___________从句。

They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故意破坏行为），and at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares，vandalism did not often occur.

他们还发现公交车售票员在防止发生故意破坏方面发挥了重要的作用。当售票员到双层公交车的上层收费时，破坏行为就不常发生。

在前一个并列分句中谓语_________跟一个_________从句，在后一个并列的分句中有一个修饰times的______从句，省略了关系词____________. 长难句理解突破策略 (1) 结构分析法

 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。

 基本步骤是：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。 方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法—找主谓语，即找主干成分。如： ① However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last just about 120 years.

此句的主语为____________，主语里面包含了一个由_________引导的定语从句。主句有两个谓语，即___________ 和_________，say后面又包含了一个_________从句。

② Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

此句的主语为______________,有两个谓语，即____________和_____________，____________________________ 是宾语补足语

③At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute(道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.

此句的主语为a microcomputer，也有两个谓语，即__________和

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____________

方法二：并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词

① The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.

本句话中有两个主语，_____________和____________,分别有自己的谓语____________,________ ,是由_________连接的两个并列句

② Miss Germaine’s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordell’s parents are reported to be less than delighted.

本句话中也有两个主语_____________和____________,分别有自己的谓语____________,________ ,也是由and 连接的两个___________.

方法三：主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词

① Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.

whereas引导了一个________________从句，即 a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, 而主句是__________________________________________，其中it为___________主语，真正的主语为_________________________________________。

方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法 先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句

If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English-William, the Conqueror. (2) 意群阅读法

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意群阅读法即把意义和语法结构上有关联的几个词连接成较完整的信息。此方法不仅有利于提高阅读速度，而且有利于对句子的整体理解。例如：

When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other①, an unbelted driver would meet the windshield② with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters③. 分析：①是__________从句， ②是主句，

③是with引导的介词短语作___________，修饰谓语。 这样，把整个句子划为3个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。 【典型例题】

例1、 What Winter knows of the 19-year-old who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation (移植).

解析： 此句的主语为________________________________________，其中主语里面又包含了一个由who引导的_____________从句；主语的谓语为is，后面的that引导两个并列的_____________从句。

点评： 分析长难句时找出主句的谓语是至关重要的一步。

例2 、Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer.

解析：此句的主语为______________，谓语即___________，第一个that引导的是______从句。在宾语从句中after引导_______从句，第二个that引导________从句。第三个that引导__________从句。

点评： that在长难句里面用得非常多，所以正确理解that在不同从句中的用法非常重要。

【实战演练】 1. “ This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure—a 120-page diary kept 190

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years ago by Deborah Logan—a woman who knew everybody of her day,” James Green, the librarian told the magazine “American Libraries”.

分析： 第一句的主语为______________, the librarian为___________，谓语为_________，第一个宾语为________________________，第二个宾语为宾语从句，此宾语从句的主语为This chance discovery，谓语即____________，后面宾语的中心词为___________________.

2. The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious(怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face ... 分析：主句的主语是___________，谓语是____________, because 引导一个____________从句，这个从句里又包含了一个由who引导的______________从句。

3. At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past.

分析：主语为____________, 主语同位语_______________________________，谓语为_________，谓语后面都是省略了that的宾语从句，宾语从句的主语为__________________，谓语为___________，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为___________________________________。

1. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part--particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables--was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. （全国I卷B篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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2015年高考英语试题中长难句翻译

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】25. What made the author’s getting up early worthwhile? A. Having a swim. B. Breathing in fresh air.

C. Walking in the morning sun. D. Visiting a local farmer’s market. 【词汇解析】be to one’s taste 适合某人口味；合某人得意 root vegetables 块根类蔬菜

The early wake-up call 早醒电话；叫早电话（尤其在宾馆、酒店常有这种服务）

2. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly-opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where-luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. （全国I卷B篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【背景知识】丽丝卡尔顿（Ritz Carlton）是一个高级酒店及度假村品牌，现时拥有超过70个酒店物业，分布在24个国家的主要城市。The Ritz Carlton在国际高档酒店业，被公认为首屈一指的超级品牌。 【考查】27. What was the author going to that evening? A. Go to a farm. B. Check into a hotel. C. Eat in a restaurant. D. Buy fresh vegetables.

【词汇解析】Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when... 本句是as引导的让步状语从句，表语部分delighted前置。意为“尽管看到那些西红柿我很高兴不已，但...时我的幸福感大增。” supplier 供应商 newly-opened新开张（业）的

3. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg. （全国I卷C篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】31. What does the word “contribution” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.

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【词汇解析】in close collaboration with sb. 与某人密切合作

4. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle--longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home.（全国I卷D篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】33.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

A. They are less frequently visited. B. They stay open for longer hours. C. They have bigger night crowds. D. They start to serve fast food. 【词汇解析】fall victim to sth. 成为...的受害者；使...深受其害 boom 指经济等的繁荣；迅速发展。

5. This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS). That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. （全国卷II C篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】 29.What do we learn about the gap year from the text? A. It is flexible in length. B. It is a time for relaxation.

