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高考英语母题题源系列专题15完形填空(夹叙夹议)(含解

2021-03-26 来源:飒榕旅游知识分享网
母题十五完形填空

【母题来源】【2016·全国新课标II】 【母题原题】

【2016·全国新课标II】完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is. Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.

One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought. Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .

Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 ---her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 ---were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires. 21. A. accepted 22. A. came

B. noticed

C. heard

D. met

B. moved C. ran D. developed

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23. A. Thus B. Yet 24. A. rather B. also already

25. A. Telephone 26. A. direct

B. voice B. useful

C. Then C. just

D. Indeed

D.

C. connection C. easy

D. impression D. accurate D. on purpose

D.

27. A. in person 28. A. annoyed confused 29. A. promote 30. A. arrange book

B. by myself B. interested

C. in public

C. discouraged

B. train

C. find C. confirm

D. know

D.

B. postpone

31. A. for the first time B. at any time good time

32. A. expecting avoiding 33. A. shy forced

34. A. bill

B. form

B. comforting B. seeing

C. from time to time D. in

C. testing D.

C. familiar D.

C. ticket D. list

D.

35. A. hopefully regretfully

36. A. careful pleasant 37. A. amused speechless 38. A. calm

B. disappointedly C. gratefully

B. serious C. nervous D.

B. worried C. helpless D.

B. nice

C. proud D. clever

D.

39. A. forgiveness skillfulness

B. eagerness C. friendliness

40. A. explanation Behavior

B. attitude C. concept D.

【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C

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30. D

31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B

21.D 考查上下文串联。动词accept接受;notice注意;hear听说;听见;meet遇见;根据第一句可知很多人只是通过电话了解你,你们也许从来都没有见过面,只是通过电话交流。故D正确。

22.A 考查动词短语。动词move移动;run奔跑;develop发展,开发;短语come from来自于....;他们对你的了解来自于电话,因为你们之间的距离通常非常遥远,甚至在千里之外。,与BCD三项的动词语义不搭配。故A正确。

23.B 考查上下文串联。虽然你们之间的距离很远,但是他们只要通过你的声音,就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系,所以使用副词yet串联前后语义。故B正确。

24.C 考查副词辨析。副词rather相当地;also也;just只是;already已经;本句使用just表示强调,别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。

25.A 考查上下文串联。根据26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话,人们可以通过电话了解你。故A正确。

26.D 考查上下文串联。形容词direct直接的;useful有用的;easy容易的;accurate准确的;本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系,电话虽然很强大,但是也并不是很准确。与ABC三项语义不搭配。故D正确。

27.A 考查介词辨析。介词in person亲自,by myself靠自己;in public当众;on purpose故意地;A项与空前的faceless形成呼应,Rani是代理人,但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。

28.A 考查上下文串联。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠,和让我很不高兴,甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对他的声音很反感。故A正确。

29.C 考查上下文串联。动词promote提拔;train训练;find寻找,找到;know知道;正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服,所以我曾经想过另外找代理人取代他。故C正确。 30.D 考查动词辨析。动词arrange预定;postpone推迟;confirm确认;book预定;因为家

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庭中的紧急事情我要立刻预定回家的航班。动词book与flight相搭配。故D正确。 31.A 考查介词短语。短语for the first time第一次;at any time随时;from time to time时而不时;in good time及时,迅速;因为情况紧急,所以我第一次亲自来到Rani的办公室。故A正确。

32.B 考查动词辨析。动词expect期待,预料;see看见;test检测;avoid避免;她看到了我的着急,Rani非常同情我,给了我安慰的笑容。动词see与上下文搭配一致。

35.C 考查上下文串联。副词hopefully充满希望地;disappointedly感到失望地;gratefully感激地;regretfully遗憾地;对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来,而且一直面带微笑,这让我心存感激。故C项正确。

36.D 考查上下文串联。形容词careful细心的;serious严肃的,认真的;nervous紧张的;pleasant令人愉快的;现实生活中的Rani富有同情心,待人热情大方。是一个令人愉快的相处对象。所以当我转身时,看见的是与电话中完全不一样的Rani。故D项正确。

37.D 考查上下文串联。现实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方,而我之前却认为她很冷漠,甚至有了要另找代理的想法,我真是无话可说。说明电话中得到的印象有时很不准确。故D项正确。

【名师点睛】

本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力,且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多,有一半左右的答案可以在上下文中找到。如,根据第一段的描述,以及26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话,人们可以通过电话了解你。

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语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象,如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现,结构同现,同义同现,修饰同现,因果同现等。因此,利用上下文寻找解题信息,确定正确答案。如:

I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.

