专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷132 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
听力原文： Types of Language Testing Good morning, everyone. Today, we’ll talk about the language tests. As we know, the testing history in the world can be traced back to nearly two thousand years ago. And in today’s lecture, I’d like to mainly discuss the different types of language testing. The first one is a placement test, which is designed to sort new students into teaching groups, so that they can start a course at approximately the same level as the other students in the class. It is concerned with the student’s present standing, and so relates to general ability rather than specific points of learning. As a rule, the results are needed quickly so that teaching may begin. A variety of tests is necessary because a range of different activities is more likely to give an accurate overall picture of a student’s level than a single assessment. Sometimes one member of staff sees each student individually before the final class allocation is made. This procedure has several advantages. It helps to complete the assessment for each individual student by disclosing factors which are not revealed by the written tests, either positive ones such as a friendly, outgoing character or a higher level of production than a writing test suggests, or negative ones such as a slight stammer or more than average shyness. Perhaps the greatest advantage of the interview is that there is now the opportunity to assess both oral production(the ability to make English sounds)and fluency(the ability to sound English in a social situation)at one and the same time. Secondly, let us look at diagnostic tests. This test, sometimes called a formative or progress test checks on student’s progress in learning particular elements of the course. It is used, for example, at the end of a unit in the course book or after a lesson designed to teach one particular point. These tests can take the form of an extension of the lesson from a practice phase into an assessment phase. They can provide information about progress which may be used systematically for remedial work. The diagnostic test tries to answer the question “How well have the students learned this particular material?” If his learning has been successful, the results will give a considerable lift to the student’s morale and he is likely to approach the next learning tasks with fresh enthusiasm. If he finds he has not mastered the point at issue, the test should give him clear indication of how he falls short, so that he can do some useful revision. Next,
achievement test. An achievement test, also called an attainment test, looks back over a longer period of learning than the diagnostic test, for example a year’s work, or a whole course, or even a variety of different courses. It is intended to show the standard which the students have now reached in relation to other students at the same stage. This standard may be established for a country, as with school-leaving certificates: or it may relate to an individual school or group of schools which issues certificates to students attending courses. But the important point which is common to all these situations is that the standard remains constant as far as possible from course to course and from year to year and is external to the individual class or textbook. Lastly, proficiency. The aim of a proficiency test is to assess the student’s ability to apply in actual situations what he has learnt. It seeks to answer the question: “Having learnt this much, what can the student do with it?” This type of test is not usually related to any particular course because it is concerned with the student’s current standing in relation to his future needs. Efforts must be made to use in the tests the kind of language which actually occurs in the situation the student will meet. For example, a test which sets out to assess the proficiency of a student hoping to follow a university course in an English-speaking country would need to take into account not only his level of skill in listening to lectures, but also his ability to take notes, to make full use of what is gained from the lecture in his subsequent writing. An important element in proficiency testing is to assess in some way the student’s ability to repair breakdowns in communication, by asking for a repetition or an explanation, for example, or by rephrasing what he has just tried to say. A rather typical example of a standardized proficiency test is the Test of English as a Foreign Language or TOEFL. It is used by nearly 1,000 institutions of higher education in the United States as an indicator of a prospective student’s ability to undertake academic work in English. The TOEFL consists of the following sections: —Listening Comprehension measures the ability to understand English as it is spoken in the United States. —Structure and Written Expression measures mastery of important structural and grammatical points in standard written English. —Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension tests the ability to understand the meanings and uses of words in written English as well as the ability to understand a variety of reading materials. Proficiency tests sometimes add sections that involve free writing and/or oral production. Lastly, I want to remind you that though it is convenient to say that the purpose of any test can be defined in this way, there are in practice several different purposes for every test. Now, to sum up, in today’s lecture, we have discussed some main types of language testing, namely, placement, diagnostic, achievement and proficiency. In our next lecture, we will take a look at the evolution of the language testing.