C. It is increasingly popular. D. It is required by universities. 【词汇解析】put off ...until... 推迟到 entry n. 进入，入场

UCAS 是 Universities and Colleges Admissions Service 的缩写，即“大学和学院招生服务中心”

6.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said. （全国II卷C篇） 翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】32.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

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A. Attend additional courses. B. Make plans for the new term.

C. Earn money for their education. D. Prepare for their graduate studies. 【词汇解析】be aware= realize 意识到 be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事 in debt 欠债

7. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). （福建卷A篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【考查】59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.

B. More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival. C. Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival. D. An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina. 根据上句可知，很显然答案A不是正确答案。

【词汇解析】fierce adj. 猛烈的，凶猛的 weighing about four kilos 和used in the race 都是分词短语作定语。

8. A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy. （陕西卷B篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【考查】51.Who spotted Judy after the accident? A. A birdwatcher B. A student from Leeds C. Six volunteers D. The coastguard of Cornwall 【词汇解析】armed with a telescope = equipped with a telescope 配备或用...装备, 用...武装

desperately=hopelessly 绝望地，无希望地 sound the alarm 拉响警报；发出警报

9. Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience. （重庆卷D篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【考查】48. What does the underlined word \"They\" refer to _______. A. Flooded waters B. Wildlife journey C. Safari camps D. Unique rides 【词汇解析】operate as --work as; serve as 当做；可用作；作......用 have a reputation for 享有......的名声；以......而闻名

10. When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. （北京卷A篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【考查】59.Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _______. A. did the right things in the dangerous situation B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly

C. created some tips for survival D. was very hard-working

【词汇解析】 was super impressed 印象极为深刻 make it 成功做成某事 “how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive”是动词knew的宾语从句。 11.Dudok’s masterpiece, Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. （湖北卷C篇）

翻译_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【考查】62. What is known about W.M.Dudok’s Hilverwum Town Hall? A. It consists of approximately 75 buildings. B. It looks like an open air museum in the city.

C. It is a classic example in architecture textbooks. D. It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.

【词汇解析】masterpiece 代表作 have wide international fame 享有广泛的国际声誉

专题复习参考答案

专题一 高三复习之词形变化强化训练参考答案

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一． 形容词  副词adj. + ly  adv.

abrupt  abruptlyly absolute  absolutely accurate  accurately active  actively actual  actually adequate  adequately angry  angrily automatic  automatically bare  barely basic  basically close  closely comparative  comparatively complete  completely considerable  considerably definite  definitely deliberate  deliberately dramatic  dramatically easy  easily economic  economically entire  entirely extreme  extremely gentle  gently heavy  heavily necessary  necessarily possible  possibly private  privately probable  probably public  publicly safe  safely separate  separately simple  simply steady  steadily terrible  terribly true  truly whole  wholly wide  widely full  fully careful  carefully typical  typically 二． 名词  形容词 n. + ly  adj.

day  daily brother  brotherly friend  friendly father  fatherly n. + ern  adj.

east  eastern south  southern west  western north  northern

northeast  ~ern northwest  ~ern southeast  ~ern southwest  ~ern n. + y  adj.

cloud  cloudy rain  rainy snow  snowy water  watery fur  furry health  healthy ice  icy mud  muddy hair  hairy scare  scary sleep  sleepy sun  sunny n. + ful  adj.

beauty  beautiful colour  colourful delight  delightful doubt  doubtful

faith  faithful pain  painful peace  peaceful use  useful n. + less  adj.

end  endless home  homeless penny  penniless wire  wireless n. + al  adj.

act  actual addition  additional agriculture  agricultural benefit  beneficial center  central coast  coastal digit  digital environment environmental

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fate  fatal finance  financial globe  global medicine  medical memory  memorial mind  mental music  musical nature  natural office  official politics  political race  racial region  regional society  social

spirit  spiritual technique  technical theory  theoretical technology  technological tradition  traditional universe  universal 三． 动词  名词

v. + tion  n.

accuse  accusation acquire  acquisition adapt  adaptation add  addition adopt  adoption apply  application appreciate  appreciation associate  association

assume assumption combine combination compete competition complete completion compose composition considerconsideration converseconversation declare  declaration destroy  destruction describe description edit edition examine examination

expect expectation explain explanation explore exploration identify identification pronouncepronunciation imply implication inspire inspiration intend intention introduce introduction invite invitation observe observation oppose opposition

organize organization prepare preparation produce production publish publication recognize recognition reduce reduction repeat repetition separate separation v. + sion  n. admit admission conclude conclusion confuse confusion decide decision depress depression discuss discussion divide division expand expansion explode explosion express expression extend extension impress impression invade  invasion permit  permission possess  possession revise  revision v. + ment  n.