A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【分析】名词同现,空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。 考点:考查夹叙夹议类阅读

【命题意图】完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点,以篇章理解为基础,考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。

【考试方向】 这类试题在考查题型上,通常基本以记叙文和夹叙夹议类文章为主,文章词数250--300之间,有时兼顾说明文和议论文。

【得分要点】1 完形填空技法之首句理解

首句是了解文章全貌的窗口。一般来说,记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W(when,where,who,what),说明文类的文章的首句会解释要说明的对象,议论文类的文章的首句会提出一个论点。首句往往是整篇文章的统领句,概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。而且每段的首句通常有承上启下的作用,是文章发展过程中的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁,预测文章大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向,对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后,应快速阅读全文,确定文章的体裁、主旨和结构。

2 完形填空技法之行文逻辑

完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时,应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇,而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的,为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路,而且,这里往往包含主题句,为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。

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此外,完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章,各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系,因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索,搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时,考生首先要树立起语篇概念,抓住文章主题思想,理清其结构布局, 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系,利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括:并列关系(连接词有and,while等);转折关系(连接词有but,however,whereas,nevertheless等);因果关系(连接词有so,therefore,thus,because, for,since,as等);让步关系(连接词或短语有though,although,despite, in spite of等);条件关系(连接词或短语有if,unless, once,provided that,in case of等);解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.,that is to say, in other words等);顺序关系(连接词有before,after,and,first,second,then,next, finally等)。

4 完形填空技法之搭配习惯

英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现,完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候,在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上,利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时,充分考虑这些搭配关系,有助于我们做出正确选择。

【母题1】

【湖南省师大附中、长沙一中、长郡中学、雅礼中学2016届高三四校联考】完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I've always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed, but others hadtheir own ways of showing care.

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What I remember most about visiting my____41 parents is the loud tick of the 42 in the dining room as we 43 ate our meal. With so little conversation l wasquick to 44 his family as cold. When we got into the 45 to go home, his fathersuddenly appeared. 4 6 ,he began to wash his son's windscreen. I could feel he is a 47 man through the glass.

I 48 another lesson about love a few years later. I always return phone calls 49 and regularly contact my friends. I 50 the same from them. But I had onefriend wh0 5 1 Called, answering my messages with short e-mails. I rushed to the 52 :She wasn't a good friend! My anger 53 as the holidays approached. Butthen she came to a gathering I hosted and 54 me a beautiful dress I had fallen in

love with when we did some window-shopping the previous month.1 was 55 at herthoughtfulness, and regretful for 56 I'd considered her to be uncaring. Clearly Ineeded to 57 my expectations of friends.

Far too often, I ignored their unique 58 ,eagerly expecting them to do thingsin my 59 .Over the years, however, I've learned to 60 other persons' lovesigns.

41. A. own B. boyfriend's C. girlfriend's D. father's 42. A. clock B. table C. plates D. dishes 43. A. excitedly B. nervously C. silently D. instantly 44. A. regard B. treat C. get D. have 45. A. bus B. train C. car D. plane 46. A. Punctually B. Carefully C. Proudly D. Coldly 47. A. cold B. caring C. tough D. strange 48. A. understood B. learned C. taught D. tried

49. A. in order B.in turn C. without delay D. without difficulty 50. A. intend B. consider C. expect D. ask 51. A. regularly B. rarely C. even D. still 52. A. faith B. suggestion C. judgment D. approval 53. A. remained B. failed C. grew D. quit

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54. A. handed B. bought C. helped D. offered 55. A. depressed B. upset C. fascinated D. shocked 56. A. how B. what C .why D. whether 57. A. make B .change C. appreciate D. draw

58. A. expectations B. experiences C. adventures D. expressions 59. A. manners B. skill C. means D. way 60. A. send B. read C. give D. express 【答案】 41.B 42.A 43.C 44.A 45.C 46.B 47.B 48.B 49.C 50.C 51.B 52.C 53.C 54.A 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.D 60.B

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42.A考查名词。Clock钟表,table桌子,plate盘子,dish盘子,根据空格前关键词 tick(钟的嘀嗒声)可知选择A项。

43.C考查副词。Excitedly兴奋地,nervously紧张地,silently安静地,instantly立刻,根据下句With so little conversation没有交谈可知是很安静地吃饭,故选C项。 44.A考查动词。Regard…as…固定搭配,把……看作,当作,因为交流太少,作者很快就认为男朋友的家人比较冷漠。

45.C考查名词。根据下文he began to wash his son's windscreen他开始清扫儿子的(汽车)挡风玻璃,可知我们开车回家,故选C项。