Types of Language TestingI. Placement— sort new students into【T1】______【T1】______— test the student’s【T2】______rather than specific points of learning【T2】______— Interview as a good form of placement tests:-【T3】______ both positive and negative factors that【T3】______are not revealed by written tests- assess both【T4】______ and fluency【T4】______II. Diagnostic— also called【T5】______ or progress tests【T5】______— check student’s progress after learning【T6】______
【T6】______— the results【T7】______ those learning well, meanwhile,【T7】______give feedback to those notIII.【T8】______【T8】______— also called【T9】______【T9】______— examine a longer period of learning than diagnostic tests— determine which level a student lies with【T10】______ standard【T10】______IV. Proficiency— assess the student’s ability in【T11】______【T11】______— test student’s ability to repair【T12】______in communication【T12】______— An example of proficiency test:【T13】______【T13】______-【T14】______: to measure the ability to understand English【T14】______as it is spoken in US- Structure and Written Expression: to examine the knowledge ofstructural and【T15】______points in standard written English【T15】______- Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension: to test the ability to understand a variety of reading materials
1． 【T1】
正确答案：teaching groups
解析：讲座的主题是“types of language testing(语言测试的类别)”。其中，第一种是安置性测试(placement tests)，即把新生分为不同的教学组(sort new students into teaching groups)。此处填入原文原词teaching groups。 知识模块：听力
2． 【T2】
正确答案：general ability 解析：安置性测试关注的是学生目前的状况，看综合能力而不是看具体的知识点。此处填入原文出现的general ability“综合能力”。 知识模块：听力
3． 【T3】
正确答案：disclose
解析：讲座提到，有的教员在期末考试之前单独会见每个学生，这有助于通过发现笔试所发现不了的因素来完整评估每个学生。在原文中出现的单词是disclosing，但根据题目，每个小点的动词用的都是原形。故此处填入动词原形disclose。 知识模块：听力
4． 【T4】
正确答案：oral production
解析：这里填入的内容表示访问的好处。讲座谈到，访问的好处是有机会评估话语产出和流利程度。由于空格后已给出了fluency，故填入oral production。 知识模块：听力
5． 【T5】
正确答案：formative
解析：说到诊断性测试(diagnostic test)的时候，讲座说，该测试有时被称为影响发展的或进步的测试(formative or progress test)。题目已经给出了progress，此处应填入formative。 知识模块：听力
6． 【T6】
正确答案：a／one particular point
解析：讲座提到，诊断性测试是为了在讲完某个特别点之后进行检测。故填入a／one particular point。 知识模块：听力
7． 【T7】
正确答案：encourage 解析：演讲人说，如果学生的学习是成功的，测试结果会大大提升他的士气、让他充满热情地去开始下一个学习任务。也就是说，测试结果能够鼓励成绩好的学生。此处应填入encourage。这道题无法直接从原文获得答案，需要根据笔记的内容进行总结。 知识模块：听力
8． 【T8】
正确答案：Achievement
解析：讲座接下来提到的是成绩测试(achievement tests)。根据题目，此处应填入Achievement，注意A要大写。 知识模块：听力
9． 【T9】
正确答案：an attainment test／／attainment tests
解析：讲座提到，成绩测试也叫an attainment test，故填入an attainment test或attainment tests都可以。 知识模块：听力
10． 【T10】
正确答案：constant
解析：讲座提到，最重要的是该标准尽可能地在不同课程、年复一年的过程中都保持不变(standard remains constant)，并且延伸到个人课堂或者教科书中。此处填入原文出现的constant。 知识模块：听力
11． 【T11】
正确答案：actual situations
解析：讲座还说到熟练程度测(proficiency)。这种测试的目的是评估学生把所学知识应用到实际情况中的能力。此处填入原文出现的actual situations“实际情况”。 知识模块：听力
12． 【T12】
正确答案：breakdowns 解析：熟练程度测试还有另一个重要因素，就是用某些方法来评估学生修复沟通失败的能力，比如：通过要求重复、解释，或者通过更换措辞重新讲述自己刚刚试图表达的话。此处填入原文出现的breakdowns“(沟通)失败”。 知识模块：听力
13． 【T13】
正确答案：TOEFL
解析：讲座提到，一个标准化流利程度的测试叫做托福，即TOEFL。注意该词的拼写。 知识模块：听力
14． 【T14】
正确答案：Listening Comprehension
解析：讲座提到，听力理解是对美国人所说的英语的理解能力。这里缺少Listening Comprehension。根据题目设置形式，L和C都要大写。 知识模块：听力
15． 【T15】
正确答案：grammatical 解析：讲座提到，结构和写作表达衡量的是对标准英语写作中重要的结构点与语法点的掌握。此处应填入原文出现的grammatical“语法的”。 知识模块：听力
SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A] , [B] , [C] and [D] , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.