achieve  ~ment agree  ~ment amuse  ~ment announce  ~ment argue  argument arrange  ~ment develop ~ment disappoint ~ment employ ~ment encourage ~ment enjoy  ~ment equip ~ment excite ~ment govern ~ment improve ~ment

judge judgement / judgment manage  ~ment move  ~ment

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punish ~ment settle ~ment v. + al  n.

approve approval arrive  arrival bury  burial propose  proposal refuse refusal remove removal renew renewal survive survival try  trial withdraw  withdrawal 四． 形容词  名词 adj. + ity  n.

able  ability active  activity curious curiosity

diverse diversity liable liability major majority minor minority necessary  necessity

popular popularity possible possibility real reality responsible responsibility adj. + ness  n.

aware  ~ness conscious ~ness dark ~ness fit ~ness happy happiness empty emptiness ill ~ness weak ~ness 五．  动词

wide widen long lengthen narrow narrow low lower deep deepen good better bad worsen rich  enrich large enlarge courage encourage joy enjoy

danger endanger strong strengthen straight straighten

fright frighten threat threaten weak weaken tight tighten able enable close enclose force enforce sure ensure/insure clear clarify beauty beautify real realize organ  organize 六． 动词  形容词 v. + able / ible:

accept  acceptable apply  applicable avail  available

comfort  comfortable compare  comparable consider considerable favour favourable profit  profitable reason reasonable rely reliable remark remarkable respect  respectable suit  suitable value  valuable vary  variable

access  accessible horror  horrible respond  responsible terror  terrible v. + ive  adj.

act  active collect  collective decide decisive

impress  impressive attract  attractive compete competitive create  creative effect  effective expense expensive

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protect protective sense sensitive select  selective 七． 形容词、副词比较级和最高级

good better best; well better best; bad worse worst; ill worse worst; badly worse worst; little less least; long longer longest; many more most; far farther/further farthest/furthest old older oldest; able abler ablest; brave braver bravest; close closer closest; fierce fiercer fiercest; fine finer finest; huge ~r ~st; loose ~r ~st; noble ~r ~st;

mad madder maddest; wise ~r ~st; pale ~r ~st; pure ~r ~st; ripe ~r ~st; rude ~r ~st; safe ~r ~st; strange ~r ~st; sure ~r ~st; wide ~r ~st; wise ~r ~st; nice ~r ~st; angry angrier angriest; busy busier busiest; crazy crazier craziest; dirty dirtier dirtiest; dry drier driest; early earlier earliest;

easy easier easiest; empty emptier emptiest; friendly friendlier friendliest; red redder reddest; funny funnier funniest; healthy healthier healthiest; hungry hungrier hungriest; lazy lazier laziest; new ~er ~est;

noisy noisier noisiest; silly sillier silliest; ugly uglier ugliest; wealthy wealthier wealthiest; heavy heavier heaviest; bitter ~er ~est;

clever ~er ~est; fair ~er ~est; fat fatter fattest; big bigger biggest;

fit fitter fittest; glad gladder gladdest; great ~er ~est; high ~er ~est; thick ~er ~est; hot hotter hottest; huge ~r ~st; cold ~er ~est; light ~er ~est; low ~er ~est; rich ~er ~est; ripe ~r ~st; rude ~r ~st; sad sadder saddest; shy shyer shyest

small ~er ~est; sure ~r ~st; straight ~er ~est; thin thinner thinnest 八． 前缀

dis: appear agree like advantage comfort honest satisfy trust in: convenient correct dependent visible

un: able afraid certain friendly healthy familiar

finished fortunate necessary natural seen known done comfortable

illegal illogical impatient, irresponsible, irregular

九． 动词的ed分词 / ing分词

accept ~ed ~ing; ache ached aching; add ~ed ~ing; admit admitted admitting lie lied lying; base based basing;

beg begged begging; begin begun beginning write written writing; travel travelled/traveled travelling/traveling; blow blown blowing bring brought bringing bury buried burying care cared caring

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carry carried carrying; chat chatted chatting; choose chosen choosing compete competed competing; control controlled controlling;

copy copied copying; cry cried crying; worry worried worrying; delay delayed delaying destroy destroyed destroying; develop ~ed ~ing; die died dying; dirty dirtied dirtying; dream dreamt dreaming;

picnic picnicked picnicking; panic panicked panicking; fix fixed fixing; fly flown flying hide hidden hiding; hope hoped hoping;

invite invited inviting invent ~ed ~ing; lay laid laying; limit ~ed ~ing; nod nodded nodding; occur occurred occurring; offer offered offering; suffer ~ed ~ing; differ ~ed ~ing; open ~ed ~ing; pay paid ~ing;

plan planned planning; play ~ed ~ing; prefer preferred preferring; quarrel quarrelled/quarreled quarrelling/quarreling; relax ~ed ~ing; reply replied ~ing; rule ~d ruling; shine shone shining; sigh ~ed ~ing; sign ~ed ~ing; supply supplied ~ing; test ~ed ~ing; tie ~d tying; trap trapped trapping

