目标认知：
从近年来的书面表达测试题来看，中考试题设计无论怎么变化，内容无论涉及什么话题，就其要表达的内容所需要的句子都是我们初中阶段的一些重点句子，只要同学们掌握了这些句子，做书面表达题就要顺利多了。针对不同话题的书面表达题，掌握并灵活运用一些与话题相对应的基本句子会很有用。本文对一些常见话题所用到的基本句型作了一些梳理和归纳，并对同学们在做书面表达时经常出现的错误句子进行解析，对基本句型的运用作些说明，以方便同学们复习。
精讲巧练
Ⅰ. 个人情况介绍： 常用句子举例：
有关个人情况介绍的书面表达题一般需要描述人物的外貌、性格、爱好、对某事的观点等的句子。 1. I’m a girl of 15. I’m from/ come from ... 2. I am tall/ short. I have long / short hair.
3. I am quiet/ more outgoing than the other boys in my class. 4. I have long/ short curly/ straight hair.
5. I have a big/ small mouth/ nose. / big/ small eyes.
6. I’m a tall boy/ girl with big eyes/ with a round face and black hair. 7. I am very clever and diligent.
8. I can speak English/ French/ Chinese and a little Japanese.
9. My favorite color/ sports/ subject/ food/ teacher/ is „, because ... 10. I often wear a pair of glasses.
注意：
下面两个错句是最易出现的：
He can speak English and a few Chinese. （Chinese是不可数名词，用a little修饰） I/ We favorite subject is English. （受汉语影响，应该是My或Our）
随时练：
假设你是Betty，请你写一个邮件向新笔友Sarah介绍一下你的情况。包括姓名、性别、年龄、国家、所说语言、喜欢的东西（包括食物、科目、动物）等以及原因。词数60左右。
【答案与解析】
电子邮件的基本格式一般都会给出，如果不给出的话，要注意。 Dear Sarah,
My name is Betty. I am a girl of fifteen. I am from England. I can speak English and a little Chinese. My favorite food is bread, because it is very delicious. I like English and PE best of all subjects, because they are very interesting. My favorite animals are pandas. They are too cute. I want to be a reporter. Can you write something about yourself to me soon?
Yours, Betty
Ⅱ. 家庭成员、朋友或周围人的情况介绍： 常用句子举例：
1. This is my father/ mother/ brother/ sister/ friend/ uncle/ teacher.
2. They are my parents/ my father and mother/ my grandfather and grandmother. 3. She/ He looks young/ old.
4. She/ He is tall/ short/heavy / thin.
5. He/ She has long/ short curly/ straight hair. 6. He/ She lives in Shanghai.
7. He/She likes /doesn’t like/ dislikes apples/ bananas (watching TV/ walking). 8. He is a policeman/ worker/ ... 注意：
可能的错误表达：
1. This is my father and mother. He is my father and mother. （注意应用复数） 2. He is look young/ old. （look是动词，应用looks） 3. He/ She look young/ old/ beautiful. （同上）
4. He is long hair. He has shot/ fat. （受汉语影响，前句用has，后接名词；后句用is，后接形 容词） 随时练：
请写一个片段：
你的朋友田甜准备去英国，请你把她的基本情况介绍给你的笔友Rita，希望他们成为朋友，并希望Rita能够去飞机场接她。
提示：介绍田甜的年龄、外貌、性格和爱好......
【答案与解析】
介绍他人一定注意单数第三人称及必要的客套话。 Dear Rita,
How is everything going? I’d like to introduce my best friend, Tian Tian to you. She is a lovely girl with a round face and big eye. She is very kind and easy to get along with. She likes reading and is especially good at playing the piano. Her favorite subjects are physics and chemistry. ….
Ⅲ. 周围的环境 常用句子举例：
1. We must pay more attention to our environment around us. 2. The environment around us is becoming worse and worse. 3. A lot of rivers and lakes are polluted by people.
4. We saw many people throw waste paper everywhere and pour dirty water into the river or lake around us.
5. Everyone should make contribution to protecting the environment around us. 6. We should try our best to make our environment more and more beautiful. 7. It’s our duty to take good of our environment.
8. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become more and more beautiful.
9. Something must be done to stop polluting our earth --- our only home. 10. More trees must be planted.
11. We shouldn’t throw rubbish about/ pick up flowers.
12. We should stop supermarkets from providing free plastic bags. 13. It’s harmful for our health.
注意：
1. 不能用more and more clean，应该用cleaner and cleaner 2. 此话题经常用被动语态，注意被动语态的构成。
随时练：
假如你是你们城市晚报的小记者，星期天和同学们一起参加“环保小卫士”活动。请你根据下面的信息把当天的活动写成日记发表在你们的校园网，倡导同学们关心周围的环境。 时间 星期天 上午8:00 地点 人民公园
交通方式 公交车 发现 儿童爬树、地上有垃圾 活动 捡垃圾、植树 感想 保护环境，人人有责
【答案与解析】
写过去的活动，要注意一般过去时的运用。
Sunday Sunny I took part in the “Environment Protector” activity with my classmates today. In the morning, we went the People’s Park by bus. When we got there, we found that some children were climbing the trees. There was a lot of rubbish here and there. We advised the children not to climb the trees, and their faces turned red. Then we began to pick up rubbish. We also planted a lot of trees.
It’s our duty to take good of our environment. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become more and more beautiful.
Ⅳ. 学习和生活 常用句子举例：
1. I usually get up at six in the morning.
2. I have breakfast with my parents at home every day. 3. My sister often goes to school by bike/ on foot. 4. We usually go to school at seven in the morning. 5. We have a lot of classes every day.
We have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.
6. I am doing my homework now. My brother isn’t doing his homework. He is watching TV. 7. I like the teachers who are very friendly to us.
8. Would you mind opening the door for me? Could you please turn down your radio? 9. We had/ are going to have an exam yesterday/ tomorrow. 10. I got up late last morning and was late for school. 注意：
在写关于学生的学习和生活方面的短文时，根据情景用对时态，如：I am doing my homework. 不能忘掉am或者doing不加ing。再如：描述过去的生活片段，就要用一般过去时或有时可能用现在完成时。
随时练：
把下列的句子翻译成英语。 1. 许多学生在学校做作业。
2. 星期五我们上午只有三节课，下午没有课。 3. 我到的时候，男孩子在看电视，女孩子在画画。 4. 你能给我们讲故事吗？ 5. 他问我：“我在这里吸烟你介意吗？”
【答案与解析】
1. Many students do their homework at school.
2. On Friday, we have three classes in the morning, and have no classes in the afternoon. 3. When I got there, the boys were watching TV and girls were drawing. 4. Could you please tell us some stories?
5. “Would you mind my smoking here?” he asked me.
Ⅴ. 假期和旅游： 常用句子举例：
1. We had a busy/ great/ wonderful/ terrible vacation last month. 2. We went to Qinghai for our summer vacation last year. 3. My father is going to New York for vacation next month. 4. They spent their vacation with their friends last week. 5. We want to go somewhere warm for our vacation. 6. Spring Festival is the most important holiday in China.
7. During the holiday, we are planning to climb the mountain and learn swimming. 8. We are going to visit the Great Wall and Summer Palace next vacation. 9. We enjoyed ourselves/ had a good time there. We had fun doing ...
随时练：
请以“游长城”为题写一个短文片段，字数80左右。 内容要点：
1. 昨天是儿童节，我和同学们登上长城。
2. 起床很早，乘公共汽车去长城，路上看到许多高楼大厦。 3. ... 看到长城时的反应... 4. 游览后的感想。
【答案与解析】
„ My classmate and I visited the Great Wall. We got up early and took a bus to the Great Wall. On the way there, we saw many high buildings first and then a lot of trees and hills. When we saw the Great Wall, we couldn’t help crying with a joy, “What a great sight!” … We feel very proud to have been to the Great Wall.