听力原文：M: Well, we have Alex Winston in the studio today. Hi, Alex.W: Nice to see you.M: How old are you?W: I am 23, but for some reason everyone thinks I’m 19. I don’t know who started that rumor, but I’m 23.M: I’ve seen on a lot of posts that you’re 19!W: I mean, the thing is, most people would probably be excited about that, but I’m really okay with my age. I’m like... can you guys get it right? I’m 23. I never want to re-live those teenage years. I’m totally content being 23.M: How did you start out performing?W: Well, I feel like I’ve been doing it my entire life. I started taking
music lessons and singing when I was about ten. I started bands at a pretty young age and played with my friends back in Detroit. I’ve always known that I wanted to do this. It was all I was ever interested in doing. I never had, outside of music, any extracurricular activities that I took part in. M: Are... are you a classically-trained opera singer?W: I guess. I took opera lessons. I can’t read music to save my life, but I would just copy and get away with it. I think that they thought I could read music, but I can’t. I would just listen. I did that for about ten years. I would listen to my teacher and the melodies. She would sing it It was really me just mimicking. That’s one of the reasons I decided I didn’t want to do that anymore. I felt that I really couldn’t be creative with opera You’re supposed to sound this way here. You’re supposed to crescendo here. You’re supposed to do that. I had no sense of identity while singing that kind of music.M: Who and what are some of your influences?W: Well, really all over the place. Detroit, definitely because of Motown and Stooges. When you come from a place like Detroit, you’re really proud of what you have there. I grew up listening to a lot of that stuff, but also early rock-and-roll like Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Elvis. I feel like as I grew older, I’ve been working with different musicians, people that are constantly showing me different things. One of my old bandmates was really into metal and ‘80s rock, so I really got into that, too. I also love country, folk, and strong female voices, like Alison Krauss, Dolly Parton, PJ Harvey, and Kate Bush.1. What does Alex Winston think of her age?2. Why did Alex Winston say she feels like she’s been doing performing her entire life?3. What is the reason for Alex Winston to quit opera?4. According to Alex Winston, what can we learn about Detroit?5. What do we learn from the interview?
16．
A．She desires to look younger.
B．She is excited that she looks mature. C．She doesn’t have a problem with her age.
D．She wishes she could go back to her teenage years.
正确答案：C
解析：访谈从年龄话题开始。对于外界说她19岁的传言，女士一再强调她已经23岁了，不想重新过一遍那些青春期的时光，而且她很满意自己的年龄。故C项的表述是正确的。 知识模块：听力
17．
A．She started singing opera at a pretty young age. B．She played music with friends in Detroit. C．Besides music, she had no extra activities. D．She’s been taking music lessons until now.
正确答案：C
解析：访谈中，Alex说她觉得自己一生都在演出。这可以从她随后的话语中得到诠释，她谈到，除了音乐，她从没有参加过其他的活动。因此选择C项。 知识模块：听力
18．
A．Lack of identity. B．Inability to mimic. C．Lack of interest.
D．Inability to write music.
正确答案：A
解析：在谈到歌剧的时候，女士坦言她不喜欢歌剧这种无法再创新的东西，这让她在演唱时觉得自己毫无个性。A是正确答案。 知识模块：听力
19．
A．It is the only birthplace of rock-and-roll. B．It is a place with lots of music talents.
C．It is the place where Alex started her debut show. D．It is like no other city in the world.
正确答案：B
解析：Alex非常热爱Detroit，并将其与很多音乐类型和音乐人联系在一起，可见有很多音乐人在Detroit。因此选择B项。 知识模块：听力
20．
A．Alex Winston was trying to cover her real age. B．Alex Winston started band at the age of 10. C．Alex Winston couldn’t read music.