十． 动词+s构成单数形式（省略）

专题二（无） 专题三 重点短语

1. answer for 对……负责

2. break down分解，（汽车）抛锚 3. break in 闯入，强行进入，插嘴，

打断

4. break out （战争、火灾等）突

然发生，爆发

5. break up 分解；分裂

6. bring in 引来，引进，吸收 7. bring up 教育，培养 8. by day 日间，在白天 9. call for 提倡，号召, 需要 10. call on 拜访，访问 11. call up 号召，打电话

12. care for 喜欢；照顾（病人） 13. check in 报到，登记 14. check out 查明; 结账 15. change into 转换成，把……变成 16. come about 发生，产生

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17. come across （偶然）遇见（或

发现）

18. come out 出来，（书等）出版，

发行

19. come to 共计，达到

20. come true 变为现实，成为事实 21. clear up 整理，收拾, (天气)放晴 22. cut down 砍倒 23. cut off 切断

24. cut up 齐根割掉，切碎 25. fall asleep 入睡 26. fall ill 患病，病倒

27. feel like doing 想要……, 感觉

要……

28. fill ... with 用……填充 29. fill in 填充

30. find out 查明，发现，了解 31. for example 例如

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32. get along with 与……相处 33. get close (to) 接近

34. get down to 开始认真（做某事） 35. get off 脱下（衣服等）；下车 36. get through 通过，拨通（电话） 37. get together 聚会，联欢 38. give away 分发

39. give back 归还；送回 40. give in 屈服，让步 41. give out 分发

42. go by 走过; 经过; 过去 43. go without 没有…也行 44. go in for 参加，喜欢 45. go over 仔细检查，复习

46. go through 浏览; 翻阅，通过 47. hand in 上交; 交纳 48. hand out 分发 49. hang up 挂断电话 50. hear of 听说，知道

51. hear from 收到……的来信 52. help oneself to 请随便吃点 53. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某

事

54. help...out 帮助某人解决困难 55. hold out 伸出；坚持，维持 56. hold up 阻挡，使停顿 57. in a hurry 匆忙，很快地 58. in a word 简言之，总之 59. in common 共同，共有 60. in debt 欠债

61. in need of 需要，缺少 62. in order/turn 按顺序 63. in order to/ that 为了 64. in other words 换句话说 65. in public 当众；公开 66. in surprise 吃惊，惊讶 67. keep in mind 记住

68. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 69. keep on doing 继续（进行） 70. keep one's word/promise 守信 71. keep up with 与…保持一致

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72. join in 参加，加入

73. join up 联合起来，联结起来 74. look out 留神，当心 75. look through 看穿, 浏览 76. look up 查找

77. look into 向……里面看去; 调查 78. in the end 最后，终于 79. on duty 值日，值班

80. on show 展出，在上演（放映） 81. pay back 偿还（借款等） 82. pay for 付款 83. put down 记下

84. on average 平均，按平均数计算 85. set down 放下

86. set free 释放，解放

87. set off 动身，起程；使爆发 88. set out 出发; 开始

89. spend...on sth./in doing 在……

花钱

90. send for 派人去叫（请） 91. send out 发出，派遣 92. send up 发出, 射出

93. on/over the radio 通过收音机 94. try on 试穿，试试看 95. try out 试验

96. turn down 关小，调低 拒绝 97. turn over 翻动，犁翻（土地） 98. turn up 到达，来到；开大（声

音）

99. take away 拿走

100. take it easy 别着急，别紧张 101. take one's time 从容，慢慢行

动

102. take up 占去，占据（时间、地

位等）

103. apart from 除去，除了 104. earn one's living 谋生 105. deal with 处理，对付 106. depend on (upon) 依靠，相信，

信赖

107. die out 消失，灭亡

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108. as a result （作为）结果

109. from now on 从今以后，今后 110. have a gift for 对……有天赋 111. belong to 属于

112. be proud of 骄傲，自豪 113. carry out 开展，执行 114. millions of 数以百万计 115. as if/ though 好像，仿佛 116. make friends with 与……交朋友

117. make up of 由……组成，构成 118. as usual 通常，平常地 119. just now 现在，刚才

120. the other day 前几天，某日 121. think about 考虑（是否去做） 122. sooner or later 迟早，早晚 123. stand for 代表，象征 124. stick to sth.坚持

