一、高中英语语法填空
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, ________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances________ loud music.
I have lots of good ________(memory) of New Year's Eve . I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always ________exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year ________(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities.
【答案】 welcoming；national；are packed；which；to；memories；bitterly；to visit；an；is
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，对世界各地的许多人来说，除夕是国家的假日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻，因为人们期待着迎接新的一年。look forward to固定短语，“期待”，to是介词，后面接动名词，所以填welcoming。 （2）考查形容词。句意：对世界各地的许多人来说，除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词holiday，用形容词，所以填national。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：在很多国家，人们会回老家过年，所以通常火车和公共汽车上都挤满了人。描述经常或反复发生的动作，用一般现在时。\"火车和公共汽车\"与\"挤满\"之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填are packed。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：在英国，人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会，邀请朋友、家人和邻居。_________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a New Year's Eve party，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
（5）考查介词。句意：客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅，每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳舞。dance to固定短语，“随着……起舞”，故填to。
（6）考查名词。句意：我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。\"美好的回忆\"是复数意义，用名词复数，故填memories。
（7）考查副词。句意：天下着雪，冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold，用副词，故填bitterly。 （8）考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里，参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主语，一般用it作形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置，故填to visit。
（9）考查冠词。句意：我想无论你在哪里，除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指\"一个令
人兴奋的日子\"，exciting的首字母发音是元音，所以填不定冠词an。
（10）考查时态。句意：也许迎接新年的最后一种方式是在世界各地的城市观看令人惊叹的烟花表演。描述经常或反复发生的动作，用一般现在时，所以填is。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，时态语态，定语从句，介词，副词以及故此等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的形式 。
\"Living within 300 metres of green space ________ (associate) with greater happiness, sense of worth and life satisfaction,\" says a new study. ________ (use) data from UK government's Annual Population Survey (APS) of 25518 people, the researchers show that people ________ live within 300 metres of green space have significantly better mental well-being. \"A lot of research focuses ________ poor mental health, or single aspect of well-being like life satisfaction. What makes our work different is the way we consider multi-dimensional mental well-being in terms of happiness, life satisfaction and worth,\" said Victoria Houlden from the University of Warwick.
The study, ________ (publish) in the journal Applied Geography, found that there is a very strong relationship between the amount of green space around a person's home ________ their feelings of life satisfaction, happiness, and self-worth. Green space within 300 metres of home made the greatest ________ (differ) to mental well-being. The study found that access to green space was ________ (important) than lifestyle factors such as employment, income and general health. \"By ________ (combine) advanced statistical and mapping methods, we've shown that the effect is real. ________ (basical) we've proven what everyone has always assumed was true,\" said Scott Weich, Professor at the University of Sheffield.
【答案】 is associated；Using；who或that；on /upon；published；and；difference；more important；combining；Basically
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究称居住在300米以内的绿地能带来更大的幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现，一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。这种影响以及得到证实，它是真的。
（1）考查时态语态。句意：居住在300米以内的绿色空间，会带来更大的幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。be associated with sth.固定短语，\"与某事联系在一起\"，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is associated。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：根据英国政府对25518人的年度人口调查(APS)数据，研究人员表明，居住在绿色空间300米以内的人心理健康状况明显更好。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语researchers构成主动关系，故用现在分词，填Using。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：根据英国政府对25518人的年度人口调查(APS)数据，研究人员表明，居住在绿色空间300米以内的人心理健康状况明显更好。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，个用关系代词who或that。故填who或that。
（4）考查介词。句意：很多研究都集中在心理健康方面，或者说是像生活满意度这样的
幸福方面。focus on/upon固定短语，\"集中于，专注于\"，故填on或upon。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现，一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。本句中publish做非谓语动词与逻辑主语study构成被动关系，故用过去分词，填published。 （6）考查连词。句意：这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现，一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。between…and…固定短语，\"在……之间\"，故填and。
（7）考查名词。句意：住宅周围300米范围内的绿地对心理健康的影响最大。make a great difference固定短语，\"有很大影响\"，故填difference。
（8）考查形容词。句意：研究发现，获得绿色空间比生活方式因素如就业、收入和一般健康更重要。根据下文”than lifestyle factors“可知应填important的形容词比较级，故填more important。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：通过结合先进的统计和映射方法，我们已经证明了这种效果是真实的。by为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填combing。
（10）考查副词。句意：基本上，我们已经证明了每个人一直以来所认为的是正确的，\"谢菲尔德大学教授Scott Weich表示。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Basically。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，连词，名词，形容词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Phone-surfing Results in More Purchases
Leaving your mobile phone at home when you go shopping could prevent mindless overspending, a new study suggests. Research from the University of Bath discovered that when people are distracted by their mobiles during a trip to the supermarket their shopping bills ________ rise by an average of 41 per cent. Attention-weakening devices also encourage shoppers to wander along more shelves, ________they come across more products.
