Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017年6月浙江,B)
Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation,51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early.Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day,and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours.For most school-age children,ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.
“More children are going to bed with TVs on,and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake,with more homework,the Internet and the phone,” says Dr.Mary Carskadon,a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics,but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers,some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.Three years ago,schools in Edina,Minnesota,changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.Students,parents and teachers are pleased with the results.1.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A.American kids’ sleeping habits.
B.Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.
C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D.Learning problems and lack of sleep.2.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A.7 hours.
B.8 hours.
C.10 hours.D.18 hours.
3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.B.They tend to do things that excite them.C.They follow their parents’ examples.D.They don’t need to go to school early.
语篇解读:这是一篇说明文。文章运用美国国家睡眠基金会的调查数据说明大多数美国儿童养成了睡眠越来越少的坏习惯。专家也指出了造成这种后果的原因。答案及剖析:
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation...可知,国家睡眠基金会新的一项调查是针对儿童睡眠习惯的。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。11岁的孩子属于学龄儿童,根据第二段第四句For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的).可判断答案选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段的She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.可知,孩子睡前的活动令他们兴奋而难以入睡,故选B。Ⅱ.七选五
(2017年6月浙江)
How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.1. But with these tips,your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
●When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story,think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.For example,if your topic is about environmental problems in America,you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”2. ●Hit the streets with confidence.3. Say,“Excuse me,I work for XYZ News,and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera.Don’t get discouraged.
●4. Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need,move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview,you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer,you won’t be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.5. ●If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air,don’t leave work without them.A.Limit your time.
B.As you approach people,be polite.
C.If you don’t own a camera,you can buy one.
D.For new reporters,this can seem like a challenging task.E.To get good and useful results,ask them the same question.
F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G.With a question like this,you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.答案:1-5 DGBAFⅢ.完形填空
One day,a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test.They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin.The professor 1 the question papers,with the text facing down as usual. 2 he handed them all out,he asked his students to 3 the page and begin.To everyone’s surprise,there were no 4 ,just a black dot in the center of the
page.The professor,seeing the expression on everyone’s face,told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 5 there.”
The students, 6 ,got started on the inexplicable (费解的) task.
At the end of the class,the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students.All of them,with no 8 ,described the black dot,trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet,etc.After all had been 9 ,the classroom was silent,and the professor began to explain:
“I’m not going to grade this.I 10 wanted to give you something to think about.No one wrote about the 11 part of the paper.Everyone focused on the black dot,and the same happens in our 12 .We have a white paper to observe and 13 ,but we always focus on the dark spots.Our life is a 14 given to us with love and care,and we always have 15 to celebrate:nature renewing itself every day,our friends around us,the job that 16 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
17 ,we insist on focusing only on the dark spots:the health issues that bother us,the lack of money,the 18 relationship with colleagues,the 19 with a friend,and etc.
The dark spots are very 20 compared to everything we have in our lives,but they are the ones that pollute our minds.” 1.A.handed out B.wrapped up
C.referred to
D.pointed at
2.A.SinceB.Until C.If
C.open B.choices
D.AfterD.use
C.questionsD.scores C.studyD.see
3.A.foldB.turn4.A.exercises
5.A.remember B.imagine6.A.surprised7.A.collected8.A.excuse
B.confused C.curious D.displeasedB.finished
C.marked D.selected
D.explanationD.read
B.doubt C.exception
9.A.saidB.answered C.returned10.A.also
B.just
C.even
D.finally
11.A.bigB.black C.beautiful D.white12.A.lives13.A.send
B.classrooms
C.colleges
D.studies
B.keep C.enjoyD.show
C.pressureD.lesson
14.A.burden B.gift15.A.reasons16.A.threatens17.A.However18.A.close19.A.stay20.A.dark
B.time C.freedom D.festivalsB.ruins C.provides
D.changes
B.Therefore C.Besides D.Moreover
D.strong
D.disappointment
B.complicated C.specialB.contact B.round
C.satisfaction
C.small D.dirty
语篇解读:教授通过让学生们做一份特殊的试卷而给学生们上了一堂生动的哲理课:不要太关注人生的不完美,要好好享受我们所拥有的美好!答案及剖析:
1.A 根据下文的“ 2 he handed them all out”可知,教授进教室后,给学生们分发(handed out)试卷。
2.D 根据语境可知,上下句表示逻辑上的时间先后关系,故用after 引导时间状语从句。3.B 根据上文with the text facing down as usual和下文“and begin”可推知,教授要求学生们翻开试卷,开始答题。turn“翻,翻动(书页)”。open表示“打开”,不符合语境,故排除。
4.C 根据上文的“the (questions)。
5.D 根据下文的“described the black dot”可知,教授让学生们写下自己看见(see)了什么。
6.B 根据上文的“To everyone’s surprise”和语境“the inexplicable(费解的)task”可推知,学生们很困惑。surprised惊奇的;confused困惑的;curious好奇的;displeased不悦的。故选B项。
7.A 根据语境“and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”和“ 2 he handed them all out”可推知,教授把分发下去的试卷收了上来。
8.C 根据主语“All of them”可推知,所有的学生无一例外地描述了那个黑点。excuse借口;doubt怀疑;exception例外;explanation解释。
9.D 根据上文的“and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知,教授读完后,大家都沉默了。
10.B 根据语境“not”可知,此处表示转折和强调,故用副词just,意为“只是”,符合语境“我只是想让你们思考一些事情”。
question
papers”可知,令学生们吃惊的是,试卷上并没有问题
11.D 根据上文“All of them,with no 8 ,described the black dot”和下文的“Everyone focused on the black dot”可知,学生们都注意卷子上的黑点了,却没有人关注卷子的空白部分。
12.A 根据下文的“Our life”可知,教授用这件事来类比生活。
13.C 根据下文的“to celebrate”可推知,此处应选C。enjoy“享受……的乐趣,享有”,与上文的observe对应。
14.B 根据下文的“with love and care”可推知,我们的生活是一个充满关爱的礼物。burden负担;gift礼物;pressure压力;lesson课程,教训。
15.A 根据语境“always”和“to celebrate”以及下文所列举的“nature renewing itself...the miracles we see every day”可推知,我们总是有理由去庆祝。reason理由;time时间;freedom自由;festival节日。
16.C 根据语境可知,此处表示“提供谋生手段的工作”。provide“提供”。17.A 根据语境可知,上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。however然而;therefore因此;besides除此之外;moreover此外,而且。
18.B 根据“bother”和“lack”以及“the dark spots”可推知,应选B,指“复杂的同事关系”。close亲密的;complicated复杂的;special特殊的;strong强的。19.D 根据“bother”和“lack”以及“the dark spots”可推知,此处应选D。disappointment意为“失望”。
20.C 根据上文的“just a black dot in the center of the page”可推知,黑点对整张试卷来讲只占了很小的一个比例,人生的不完美亦是一样的。
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