125. struggle/fight against 同……作斗争

126. think of 想起，考虑；认为，看法

127. out of order 运转不正常，出毛病

128. be strict with 对……严格要求 129. catch up with 赶上（或超过） 130. according to 根据，按照 131. add up to 合计达……

132. agree with sb. 同意某人的看法，与某人看法一致

133. congratulate...on 祝贺…… 134. come up with 想出（主意）；找出（答案）

135. compare to / with 与……相比 136. divide...into... 把……分成……

137. make up one's mind 下决心 138. next to 紧接着，相邻，次于 139. There’s no doubt that 毫无疑问

140. out of breath 上气不接下气

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141. the day after tomorrow 后天 142. the day before yesterday 前天 143. as long as 只要

144. break away from 脱离…… 145. live on 以……为主食，靠……为生

146. look down upon 看不起，轻视 147. separate...from... 分开

148. make a face 做鬼脸，做苦脸 149. pay attention to 注意

150. save one's life 挽救某人生命 151. see...off 为某人送行

152. sentence...to death 判处死刑 153. persuade sb. to do 说服

154. pick up 拾起，捡起, 接收；开车去接……

155. up and down 上下，来回 156. used to do sth. 过去常常 157. work out 算出，解决

158. right away/at once 立即，马上 159. run out of/use up用完 160. by accident 偶然

161. by and by 不久以后，逐渐地 162. carry on 继续下去; 继续开展 163. hurry up 赶快，快点 (V词组) 164. worry about 担心，烦恼 165. prevent ... from 妨碍, 防止, 预防

166. put off 推迟

167. wrap up 包好, 伪装 168. put up with 忍受

169. refer to 提到，涉及，有关 170. regard... as 把……看作 171. out of work 失业 172. pass by 经过

173. knock into sb. 撞上 174. laugh at 嘲笑 175. show off 炫耀 176. so far 到目前为止 177. throw away 扔掉 178. write to 写信给……

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179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. go for a walk 散步

grow up 长大成人，成长 had better (do) 最好（做） hold one's breath 不出气，屏住呼吸

now that 既然

or else 否则，要不然

drop in 顺便走访（某人） more or less 或多或少

put on weight 发福，增加体重 even if /though 即使，尽管

189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. for good 永远

keep off 勿踏; 勿踩 put out 扑灭，关熄 so as to 以便，为的是

rather than 而不，非；宁愿 take the place of 取代，代替 sell out 卖完, 出卖 ahead of 在……之前 let out 放掉, 泄露 make up 和解，化装 figure out 理解，想明白

专题四 高考英语语法易错点归纳

答案：

一 1.DA 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.BDAC 7.DAC 8.BCD 9.CD 10.DA 11.CB

二 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.B 三 1-5 DDACC

四 1-5 BDADC 6-10CCDCC

五1-5 C B C A A 6-10 A D C A A 11-15 D D C A A 16-20 A C D A B

21-25 A C A D D 26-29 D B B B

专题七 语篇填空专题复习

Cloze1 1. on 2. carefully 3. to look 4. descriptions 5. what

6. needs 7.am going 8. the cheapest 9. seldom 10. a

Cloze2 1. around 2. possibly 3. who 4. with 5. endless 6. as

7. the 8. making 9. look 10. Started

Cloze3 1. northern 2. unexpected 3. matched 4. increasingly 5. reducing

6. detailed 7. on 8. additional 9. found 10. faster

Cloze4 1. how 2. Confidence 3. the easier 4. in 5. where

6. yourself 7. relax 8. interesting 9. a 10. It

Cloze5 1. British 2. employers 3. equally 4. in 5. followed

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6. to gain 7. The 8. rose 9. Fewer 10. development

Cloze6 1. successful 2. founder 3. later 4. who 5. in

6. political 7. leaving 8. would go/went 9. nothing 10. to give Cloze7 1. It 2. to think 3. important 4. kept 5. or

6.as 7. and 8. including 9.is 10. in

Cloze8 1. happened 2. in 3. policies 4. to kill / killing 5. known

6. without 7. To avoid 8.with 9. when 10. being killed

Cloze9 1.the 2.how 3.between 4.usually 5.which/ that

6.If 7.probably 8.for 9. or 10.because

Cloze10 1. of 2. The 3. mainly 4. for 5. another 6. it

7. who / whom/ that 8. however 9. description 10. likely

Cloze11 1. it 2. However 3. called 4. popularity 5. privately

6. have been built 7. where 8. with 9. which 10. less

Cloze12 1 disability 2 a 3 whose 4 taking 5 from

6. being harmed 7. did 8. of 9. around 10. though Cloze13 1. to get 2.others 3.which/that 4.and 5.a

6. equally 7. disturbing 8.when 9. If/When 10.in

Cloze14 1. however 2. limited 3. or 4. difference 5. on

6. a 7. ourselves 8. .than 9. done 10. to say

Cloze15 1. called 2. to ask 3. him 4. which 5. service 6. for 7. to become 8. of 9. to be 10. responsibility

