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人教版八年级上册英语语法【七篇】

2021-11-30 来源:飒榕旅游知识分享网
【 导语】英语语法的精髓在于掌握语⾔的使⽤。下⾯是⽆忧考为您整理的⼈教版⼋年级上册英语语法【七篇】,仅供⼤家学习参考。

   Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?

  Grammar:特殊疑问句:wh-questions:what,who,where,when,which,whose,why,whom等。  特殊疑问句的构成及⽤法:

  1.结构:特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语(+其他)  疑问代词:

  1)Who:谁。做主语,⽤来指⼈Whoistheboyunderthetree?  2)Whom谁,做宾语,⽤来指⼈Whomareyouwritingto?

  3)Whose谁的,⽤来指所属关系,如果做定语,⼀般后接名词Whosepenisthis?

  4)Which哪个,哪些,⽤来指对⼈或物在⼀定范围之内进⾏选择Whichgirlswillbeinthesportsmeeting?  WhichpenisLily’s?

  5)What什么,通常指物,也可指⼈,⼀般⽤在没有指出范围的情况下Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?Whatareyoudoingnow?  疑问副词:

  1)When:何时,询问时间Whenwillshecomeback?  2)Where何地,询问地点,Wheredoyoucomefrom?  3)Why为什么,询问原因,Whyareyoulateforschool?  4)How如何,询问⼿段、⽅式、⼯具以及程度等  Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?

  5)Howold多⼤,询问年龄,HowoldisJim’slittlebrother?  6)Howmany/much多少,询问数量  Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?  7)Howfar多远,询问距离,  Howfarisitformyourhometoschool?

  8)Howlong多长,多久,询问时间的长度或距离  HowlongwillyoustayinBeijing?  9)Howoften多长时间按⼀次,询问频率  Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparents?

  10Howsoon多久,询问时间Howsoonwillyoucomeback?

  频率副词:表⽰动作发⽣的频率,never,hardlyever,sometimes,often,usually,always.   Unit2What’sthematterwithyou?  Grammar:

  1.⽤have来描述⾝体不适have/havegota+疾病名字;得了……病

  2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can,may,must没有⼈称和时态的变化,后接动词原形.   Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?

  Grammar:现在进⾏时表将来⼀般将来时

  表⽰将要做某事或计划打算做某事要⽤到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词,它有⼈称和单复数的变化。

Be:am,is,are.be+v.ing是现在进⾏时的形式,但⽤于表⽰将来。⽤进⾏时表将来,常⽤于表⽰即将来临的未来预定要做的事情,⼀般指个⼈计划要做的事。⽤于此情况的动词⼀般是表⽰位置转移的动词,如,go,come,leave,start,arrive,move等。  ⼀.肯定句中,结构为“be+doing.”  Iamgoingshoppingthisafternoon.

  ⼆.否定句是在be之后加not.I’mnotgoingtoshoppingthisafternoon.

  三.⼀般疑问句是将be置于句⾸Areyougoingshoppingthisafternoon?—Yes,Iam/weare.No,I’mnot./Wearen’t.  四.特殊疑问句“疑问词+⼀般疑问句语序。”  Whatareyoudoingforvacation?  Whenishegoingcamping?  Whoareyougoingtherewith?  Whereisshegoing?

   Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?

  Grammar:How引导的特殊疑问句:是指以How,howfar,howlong,howold,howmany,howmuch等词开头的疑问句。  Howdoeshegettoshool?----Hetakesthetraintogettoshool.  Howlongdoesittaketowalk?----Ittakesabout35minutestowalk.  Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?It’sfourmilesfrommyhometoschool.  Howoldishenow?Sheistwelveyearsoldnow.

  Howmanystorybooksdoyouhave?Ihavefivestorybooks.  Howmuchisthiscoat?Thiscoatis200yuan.

  特殊疑问句的简略结构:howabout…?+名词或动词-ing形式,⽤于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如:Howaboutplayingtennis?

  乘坐交通⼯具的表达⽅式:bysubway/train/bike...,onfoot...

  Iusuallytakethebustoschool./Iusuallygotoschoolbybus(on/inthebus).

  Myfathersometimesrideshisbiketowork./Myfathersometimesgoestoworkbybike(onhisbike).

  Mygrandmotheralwayswalkstothesupermarket./Mygrandmotheralwaysgoestothesupermarketonfoot.   Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?

  Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答  ⼀.情态动词can的⽤法:

  Can是最长⽤的情态动词,其后跟动词原形,can的否定形式为cannot,can’t.  1.can表“能⼒”,意思是:能,会Icanplaybasketball,butIcan’tswim.

  2.can表⽰能⼒时可和beableto互换,beableto有更多的时态,常被⽤来表⽰can所不能表⽰的将来或完成的概念。E.g.Theywillbeabletomakeamodelspaceshipinthreemonths.

  3.表⽰“可能性”,意思是:可以,可能。Thatbigcinemacanseat5,000people.  4.表⽰允许,意思是可以能够YoucanhavethebookwhenIhavefinishedit.  5.表⽰“惊讶、不相信等(⽤于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”

  Thiscan’tbetrue.Canitbetrue?

  ⼆.如何发出、接受和谢绝别⼈的邀请  1.表达邀请的常⽤句型:  Canyoucometo…?  Couldyoucometo…?  Wouldyouliketocometo…?  Doyouwanttocometo…?  2.接受邀请的常⽤句型:

  Sure.Certainly.Ofcourse.OK.I’dloveto.  3.谢绝邀请的常⽤句型:  I’msorry,Ican’t.butIhaveto…  I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveto…

  Idon’tthinkIcan.Ihaveto…/I'mdoing.....   Unit6I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.  Grammar:形容词的⽐较级

  ⼀.规则变化、不规则变化(课本P93)

  ⼆.than是⽐较级中最常见的标志词,意思是“⽐”。⽤于引出⽐较的对象。1.Hedrawsbetterthanme.2.You’reolderthanIam./Youareolderthanme.

  三.形容词⽐较级前,有时可以⽤much,far,alittle,abit,even,threetimes等词来修饰。much和far表⽰“……得多”,muchbetter好得多,alittle,abit表⽰稍微,⼀些,⼀点。alittleshorter,稍微矮点;even表⽰“甚⾄,更加,还要……”evenbigger还要⼤些,threetimes表⽰“…三倍”,如threetimesbiggerthan⽐……⼤三倍  Very绝不可以⽤来修饰⽐较级,very,so,too,quite等修饰原级   Unit7Howdoyoumakebananamilkshake?  Grammar:

  可数名词与不可数名词  ⼀.可数名词

  英语中的物质名词⼤体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表⽰⼀个,如apear.其复数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es(特殊情况除外),如twobananas,threetomatoes,manyapples,afewstudents  ⼆.不可数名词

  1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分,也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an.表⽰不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如abagof…2.常见的量词短语有:  apieceof…acupof…ateaspoonof…abottleof…

  3.不可数名词还可以⽤下⾯的词表⽰数量:much(muchrain),  alittle(alittlemilk).

  4.既可以修饰不可数名词⼜可以修饰不可数名词的词有:

  Lotsof=alotof许多,⼤量some⼀些(⽤于肯定句)any⼀些(⽤于否定句和⼀般疑问句)

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