In one study, 294 people aged between 18 and 73 at four Swedish supermarkets wore eye-tracking glasses throughout a shopping trip to measure where they went and ________they looked at. Their receipts were then used ________(assess) their spending. Those using a mobile phone spent on average £33.73 compared to an average of £23.91 for those who did not. A second study of 117 shoppers found those with mobile phones spent longer in the store, ________(give) more attention to shelves. They also spent an average of £36. This study found shoppers using a mobile phone spent on average £36.16 on 20.85 items, compared to £25.59 on 13.22 products.
Dr Carl-Philip Ahlbom, of the University of Bath's School of Management said: \"Business owners have tended to worry that mobiles distract shoppers from spending money, ________we were amazed to find completely the reverse effect.\" The findings were very clear - the more time you spend on your phone, the more money you'll part ________.
\"So if you're trying to budget, ________(leave) your phone in your pocket. It's not the phone ________that causes more purchases, but its impact on our focus.\" Researchers believe people spend more because using a phone distracts people from their ________(plan) lists.
【答案】 can/may/might；where；what；to assess；having given/giving；but；with；leave；itself；planned
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现手机上网会导致更多的购买行为。 （1）考查情态动词。句意：巴斯大学的研究发现，当人们在超市购物时被手机分心时，他们的购物账单平均会（可能）上涨41%。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表示“会、可能”，故填 can/may/might。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：削弱注意力的设备也鼓励购物者在更多的货架之间走来走去，在那里他们会遇到更多的产品。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词shelves并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（3）考查宾语从句。句意：在一项研究中，瑞典四家超市的294名年龄在18岁至73岁之间的人在整个购物过程中都戴着眼睛跟踪眼镜，以测量他们去了哪里，看了什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中的looked at缺少宾语，故填what。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他们的收据被用来评估他们的支出。sth.be used to do表示“某物被用来做……”，故填to assess。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：第二项针对117名购物者的研究发现，那些拥有手机的人在商店里呆的时间更长，对货架的关注度更高。“关注货架”这一动作既可理解为与“呆在商店里”同时发生，也可理解为先于“呆在商店里”，所以既可用现在分词的一般式也可用现在分词的完成式作状语，故填having given/giving。
（6）考查连词。句意：企业主往往担心手机会分散购物者花钱的注意力，但我们惊奇地发现完全相反的效果。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。
（7）考查介词。句意：你在手机上花的时间越多，你花的钱就越多。part with固定短语“舍得、交出”，故填with。
（8）考查祈使句。句意：所以如果你想谨慎花钱的话，把手机放在口袋里。此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填leave。
（9）考查代词。句意：不是手机本身导致了更多的购买行为，而是它对我们的注意力的影响。根据“the phone”可知此处指“它本身”，故填itself。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员认为，人们之所以花钱更多，是因为使用手机会分散人们对计划清单的注意力。lists与plan之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故填planned。
【点评】本题考点涉及情态动词，定语从句，宾语从句，非谓语动词，连词，介词，祈使句以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blanks with the proper form of the given word; for the blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
When I worked part-time in a local bookstore at my early age -- so easily - pictured, if you do not work in one, as a kind of paradise where not only ________ one read his own favorite books but also encounter charming young ladies (one of my personal fantasies) who browse eternally among Toni Morrison or Ernest Hemingwast thing that chiefly struck me was that really bookish people are a rarity, ________ there are vast numbers of those who consider themselves to be such. Often they will introduce themselves when they enter the bookshop ________ 'book people' and insist on telling you that 'we love books'. They will wear T-shirts or carry bags with slogans explaining exactly how much they think they adore books. It is clear that the way they dress themselves is quite similar to that of us bookish people, but that is ________ the similarities between them and us begin and end. And ________ (sure) means of identifying them is that they never, ever buy books.
These days it is so rare that I find time to read that, when I do, it feels like indulgence, more so than any, other sensory experience. When an important relationship in my twenties ________ (break) up the only thing I could do was to read, and I amassed a pile of books ________ I sank and escaped from the world around me and inside me. The landscapes of Yu Hua, Wang Shou, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Harper Lee and others protected me from my own thoughts, which were pushed into the background, where ________ could silently process without bothering me. I created a physical wall on my desk, ________ (make) from the books, and as I read them the wall slowly came down until it was gone.