Cloze 16 1. importance 2. to keep/of keeping 3. physically 4. more 5. determination6. because7. facing 8.which 9. closely10. others Cloze17 1. when 2. misfortune 3. who 4. as 5. settled 6. but 7. where 8. merrily 9. for 10. her Cloze18 1. following 2. carefully 3. in 4. given 5. paying 6. It 7. or 8. beginning 9. for 10. which Cloze19 1. on 2.professionally 3.chosen 4. a 5.more

6.he 7. amazing 8.greatest 9. established 10. impossible

Cloze20 1.with 2. grew 3. have experienced 4. living 5. of

6. choice 7. which 8. However 9. kinds 10. variety

Cloze21 1. lives 2. when 3. taking 4. that 5. be used

6. successful 7. what 8. The 9. to replace 10. takes

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Cloze22 1.to have 2. with 3. But 4. tried 5. that

6. best 7. playing 8. interesting 9.regretful 10. stronger

Cloze23 1.sitting 2. the 3. to 4. death 5. preventing 6. in 7. healthy 8. to remember 9. an 10. slowly Cloze24 1. Traveler/traveller 2. twice 3. to eat 4. what 5. cities 6.where 7. wrote 8. (should) gather 9. best 10. For Cloze25 1. born 2. boarding 3. which 4. have grown 5. various

6. their 6. why

7. but 8. with 7. a

9.when

10. hardest

Cloze26 1. where 2. preparing 3. worked 4. wonder 5. too

8. earlier 9. had thought 10. yourself

9. like

10. needs

Cloze27 1. strangely 2. until/till/before 3. mine 4. why 5. a

6. fearing 7. than 8. preparations

Cloze28 1. which

6. off

2. for 3. that 4. before 5. as

7. called 8. first 9. will give 10. represents

9. To make 10. be used 5. them

9. greatest 10. the

Cloze29 1. out 2. something 3. easily 4. however 5. much

6. who/that 7. a 8. including 6. up

7. happily

8. for

Cloze30 1. Struggling 2. children 3. sold 4. had hidden

专题八 美文阅读 专题九 短文改错

一

1. in last- last 2 homeworks-homework 3 in- on 4 looked-looking 5 into icy-into the icy 6manage-managed 7 but – and 8 myself – himself 9 much删除 10 thankful – thankful to

二

1 keeping – keep 2 the new- a / one new 3 young- old 4 entered – who/that entered 5 other – another 6 a active- an active 7 that – those 8could-can 9 whether – if 10 what – which

三

1 is great – is of great 2 was – is 3 a help – the help

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4 from the developed – from developed 5 experiences – experience 6 their – its 7 requiring – required 8 hardly – hard 9 serve for – serve 10 can learn – should learn

四

1 Locate – Located 2 are said – is said 3 much – many 4 them – which 5 first – the first 6 times – time 7 treasures – treasure 8 is necessary – it is necessary或去掉is 9 when 删除 10 as – for

五

1 eager – am eager 2 many – much 3 source – a source 4 to knowledge – of knowledge 5 prepares – prepare 6 mean – means 7 our – my 8 people care – people who/that care 9 Unless – If 10 not let – not to let

六

1 was called 删除was 2 walked – walking 3 doesn’t – didn’t 4 and he – but he 5 since – when 6 could – could not 7 neither – both 8 his mother – their mother 9 be great – be a great 10 hardly – hard

七

1 kept on to – kept on 2 our – we 3 take notes – took notes 4 raising – raised 5 kind of – kinds of 6 read that – read what 7 and surf – or surf 8 variously – various 9 make – makes 10 to enjoy – enjoy

八

1 want – wants 2 most of – most 3 noticed – being noticed 4 lost one – lost it 5 factor – a factor 6 ready 后加for

7 give in – give up 8 wait for – waiting for 9 our doors – their doors 10 but only the more – and only the more

九

1 hardly – hard 2 discovered – invented 3 is made of – are made of

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4 a large – a larger 7 made后加 it 10 walking – walk

5 instead 后加of 8 we had – we have 6 early settler – early settlers 9 many 后去掉of

十

1 place-places 2 still – even 3 percents – percent 4 such many – so many 5 harmful – harm 6 shows – show 7 for itself – itself 8 fires often – fires are often 9 had begun – have begun 10 smoke – smoking

十一

1 invite – inviting 2 your choice – my choice 3 because of – because 4 more times – more time 5 either – too 6 had been – have been 7 poorly – poor 8 is possible – possible或者it is possible 9 in order – in order that 10 have wonderful – have a wonderful