46.B考查副词。Punctually准时地,Carefully认真地,Proudly骄傲地,Coldly冷酷地,能够改变作者看法的应该是认真地为儿子清扫挡风玻璃这个行为,故选B项。

47.B考查形容词。Cold冷酷的,caring有爱心的,tough坚强的,strange陌生的,通过清扫挡风玻璃这个行为,可以看出男朋友的父亲是有爱心的,即B选项。

48.B考查动词。Learn a lesson固定短语,吸取教训。文章第一段讲了从男朋友父母身上得到教训,第二段从朋友身上吸引教训,而不是教训别人,也不是懂得教训,故选B项。 49.C考查固定短语。in order 按顺序地,in turn轮流,without delay及时,without difficulty容易地,根据句意我总是及时地给朋友回电话,定期与朋友联系,可知选C项。 50.C考查动词。Intend打算,consider认为,expect期待,ask要求,我也期待我的朋友以同样的方式对待我,故选C项。

51.B考查副词。Regularly有规律地,rarely很少,even甚至,still仍然,根据关键词but可知,朋友没有像我期待的那样对待我,也就是不及时打电话,不定期联系,故选B项。 52.C考查名词。Faith信念,suggestion建议,judgment评价,approval 赞同,根据下一句“She wasn’t a good friend!”可知,这是作者对朋友作出的评价,而不是对朋友的信念、提议或赞同,故选C项。

53.C考查动词。Remain保持,fail失败,grow增加,quit离开, My anger ____ as the holidays

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approached.”与“But then...”构成转折关系。“But then...”所在的一句及下文说明作者改变了对朋友的看法,故前面作者还是认为她不是一个好朋友,所以还是很生气,再根据approached关键词,节日一天天接近,我的怒气越来越大,故选C项。

54.A考查动词。Hand传递,交给,buy买,help帮助,offer提供,她来到我主持的聚会上,给了我一条我心仪很久的裙子,因为朋友快来到了聚会现场,不可能是买裙子,而offer太过正式,所以A项最合适。

55.D考查动词。Depress使沮丧,upset使难过,fascinate使着迷,shock使吃惊,作者的朋友通过自己的方式表现出了其独特的关爱,让作者感到吃惊(shocked),从而改变了她的看法,故选D项。 56.A考查连词。

57.B考查动词。上句说到我感到后悔,那么我肯定是要改变对朋友的期待,故选B项。 58.D考查名词。Expectation期待,experience经历,adventure冒险活动,expression表达,全文都在讲不同的人表达关爱的方式,故这里是说我忽视了他们独特的表达方式, 故选D项。

考点:记叙类完形填空

【母题2】

【甘肃省西北师范大学附属中学2015届高三下学期第五次诊断】

A phone call reached me one cold winter day. I was 21 that my father was seriously ill.I had not seen my father since his divorce from my mom, and he had lived alone in a small trailer (拖车式活动房)in California, 300 miles away from me. The real 22 between us seemed much greater. I was in no hurry to change that, but 23 I promised to be there the next day.

The whole drive down, 24 flashed through my mind. I remembered my father, the proud Marine (海军陆战队队员). He snatched off the Christmas tree all the decorations the rest of us had put up and rehung them so there was 25 the same spacing between them. But weneedn't 26 those military orders. I remembered clearly the

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battles he had with my mother. I remembered 27 to hear my father say just once, “I love you, Patty”, only to have him 28 at me, “You can't do anything right!”

Standing outside his trailer, I tried to 29 my courage to face him one more time. Slowly,I took a few steps inside, my hand and my whole body shaking, too 30 to believe my eyes. Sitting on the sofa, my father looked confused and frustrated. This wasn't the angry and 31 man I had known growing up. This man was 32 and seemed broken. Part of me felt sorryfor him, but another part of me was thinking this was exactly the fate he33 .

“God, what am I supposed to do now?” I wondered. But as soon as the words 34 me,a sense of sorrow 35 me, and I knew that I had to take him to my home.

It was the 36 part I struggled with. The days of looking after my father turned into weeks, then months. All the pain, the conflicted feelings I'd been 37 over the years came rushing out. One night, I sat there, talking to God, begging him to help me let go of the ugly feelings I had toward my father. When I was finished, I felt an incredible peace, as if every 38 hadbeen lifted from me. 39 had cleaned all that from me and I felt free to start living the joyful life God wanted me to live.

It has been eight years since father died. Now when I think of him, those are the moments Iremember, which are, as I put on Dad's headstone, God's amazing

40 .