In a more real sense, books are the best way in which one enriches his own life and the enormous numbers of them out there in the world excite me, especially when I visit second-hand bookstores with no intention ________ (search) for a certain book. It is like casting a net and never knowing what you will find when you gather it in. As Goglo put in it in Dead Souls: \"Once, long ago, in the years of my youth, in the years of my childhood, which have flashed irretrievably(不能挽回地）by, it was a joy for me to drive for the very first time to a place unknown.\"
【答案】 can；although；as；where；the surest；broke；into which；they；made；to search
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者记叙了自己热爱读书的感受以及读书对自己的影响。
（1）考查情态动词。句意：在书店里，一个人不仅可以阅读自己喜欢的书，还会遇到迷人的年轻女士，她们总是在托妮·莫里森和欧内斯特·赫明之间流连。根据句意，该空表示“可以，能够”，故填can。
（2）考查状语从句。句意：让我印象最深刻的是，真正爱读书的人是罕见的，尽管有很多人认为自己是这样的人。根据句意，该空表示“尽管”，且引导从句，故填although。 （3）考查介词。句意：当他们走进书店的时候，他们通常会自我介绍为“读书人”，并坚持告诉你“我们爱书”。根据语境，该空意为“当作，作为”，故填as。
（4）考查表语从句。句意：很明显，他们的穿着和我们这些书呆子很相似，但这就是他
们和我们之间的相似之处开始和结束的地方。该空引导表语从句，空处作地点状语，故用where引导该从句。故填where。
（5）考查形容词。句意：确定他们身份的最可靠的方法就是他们从来没有买过书。该空修饰名词means，应用形容词的某种形式，结合语境，该处表示“最可靠的方法”，应用最高级形式，故填the surest。
（6）考查时态。句意：当我二十多岁的时候，一段重要的关系破裂了，我唯一能做的事情就是读书。该空作谓语，且叙述的是作者二十多岁的时候的情况（即：过去的情况），应用一般过去时态，故填broke。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：我积攒了一堆书，沉浸其中，逃离我周围和内心的世界。___7___ I sank是定语从句，修饰books。sink into固定短语“陷入到……中”。books作into的宾语，先行词为物，应用关系代词which代之。综上，该从句应用into which引导。故填into which。
（8）考查代词。句意：余华、王守、海明威、乔治·奥威尔、陀思妥耶夫斯基、哈珀·李等人的风景保护着我，使我不受自己思想的干扰，我的思想被推到背景中，在那里它们可以无声无息地进行，而不打扰我。where ___8___ could silently process without bothering me是定语从句，修饰my thoughts，该空在从句中作主语，指代my thoughts，指代复数名词用they。故填they。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：我在我的书桌上用书做了一堵实体墙，当我读它们的时候，这堵墙慢慢地倒了下来，直到消失。_______ (make) from the books是定语，修饰a physical wall。a physical wall和make之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填made。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：从更真实的意义上说，书籍是丰富自己生活的最好方式，而世界上大量的书籍让我兴奋不已，尤其是当我去二手书店却无意寻找某本书的时候。_______ (search) for a certain book是定语，修饰intention，intention后常接动词不定式作定语，意为“……的打算，……的意图”。故填to search。
【点评】本题考点涉及情态动词，状语从句，介词，表语从句，形容词，时态，定语从句，代词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime!
What does the expression \"crocodile tears\" mean? Simply put, \"crocodile tears\" are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase \"crocodile tears\" comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the
crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would come closer and then become dinner.
Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.
【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义，它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说，鳄鱼的确会流泪，但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。
（1）考查介词。句意：科学家说，鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语，“比……寿命长”，故填by。
（2）考查名词。句意：它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”，且主语they are可知应填复数形式，故填survivors。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是专业的捕猎者，用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物，然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词，故填using。
（4）考查名词。句意：一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词，由8000修饰应用复数形式，故填teeth。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”，故填to cry。
（6）考查形容词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构，故填less。
（7）考查连词。句意：如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人，它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。
（8）考查代词。句意：然后鳄鱼会对着他哭，最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填him。
（9）考查冠词。句意：另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种，应用定冠词，故填the。
（10）考查时态语态。句意：哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is reserved。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，名词，非谓语动词，形容词，连词，代词，冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
6．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Keeping a diary in English is one of the ________ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. ________ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes ________ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. ________ we insist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ________in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly come across many ________(difficult). In the first place, ________ often happens that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese.