十二

1 has a bad effect – have a bad effect 2 but at present – and at present 3 more worse – worse 4 carried out – was carried out 5 were on a diet – be on a diet 6 prevent – prevent it 7 losing – lose 8 differently – different 9 as well – as well as 10 have no doubt – is no doubt

十三

1 by a train – by train 2 it helps – which helps 3 turned it后加to 4 important – the important 5 such – so 6 when he saw – until he saw 7 wait long- wait a long 8 reached – arrived 或去掉at 9 were very angry – was very angry 10 very important – more important

十四

1 surprising – surprised 2 said – saying / who said 3 called后加the 4 at a minute -in a minute 5 openly – open 6 very 改成so 7 besides – beside 8 run down – running down 9 medicines – medicine 10 had – have

十五

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1 talking about – talking with / to 2 as if – even if 3 going on – getting on 4 friend- friends 5 way – ways 6 with dinner删除with 7 and watching TV – or watching TV 8 they are young – they were young 9 our past – their past 10 honesty-honest

十六

1 hold – holding 2 most ugliest 删除most 3 pushes – pushed 4 take seat – take a seat 5 real angry – really angry

6 how was – what was 7 sorry to - sorry for 8 should – should not 9 ask he – ask him 10 held – hold

十七

1 such lazy – so lazy 2 fit – fit for 3 A neighbor – The neighbor 4 advised to – advised 5 easier – easiest 6 delighted – was delighted 7 And to – But to 8 before – after 9 angry – angrily 10 when – while

十八

1. neighbour- neighbors 2 in same – in the same 3 to home – home 4 while – when 5 proud – proudly 6 will –would 7 myself – me 8 said – saying 9 great – greater 10 you – me

十九

1 could – can 2 with – in 3 a – an 4 very – much 5 taking – take 6 him – them 7 the sea – sea 8 and – but 9 from Spain – Spain 10 success – successful 或前加a

二十

1 sleeping – asleep 2 very – too 3 enjoying – enjoy 4 it – which 5 watched – watching 6 more删除 7 have – had 8 serious – seriously 9 and – but 10 pill – pills

专题十 作文专题必备词句答案

（一）年龄 aged twenties at

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（二）出生 (1) in (2) wealthy (3) into

（三）外表 (1)1.8-meter-tall (2)overweight slim (3) for (4) plain-looking （四）能力 (2)intelligent creative (3) with (4)qualified (6) for (7) in (8)

experienced

（五）健康 (2)energetic well-built

（六）经历 (3)scholarship (5) master’s (6) title

（七）对周围环境的描写 (1)on(4)in (5)on (6)to (7) lies (8) stands(9) is

（八）校园生活1.常用单词 (2)canteen (5)dormitory 2.常用短语(6)part-time

(10)miss (14) into (16) attend (17) deliver/ give 3.参考语句(1) fail cheat (2) extracurricular

（九）兴趣爱好 (2)chat (6)interested (11)watching going (13) favorite, spare （十）个人情感 (2)with (6) of in (7) grateful。(8) pity

（十一）人际关系 (2)promote (4) concern (6) great importance (7) trust(8)can equal (9) it , communicate (10)With (11) value (12) encouragement overcome （十二）计划与愿望 (2)prepared (3) determined (8) further(13) worst （十三）节假日活动

1.中国节日名称(1) Spring Festival(10)Tomb-sweeping (11) the Double Ninth (有Day 的节日， 前面不用the; 但是用Festival的节日，前面都用the) 2.西方节日名称(1)Christmas (2)Thanksgiving(5)Halloween (6)Easter 3.相关句子(2) falls

（十四）购物活动(4)discount (7)fake(14) credit (18)bargain (19) convenient (20)complain

（十五）饮食健康(5)mentally (7)relieve (9) on (13)optimistic

（十六）旅游与交通(2)相关动词短语：hiking, off (4)相关句子：scenery taken place 3.指路 (2)Take （十七）语言与文化

1.英语学习体会(2)refer to(9) motivation more 3.语言与文化(2) diversity （十八）环境保护口号 (2) awareness (3) habitats(4) effective (5) rare (6) environment-friendly

1.环境污染的原因(2)pollute (5) poisonous 2.破坏环境的后果(2)abnormal (6)extinction

3.环保措施(8)renewable (9) against (10)sustainable (13)recycle (14)ban (16) balance (18) abuse

（十九）科学技术1.短语(13) consideration(18) curing （二十）网络时代

(1) part (2) risky (3) being lost (4) shows (5) benefits.(6) concerning (9) punish who

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（二十一）学习生活1. get through 2. fail 6.live up to 7. down 8. succeed 9. stick to

10. broaden 11. Practice makes perfect. 13. expected 14. paid off 高考实战演练 （一）人物介绍

1. a Chinese student 2. graduate from 3. the Student Union 4. monitor 5. Senior Three student 6. especially 7. outdoor activities 8. get along with 9. fluent in