D. warned D. distance D. somewhat D. images

D. roughly

D. observe D. hesitating

21.A. reminded B. confirmed C. informed 22.A. difficulty B. challenge C. pain 23.A. somehow B. therefore C. otherwise 24.A. messages B. memories C. thoughts

25.A. exactly B. vaguely C. generally 26.A. admit

B. recite

C. master

27.A. attempting B. longing C. promising 28.A. stare

B. aim C. laugh

D. yell

D. distribute

29.A. strengthen B. support C. gather 30.A. shocked B. puzzled C. worried 31.A. selfish

D. disappointed

D.

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B. sensitive C. controlling

fascinating 32.A. fragile

B. awkward C. cautious

D. stubborn D. expected D. followed

33.A. grasped B. deserved C. determined 34.A. inspired B. failed

C. escaped

35.A. absorbed B. defeated C. ruined D. overtook D. material

D. picking up

D. burden

36.A. physical B. emotional C. religious

37.A. keeping up B. looking back C. holding back 38.A. interference B. crime C. disaster 39.A. Forgiveness B. Sadness C. Kindness

D. Awareness

D. conscience

40.A. virtue B. grace C. appreciation

22D考查名词辨析。A. difficulty困难;B. challenge挑战;C. pain痛苦;D. distance距离。此处说的是作者住处与父亲住处之间的距离。故选D。

23.A考查副词辨析。A. somehow不知道怎么样;B. therefore因此,所以;C. otherwise否则;D. somewhat稍微,有点像。根据前文,我不急于改变现状,但我不知道怎么样就答应了第二天去那里。故选A。

24.B考查名词辨析。A. messages口信,信息;B. memories记忆;C. thoughts想法;D. images影像。根据下文的remember可知,是对父亲的回忆。故选B。

25.A考查副词辨析。A. exactly精确地;B. vaguely模糊地;C. general大体上;D. roughly粗糙地。他抢走了圣诞树,并重新悬挂我们在上面所放置的装饰物,以便于装饰物之间具有相同的精确地间距。与下文的the same对应。故选A。

26.D考查动词辨析。A. admit承认;B. recite背诵;C. master掌握;D. observe观察,遵守。根据下文的orders判断可知,这里是说“但是,我们不需要遵守这个军事命令”。故选D。

27.B考查动词辨析。A. attempting尝试;B. longing渴望;C. promising许诺;D. hesitating犹豫。long to do sth.渴望做某事。作者很渴望父亲会说一次爱他。故选B。

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28.D考查动词辨析。A. stare盯着;B. aim瞄准;C. laugh大笑;D. yell叫喊。根据空后的“You can't do anything right!”这时作者期待父亲能够大叫。Yet at对……叫喊着说。故选D。

29.C考查动词辨析。A. strengthen加强;B. support支持,拥护;C. gather聚集;D. distribute分散。站在他的拖车旁,我积聚勇气再一次面对他。故选C。

30.A考查形容词辨析。A. shocked感到震惊的;B. puzzled感到迷惑不解的;C. worried焦虑的;D. disappointed感到失望的。根据下文,作者看到父亲的这一切感到非常震惊。故选A。

31.C考查形容词辨析。A. selfish自私的;B. sensitive敏感的;C. controlling有控制力的;D. fascinating迷人的。根据前文作者的回忆,父亲曾是海军陆战队队员,应为“有控制力的”。故选C。

32.A考查形容词辨析。A. fragile易碎的;B. awkward难对付的;C. cautious谨慎的;D. stubborn

固执的。根据下文的broken可知,他父亲这是看起来很脆弱的样子。故选A。

33.B考查动词辨析。A. grasped抓住,精通;B. deserved值得;C. determined决定;D. expected期待。根据前文的exactly判断,以及前文“父亲和母亲的争吵”,可知本处意为“这是他应得的命运”。故选B。

34.C考查动词辨析。A. inspired激励。鼓舞;B. failed失败;C. escaped逃脱;D. followed跟随。根据前文“这是他应得的命运”,和下文中的a sense of sorrow,应是我想不起来这些话。Words escape sb意为“想不起……”。故选C。

35.D考查动词辨析。A. absorbed吸收;B. defeated击败;C. ruined摧毁;D. overtook压倒。根据语境,一种悲伤感几乎压垮了我。故选D。

36.B考查形容词辨析。A. physical身体的;B. emotional感情的;C. religious宗教的;D. material物质上的。这是我在感情上所挣扎的地方。故选B。

37.C考查动词短语辨析。A. keeping up跟上,保持;B. looking back回想;C. holding back阻止;D. picking up捡起。根据语境,多年来控制的复杂感情在这一刻喷涌而出。故选C。

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