Ⅵ. 兴趣和爱好 常用句子举例：
1. My/ Your/ His/Her favorite sports/ color/ movie is/are _______.
2. I like/ enjoy playing the guitar/ piano/ violin. I like/ love to play computer games. 3. My sister likes playing soccer/ basketball/ volleyball.
4. He prefers staying at home and watching TV to going out for a walk. 5. The girl likes music that she can dance to/ sing along with. 6. We prefer musicians that can write their own songs. 7. I have been collecting stamps since I came to this school. 8. I think comic is very interesting so I like it very much.
9. You asked me what I think of the book. I think it very interesting. 10. I am interested in science/ watching TV. 注意：
1. 使用prefer to组成句子，注意动词的形式，不能出现prefer reading books to watch TV这种错 误。
2. 要注意enjoy的后面用动名词作宾语。
随时练：
把下列的句子翻译成英语。
1. 我喜欢看电视，但我今天不喜欢电视剧。 2. 我弟弟对电脑游戏非常感兴趣。
3. 我喜欢听一些我能够随着一起唱的歌曲。 4. 我妈妈一点也不喜欢动作片。
5. 我讨厌每天做作业。
6. 我喜欢能自己写歌曲的歌手。
【答案与解析】
1. I like watching TV, but I don’t like to watch TV plays. 2. My brother is interested in playing computer games.
3. I like / enjoy listening to the music that I can sing along with. 4. My mother doesn’t like action movies at all. 5. I hate/ dislike doing a lot of homework every day. 6. I like the singers who can write the music themselves.
Ⅶ．允许和禁止： 常用句子举例：
1. We can see a “No Littering” on the wall.
2. You had better do/ not do your homework today.
3. You can go to your grandparents with your father now.
4. You are allowed to choose your own clothes if you do well in your study. 5. The boy can be allowed to play computer games one hour a week at home. 6. Students can’t be allowed to play soccer in their classroom. 7. Don’t take any food to your classroom. / Stop doing...
8. You must hand in your homework before you go home after school. 9. You have to do your work again.
10. Something must be done to stop boys doing that again.
11. You’re supposed to wear your school uniform in the school. 12. I don’t think what you did is right since you are a student.
随时练：
请你写一篇短文片段，介绍一下你的班级、学校或者你家庭的规章制度。
【答案与解析】
内容要点：允许做什么和禁止做什么。
In our classroom, you can do your homework，but you can’t play soccer. You must keep quiet instead of speaking or singing loudly. You had better put away your books after using them in order to keep the desks neat. You had better not take any food or drinks to it. Students can’t be allowed to get ears pierced in our school. Are you sure to remember all the rules?
Ⅷ. 人际关系 常用句子举例：
1. I bought some flowers with my pocket money for my mother on her birthday. 2. We often help my parents do housework when I am free.
3. You are supposed to shake hands when you first meet in China.
4. Tom invited some of his classmates to the Christmas party in his house. 5. Our teacher said you were hard-working last term.
6. I think you need to discuss/ talk with your parents about your problems at school. 7. We can help each other/ We can learn to listen to others and how to work together. 8. How are you getting on with your friends/ parents?
9. I promised to help her do some housework from today on. 10. Thank you for help me do...
注意：
help后要用with＋名词或用动词不定式，也可用动词原形。
随时练：
把下列的句子翻译成英语
1. 你应该尽你最大努力去帮助你的朋友。 2. 我们昨天和老师一起去爬山。
3. 你妈妈说她的自行车昨天被人偷了。
4. 我想和你在一起踢足球，周日下午怎么样？ 5. 我与山区的学生相处得很好。
【答案与解析】
1. You are supposed to help your friends as much as you can./ as much as possible. 2. We climbed the mountain with our teachers.
3. Your mother said that her bike was stolen last night.
4. I’d like to play soccer with you. What about Sunday afternoon? 5. I am getting well on with the students in the village.
Ⅸ：计划和愿望 常用句子举例：
1. What do you want to be? I want to be a teacher/ an actor.
2. What are you going to be when you grow up? I am going to be a computer programmer. 3. What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to do my homework.