10. outgoing, organizing 11. reader 12. some difficulties with （二）困难求助

13. found it much more difficult, lose heart 14. under great pressure

15. drawing near , for fear that 16. common 17. have some trouble （三）提出建议 / 听从建议

18. make it , follow the advice 19.as follows , are 20. share with 21. it is 22. suggestions （四）时间

23. 11:30 am, August 6 24. on April 10

25. next Saturday morning 26. invite, to , on, start, last, (end) 27. article （五）地点位置

28. the entrance 29. is located in 30. convenient 31. take （六）消息渠道

32. that, looking for 33. at 34. are 35. run for （七）意图请求

36. On behalf of, express 37. live up to 38. more information （八）常用结语

39. are interested in 40. appreciate 41. consider 42. accepted 43. am willing to 44. questions 45. work 46. grateful 47. do

专题十一 长难句分析答案

1. 现在分词， women’s magazines, programs and stations 和women’s

magazines，programs和stations，for instance 2. and he, 定语

3. 同位语， as the earth’s……

Those of us, know, 宾语， 定语， 同位语

4. His journey, began, he , a software company, 时间， 宾语

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5. 同位语， 让步状语

found，宾语， 定语， when 长难句理解突破策略 方法一

① many scientists, who, are, say, 宾语

② companies, have made, emphasize, their main selling point ③ looks ,sets 方法二

① the hot sun, fermenting yeast, had caused, made, and

② her mother, Microcell’s parents, looked, are expected, 并列句 方法三

① 让步状语，it wasn’t unusual to hear……, 形式，to hear….. 意群阅读法

状语， 伴随状语 典型例题

What winter knows, 定语， 表语

Pasteur， discovered， 宾语， 时间状语，定语，同位语 实战演练

James Green， 同位语， told，the magazine， ended， a 12-day search The alarm, had been raised, 原因状语， 定语

Donald Louria, a professor, said, advances, make, that 引导的从句

1.【译文】游泳，品酒以及欣赏粉红色的落日（一般在傍晚时分，而不是下午四点）把整个周末填的满满的，但精彩的部分也是让我最中意的是上午7点的萨拉索塔市农贸市场的一次历险，尤其是被数月寒天块根蔬菜弄得生活沉闷之后，这次探索之旅证明早起还是值得的。【D】

2. 【译文】虽然那些新鲜柔嫩的西红柿让我欣喜，但当我了解到一个新开张的饭馆 Jack Dusty供应商就是Brown’s Grove Farm时，我更加开心不已，因为幸运的是那家饭馆就是我们打算那晚在萨拉索塔市的丽丝卡尔顿大酒店the Sarasota Ritz Carlton就餐的地方。【C】

3. 【译文】本次展览与西班牙马德里雷纳索非亚国家博物馆密切合作展出了萨尔瓦多.达利的精品之作，以及来自于圣彼得堡萨尔瓦多.达利博物馆等其它机构提供的艺术作品。 【A】

4. 【译文】多年来，法国生活方式的变化（如：工作时间的延长，快餐业的繁荣以及年青一代渴望在家多呆些时间等）让巴黎的咖啡馆深受其害。【A】

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5. 【译文】根据UCAS提供的大学入学统计数据，今年被各地的高等教育机构接收的25,310位学生已把他们的入学时间推迟到了明年。选择间隔年的学生增加了14.7%. 【C】

6. 【译文】新生现在已意识到大学毕业他们很能负债高达15,000英镑，所以越来越多的学生选择间隔年挣钱维持学业并获得学位，这并不足为奇。NUS数据显示，超过40%的学生在学期期间被迫工作，而假期期间这一数字要达到90%. 【C】

7. 【译文】竞赛是激烈的。主要奖品是一块重达大约四公斤完整斯蒂尔顿奶酪，（虽然让人有点失望但可以理解这些在比赛中使用的奶酪都是木制的）。 8. 【译文】一位佩有望远镜观鸟者发现了宠物狗Judy蹲在岩石上，显得很绝望的样子。就在他发出警报同时，一位来自利兹的学生爬下悬崖把Judy弄了回来。【A】

9. 【译文】这儿的几处狩猎营地可作为本次历险的大本营，它为使游客深入三角洲腹地提供了每天两次的独特骑马经历。这些营地还拥有优质的马匹，专业的向导以及提供辅助服务的员工。它们享有为游客提供美妙骑马经历的美誉。【C】

10. 【译文】当吉罗斯听说尼格拉斯令人惊叹的行为后，他极为震撼于他的成功求生，因为他比任何人都清楚尼格拉斯需要费多大的劲去求生。【A】 11. 【译文】建筑师迪多克的杰作，Hilversum的市政大厅建于1928-1931年间。它闻名于世并被收录到建筑学教科书里。【C】

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