D．Alex Winston likes all kind of music but folk.
正确答案：C
解析：Alex在谈到她退出歌剧学习的时候提到她无法read music，由此可见C项是正确的。其他选项都是利用访谈出现的个别词语拼凑的干扰项。 知识模块：听力
听力原文：M: I was trying to think of comparisons, but I was having a really hard time because your voice is so different. I could definitely see a lot of that in your music. I couldn’t really define it, which is cool because it’s so hard to find something so original.W: That makes me really happy, because it seems like everybody wants to do this comparison game. Just because I’m a young girl that makes somewhat “left-of-center” pop music, they want to tell you that you’re like this person instead of taking it for what it is.M: Which artists have you had a great experience touring with?W: I hate saying I’m a new musician, because I’ve been doing this forever, but they like to put new musicians on a lot of weird bills. I’ve toured with Freelance Whales and Ted Nugent: the spectrum is that crazy. I’d say opening for Chuck Berry was such an important night for me. Anyone that I’ve ever wanted to share the stage with, he’s in my top five. That was really cool. I just felt like, where am I supposed to
go from here—I played with one of my idols. It’s just impressive to me that he is still doing what he does. He’s been playing since ‘50s. He just puts on such a good show. Even if he messes up a few chords, I mean, come on! It’s Chuck Berry!M: What was the most meaningful song to you on Sister Wife?W: I think the most heartfelt real song on that album was “Don’t Care About Anything.” It’s the only song I’ve ever written with just a guitar and singing. Obviously, you’ve spent some time in New York. I moved there and it was a bit much. It was a bit oveirwhelming for me. I didn’t want to go out I just felt a little homesick I was just waiting to feel excited about something. I went through a phase of feeling kind of dull. It’s really easy to shut off in New York and stay in your apartment.M: Why the name Sister Wife for your mini-LP?W: I call my backup singers my sister wives. To me, they are my best friends. We are all super close. It’s kind of like the closest relationship you can have without being blood related, to me. It’s a joke that they’re sister wives—obviously, we’re not polygamists.6. What does the host think Alex Winston is marked by?7. According to Alex Winston, what do we know about Chunk Berry?8. What happened to Alex Winston when she was in New York?9. What is Sister Wife?10. What is the man’s focus in the last part of the interview?
21．
A．Her different style. B．Her distinctive voice. C．Her young age. D．Her cool music.
正确答案：B
解析：主持人说他试着将Alex与其他歌手进行比较，却发现根本没有可比性。因为女士的声音太独特了。故答案为B项。 知识模块：听力
22．
A．He hates people say he’s a new musician. B．He is one of the greatest artists in Alex’s list. C．He was a great rock star in 1980s. D．He shared the stage with everybody.
正确答案：B
解析：在访谈中不难发现，Alex非常喜欢Chunk Berry，曾作为Chunk Berry的开场嘉宾让她非常自豪。在所有想要同台演出的歌手中，Chunk Berry是Alex心中的前五名。可见B项的表述正确。 知识模块：听力
23．
A．She was terribly sick.
B．She wrote songs with a guitar. C．She felt excited about everything. D．She went through a tedious time.
正确答案：D
解析：在谈到Sister Wife这张专辑时，女士谈到了她在纽约的生活状态：懒得出门、想家、想找点刺激的事、觉得无聊。可见D项符合问题。至于B“她用吉他写了一些歌”在对话中无法得知，因为女士只说了她用吉他写了一首歌，并且也无法判断这首歌是否是她在纽约时所写。 知识模块：听力
24．
A．It is a heartfelt real song. B．It is a song album. C．It is a music band. D．It is a vocal song.
正确答案：B
解析：在谈到Sister Wife时，主持人问里面意义最重大的歌是那一首时，Alex说这张专辑里……，可见Sister Wife是一张专辑的名字。选B项。 知识模块：听力
25．
A．Alex’s music tour. B．Alex’s performing. C．Alex’s unique voice. D．Alex’s new album.
正确答案：D
解析：在这部分访谈的最后，主持人都是围绕着Alex的专辑Sister Wife开展话题，并没有谈到音乐巡演、表演以及独特的声线等方面。故选D项。 知识模块：听力
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