4. My brother is going to study Chinese medicine in the university in the future. 5. We will take your brother to your grandparents tomorrow.
6. You should wear your cool pants at your birthday party tomorrow. 7. I’d like to make a phone call to my parents after class. 8. I plan to spend my summer vacation in Hang Zhou. 9. I hope to find a pen pal in England.
10. My dream is to be a manager when I grow up. 注意：
关于计划和愿望话题的书面表达句子用一般将来时。特别注意hope和plan的后面用动词不定式表示打算和计划。
随时练：
丰富多彩的暑假生活下周要开始了，你打算和你的朋友一起去旅游。假设你是马琳，请通过e-mail邀请你的朋友张朋一起去旅游。
【答案与解析】
提示：向他发出邀请，介绍你的计划（内容、目的、出发的时间和地点），提醒准备的东西。 Dear Zhang Peng,
I hope everything goes well with you. Some of my classmates are planning to ride to the mountains around our town. Will you come with us?
We will start at 8:00 next Sunday morning. If you go with us, we will wait for you at 7: 30 at our school gate. Please get everything ready for it, like sunglasses, sports shoes, food and drinks. We will have a picnic in the mountain. „.
Ⅹ. 饮食和就餐
常用句子举例：
1. I’d like a large bowl of noodles for breakfast. 2. They would like some beef and tomato noodles.
3. Some children don’t like vegetables and hardly eat any vegetables. 4. We want to order some dumplings and some eggs please. 5. My father likes eating fish and bread for lunch. 6. We often have some bread for breakfast. 7. He went to school without breakfast.
8. We should eat more healthy food, like vegetables and fruit. / It’s necessary to get enough ...
9. Thank you very much for severing us so delicious food at your home.
随时练：
根据汉语完成句子
1. 我的妈妈早饭喜欢吃一些水饺和面包。 2. 咱们今天晚上外出吃晚饭怎么样？ 3. 中秋节我们总是吃月饼。
4. 非常感谢你为我们提供的美味可口的午饭。 5. 我想要一大碗牛肉和土豆的水饺。
【答案与解析】
1. My mother likes eating some dumplings and bread for breakfast. 2. What about going out to have dinner tonight?
3. We always have/ eat mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Day.
4. Thanks a lot for giving us something delicious to eat for the lunch. 5. I would like a large bowl of beef and potato dumplings.
Ⅺ. 天气与健康 常用句子举例：
1. It was very cold/ hot/ cool/ warm that day. 2. The weather is much better today.
3. I like spring best of all because it is often warm and sunny. 4. It is much colder in our city than that in your city. 5. I had a headache/ toothache/ cold/ fever last week.
6. Don’t worry. It’s nothing serious. You just have a cold. 7. I don’t feel well today. I feel terrible/ well today.
8. The doctor told me to drink more water and take the medicine three times a day. 9. I hope you will be better soon.
10. You’d better stay in bed for two days and drink some hot water. 11. Don’t eat too much fat, such as cheese, butter or anything too fatty. 12. Too much sweet can be bad for your teeth. 13. Doing exercise is a good way to keep healthy. 14. We should have enough sleep. 15. You’d better not stay up too late.
随时练：
人人都想有一个健康的身体。那么怎么才能保持健康.请你写一个片段,告诉人们保持身体健康的方法。
【答案与解析】 提示：
注意预防疾病，如果感觉身体不舒服，就及时治疗。
不喝生水，不喝被污染的水，不吃被污染和变质的食品，不吃长时间存放的食品。 Every one of us wants to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy?
First, pay attention to the disease all the time. If you don’t feel well, go to see the doctor at once.
Secondly, don’t drink water that is not clean or not boiled, because the dirty water can carry the disease easily.
Third, do not eat food that is polluted or has been kept for a long time„.
Ⅻ．娱乐和体育 常用句子举例：
1. I like the movie that is interesting.
2. My brother likes action movie, but I like thrillers.
3. We often have an English party during the Spring Festival. 4. We usually go to movies three times a month.
5. My grandfather enjoys listening to Beijing Opera very much. 6. Many boys like playing soccer but girls like singing and dancing. 7. I often run for an hour after I get up every morning.
