[全]英语四六级-真题长难句分析详解

Round 1----真题长句

More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple’s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. (2019.06第一套阅读Section B)

【释义】除了无人机在你家门口投放新的内衣外，苹果成功的砖石与零售店以及亚马逊向同一方向迈出的小步，更应该让老式零售商彻夜难眠。

Round 2----生词速递

1. drone [droʊn] n. 嗡嗡声;持续低音(如风笛等发出的持续音);持续音音管(或弦等);雄蜂，（不劳动，依赖他人为生的）寄生虫；无人驾驶飞机

2. doorstep [ˈdɔːrstep] n. 门阶;(常用以做三明治的)厚面包片

3. underwear [ˈʌndərwer]n.内衣；衬衣

4. massively [ˈmæsɪvli] adv. 大量地；沉重地；庄严地 5. brick-and-mortar ][b'rɪk'ændm'ɔ:tər] adj. 实体的；具体的 6. retail [ˈriːteɪl , rɪˈteɪl] n.零售 7. old-fashioned [ˌoʊld ˈfæʃnd] adj.陈旧的;过时的;不时髦的;保守的;守旧的;迂腐的 8.keep sb awake 使某人保持清醒；使某人难以入睡 Round 3----长句“大解剖” ①More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, ②Apple’s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are③ what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. 本句是一个复合长句，可以分为三个部分理解： ①是由more than构成的短语，表示“不仅仅”，其中dropping是非谓语; 句 ② 主语是Apple’s retail stores和Amazon’s small steps，massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass修饰Apple’s retail stores，in the same direction作后置定语修饰Amazon’s small steps；句 ③充当句 ②的表语，是表语从句。 Round 1----真题长句

Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organization guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died prematurely from outdoor pollution. (2019. 阅读. 1. Text 1)

【释义】全球80%以上城市人口呼吸的空气不符合世界卫生组织标准，2015年约有450万人因室外空气污染而过早死亡。

Round 2----生词速递

urban [ˈɜːrbən] adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的

guideline [ˈɡaɪdlaɪn] n. 指导方针;指导原则;行动纲领;准则;参考

estimated [ˈestɪmeɪtɪd] adj.估计的，估算的

prematurely [ˌpriməˈtʃʊrli]adv.早熟地；过早地；提前地

fail to do sth 未能做某事

Round 3----长句“大解剖”

①Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air ②that fails to meet World Health Organization guidelines, and ③an estimated 4.5 million people died prematurely from outdoor pollution.

本句是一个复合句，可以分为三个部分理解：主句①是Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air; 句 ② that fails to meet World Health Organization guidelines是定语从句修饰air, that在从句中充当主语；最后，句 ③由and连接，是和句①并列的句子。

Round 1 ——真题长句

A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by

an instructor, leads you beyond classroom, beyond the texts for classes and into a process where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. (1994. 阅读. 1. Text 3)

【释义】导师在某门课程上布置研究论文，并在不同阶段进行检查，这能够使你的学习超越课堂，超越课本，进入到一个你能多次体会学习和发现的乐趣的过程。

Round 2—— 生词速递

1. assign [əˈsaɪn] v. 分配(某物);分派，布置(工作、任务等);指定;指派;委派;派遣

2. instructor [ɪnˈstrʌktər] n. 教练;导师;(大学)讲师

3. beyond [bɪˈjɑːnd] prep.在(或向)…较远的一边;晚于;迟于;超出;除…之外

Round 3—— 长句“大解剖”

①A research paper,②assigned in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor, ①leads you beyond classroom, beyond the texts for classes and into a process ③where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times.

本句是一个复合句，可以分为三个部分理解：主句①是A research paper leads you

beyond...,beyond...and into a process。谓语动词leads后有多个并列的介词短语。而②assigned in a course and checked at...instructor是过去分词作定语修饰a research paper,同时也是插入语；可以看作是省略了which are的定语从句。最后，在a process后有③where引导的定语从句修饰process。