As far as I ________(concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ________ great use to keep a diary in English for ________ development of our writing skills.
【答案】 effective；Compared；less；If；ourselves；difficulties；it；am concerned；of；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用英语写日记的好处。
（1）考查形容词。句意：用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。此处在句中作定语，修饰中心词ways，因此用形容词。故填effective。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。此处在句中作状语，且compare与句子主语it之间是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动；此处位于句首，因此首字母要大写。故填Compared。
（3）考查形容词。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。根据句意以及句中shorter and 可知and之后要用形容词的比较级构成并列结构，time是不可数名词，应用形容词little的比较级less修饰。故填less。
（4）考查连词。句意：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。此句用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，而且在句首，首字母应大写。故填If。
（5）考查代词。句意：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。根据句意可知，此处主语we发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
（6）考查名词。句意：在用英语记日记的过程中，我们肯定遇到许多困难。此处前有many修饰，因此用名词复数。故填difficulties。
（7）考查代词。句意：首先，我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。此处代替句中的主语从句that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind，因此用形式主语it。It happens that. . . 固定句式，“碰巧……”故填it。
（8）考查固定搭配。句意：就我而言，我的建议是我们应该随时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am concerned固定短语，“就我而言”，根据语境可知，此处描述的是目前的状态，应使用一般现在时。故填am concerned。
（9）考查介词。句意：总之，我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。be of +抽象名词，表示人或物的特征；be of great use= be very useful“是很有用的”。故填of。
（10）考查冠词。句意：总之，我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。此处特指写作技巧的培养，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，连词，代词。名词，固定短语，介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
7．阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin's main tourist highlight. It is the world's biggest winter festival. The ________(bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival.
________sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the________(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than ________ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec. At first, mainly Chinese________(participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival and ________(compete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as China's economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps ________(grow) The work going into making these exhibits is astounding, and their size and beauty is amazing.
The lightning ________(effect)on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically complex.
Officially the festival ________(hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depends ________ the weather. The Sun Island Scenic Area will be opened from Dec. 21 to Feb. 28.
【答案】 bitterly；What；beautiful；the；participated；competition；growing；effects；is held；on
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。 （1）考查副词。空处修饰形容词cold，需用副词修饰作状语，故填bitterly。
（2）考查主语从句。 sets the Harbin festival apart 是主语从句，此句中缺主语，故填What。
（3）考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。故填beautiful。
（4）考查冠词。空后的ones指代festivals，后面给出了具体的地点作定语，因此是特指，用定冠词，故填the。
（5）考查时态。根据At first，可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填 participated。
（6）考查名词。此空与前面的 festival 并列，作表语，故填 competition.
（7）考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.固定短语，”继续做某事“，动名词作宾语，故填growing。
（8）考查名词。根据本句的谓语动词are，可知名词复数作主语，故填effects。 （9）考查时态语态。本句描述的是现在的客观情况，，谓语动词用一般现在时；the festival与hold之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填is held。
（10）考查介词。depend on/upon固定短语，”依靠“，故填on/upon。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词，主语从句，形容词，冠词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，时态
语态以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
8．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kobe Bryant is a famous basketball player. His talent can ________(see) not only on the court, but also in his writing. ________book The Wizenard Series: Training Camp came out in March. The story is ________the West Bottom Badgers, a youth basketball team. It's made up of five books, with each ________(focus) on the story of one character: Rain, Twig, Cash, Peno and Lab. All of the kids on this team come from a poor neighborhood. No one ________ (have) faith in the kids to succeed, ________things change after a new coach joins the team.
After reading the book, we got to interview Bryant. He said he didn't think he was going to be an author, but that he often tells stories to his daughters. This is one of the ________ (reason) he wrote his own book. The book is based on parts of Bryant's real-life experience, ________ (especial) when he played for the Los Angeles Lakers.
Bryant had two different jersey numbers - 8 and 24 - during his career. ________ number 24 means you need to work hard 24 hours a day ________ (succeed). Our final thoughts on Bryant - he is cool and very funny.