8. My favorite sport player is Guo Jingjing. She is a beautiful player. 9. Our PE teacher plays basketball very well. We often play with him. 10. China has held the Olympic Games successfully. 11. Music often makes me happy. 注意：
play basketball/ soccer的中间不用定冠词the；而play the piano等表示演奏乐器的短语中，却必须用the。表示看电影用go to movies。
随时练：
最近校园里出现了可喜的变化；运动时间延长了，运动项目增加了，学生的身体素质增强了，校园生活丰富了。请以Sports in Our School为题写个片段描述一下学校的体育活动的变化。
【答案与解析】
提示：time for sports，kinds of sports，change of students Sports in our school has changed a lot. „
Now we have more than three PE classes a week. We have at least one hour to exercise every day. Students get so excited at these changes, more and more students take an active part in ball games, running and jumping on the playground. „
Doing exercise is a good way to relax and keep fit.
XIII. 科技和科普 常用句子举例：
1. People will have a robot in 100 years.
2. We won’t use money to buy things in the shop in twenty years.
3. Students won’t go to school because they study at home with the help of the Internet. 4. Each student will have only one book in their school bag in the future. It is an e-book.
5. Some scientists are trying to find something about the UFO. 6. I was walking in the street when the UFO arrived.
7. The telephone was invented in 1876.
8. People will build their house in the sea world one day.
9. When I’m free, I often surf the Internet to enjoy the music and get some information about it.
10. The computer/ telephone have brought a lot of changes to our life. 注意：
表达科技和科普方面的句子，如果是没有发生的即科技幻想用一般将来时，如果讨论过去的科技用一般过去时，如果句子的主语和谓语动词是被动关系用被动语态。
随时练：
Tom看到了CCTV.关于中国载人宇宙飞船成功在太空遨游并顺利返回的报道，给他的父亲发了一封电子邮件，他说他非常崇拜中国的宇航员，并告诉他父亲中国在不久将来一定会实现遨游月宫的梦想。
【答案与解析】
注意时态的选择，叙述过去的事件用一般过去时，有时需要用现在完成时强调事件的对现在的影响，表示自己的梦想要用一般将来时或能够表示将来的表示法。 Dear Dad,
I am too excited to sleep now though it is twelve o’clock at night. I was watching TV just now. „
China has sent up another spaceship called Shenzhou VII. This time, they sent three men into the space. To my surprise, one of them could come out of the space and walk in the space. All the Chinese were very excited because their dream of walking in the space has come true.
I am proud of them. I also believe their next dream--- traveling on the moon is sure to come true before long.
XIV．常用书信用语：
1. My parents and I are very happy to have you with us. 2. Now let me tell you what we can do in Beijing. 3. I’m afraid I can’t go to your party because „
4. I’d like to say something about the pollution and I hope something can be done to deal with the problem.
5. I’m going to have a birthday party. Would you come to my house at 5 p.m. of January 15?
6. Thank you for letting me stay with you during my holiday.
7. I’m glad you’re coming to join us on Sunday. Here is how you can find us.
8. I’m sorry to know you’re not happy in your new school. I advise you „/ I suggest „ 随时练：
假如你是Zhang Feng，从邮件中知道你的网友Lin Yang因为喜欢电影明星Tom Cruise，无心学习，面对期末考试压力很大，不知如何把心情转入学习，针对她的困惑，回复邮件，谈谈你的想法，提出建议。 【答案与解析】
1. 表示安慰理解。2. 提出自己的看法 3. 提出建议：告诉父母；做一些运动。 Hi Lin Yang,
Nice to hear from you. Everyone has his favourite stars and there is nothing wrong with that. I understand you. But I don’t think you’re right, because we have more important things to do. We have our own life. Stop thinking of Tom Cruise and watching his film again and again. Try to have some sports. You can talk with your parents about your feeling and let your parents help you to turn your attention to your lessons. After all, the final exam is coming. Our future is in our own hands.
Yours, Zhang Feng
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