【答案】 be seen；His；about；focusing/focused；has；but；reasons；especially；The；to succeed
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了美国著名的篮球运动员Kobe Bryant以及他写的书。
（1）考查语态。句意：他的才华不仅体现在球场上，也体现在他的作品中。句子主语talent和谓语动词see之间是一种被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态，故填be seen。 （2）考查代词。句意：他的著作《维森纳德系列：训练营》(The Wizenard Series: Training Camp)于今年3月出版。根据上句中的in his writing可知，此处用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词，故填His。
（3）考查介词。句意：这个故事是关于the West Bottom Badgers，一个年轻的篮球队。介词about“关于”，后面是涉及到的内容。故填about。
（4）考查独立主格结构。句意：它由五本书组成，每本书都聚焦于一个角色的故事：雨、小树枝、卡什、佩诺和实验室。此处是with的独立主格结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语（现在分词或过去分词），所给词focus可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，所以这里用现在分词focusing或过去分词focused作宾语补足语，故填focusing/focused。 （5）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：没有人相信孩子们会成功，但在新教练加入球队后，情况发生了变化。这里在讲述书中的故事，用的是一般现在时态，且主语是不定代词no one，后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填has。
（6）考查连词。句意：没有人相信孩子们会成功，但在新教练加入球队后，情况发生了变化。结合句意，前后是一种转折关系，故填but。
（7）考查名词。句意：这是他自己写书的原因之一。根据one of后面跟名词复数，所给词reason“理由”是可数名词，故填reasons。
（8）考查副词。句意：这本书是根据科比的真实经历改编的，尤其是他在洛杉矶湖人队的时候。此处用副词修饰后面的when引导的时间状语从句，所给词especial“特别的”是形容词，其副词是especially。故填especially。
（9）考查冠词。句意：数字24意味着你需要一天24小时努力工作才能成功。此处特指24这个数字，故填The。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：数字24意味着为了成功你需要一天24小时努力工作。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填to succeed。
【点评】本题考点涉及语态，代词，介词，独立主格结构，主谓一致，连词，副词，冠词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
9．阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal- length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province，dating back to roughly 1,200 BC.
Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (钝的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth.
There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl's dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for \"quick\" and \"son\".
Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs ________their own. 【答案】 are；used；were developed；earliest；an；that／which；maintaining；pronunciation；frequently；of
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了筷子在我国的历史、作用和文化意义。 （1）考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，根据下文的is判断为一般现在时，主语chopsticks是复数，故填are。
（2）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，use和逻辑主语sticks之间是动宾关系，故用去过分词，填used。
（3）考查时态语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句的谓语动词，根据over 5,000 years ago判断为一般过去时，主语chopsticks和develop之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语chopsticks是复数，故填were developed。
（4）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作定语修饰名词evidence，结合句意可知此处意为“最早的证据”故用最高级，故填earliest。
（5）考查冠词。play a role in固定短语，“在……中起作用”，又important是元音音素开头，故填an。
（6）考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是限定性定语从句关系词，先行词they(指物)在从句__6___symbolizes heaven中充当主语，故用关系代词，填that/which。 （7）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填maintain的动名词形式作为表语从句的主语，故填maintaining。
（8）考查名词。此处应填名词作为原因状语从句的主语，结合上下文可知此处意为“筷子的发音”，“发音”是pronunciation，故填pronunciation。
（9）考查副词，此处应填副词修饰动词are used，故填frequently。 （10）考查介词。of one's own固定短语，“某人自己的”，故填of。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，时态语态，形容词，冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
10．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ________(death) a year, not just in________(develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China，people are well aware of the health problems it brings.
I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike________when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my________(perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China________(test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those________lived in more polluted areas were________ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart________on the brain.
This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ________ (many) problems we're storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government________(think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.
【答案】 deaths；developing；it；performance；were tested；who；negatively；but；more；to think
【解析】【分析】本文是一则新闻报道，无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。最新研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。
（1）考查名词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处death“死亡的人数”，是可数名词，结合句意可知此处用复数形式，故填deaths。
（2）考查形容词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处是“发展中的”，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名
词，故填developing。
（3）考查代词。句意：我不喜欢空气不好的时候。此处it是形式宾语，when引导的从句是真正的宾语，故填it。
（4）考查名词。句意：我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故填performance。
（5）考查时态语态。句意：在这项研究中，去年对中国各地的2.5万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people，集体名词，和谓语动词test之间是一种被动关系，再根据In the study，是过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填were tested。 （6）考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处those是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（7）考查副词。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处impacted是动词，由副词修饰，故填negatively。 （8）考查固定短语。句意：越来越多的证据表明，空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏，还会影响大脑。not just/only...but（also）...。固定短语，“不但......而且.....”,故填but。 （9）考查形容词。句意：这项研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定句式，“越......，越......。”故填more。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：活动家希望这项研究能说服英国政府在明年公布其清洁空气战略之前三思。persuade sb. to do sth.固定短语，“劝说某人做某事”。故填to think。 【点评】本题考点涉及名词，形容词，代词，名词，时态语态，定语从句，副词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
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