Hello everyone! First of all, on behalf of all the citizens of Shenyang, Iwould like to extend a warm welcome to all of you. Today, I'd like to introduceShenyang Palace Museum, one of the scenic spots in Shenyang.
Shenyang Palace Museum covers an area of more than 60000 square meters,with more than 70 buildings of various types, consisting of more than 20courtyards, with a total of more than 300 houses. According to the naturallayout, the Palace Museum is divided into three parts: Middle Road, East Roadand West Road.
Middle road: it is the imperial palace of Taizong. At the south end is thegate of the Qing Dynasty, which is also the main gate of the Forbidden City. Tothe north are Chongzheng Hall, Fenghuang coat and Qingning palace, which are allarranged on a central axis, with some symmetrical ancillary buildings on bothsides.
The gate of the Qing Dynasty was the place where the civil and militaryministers of the royal court met in the daily court meeting, and also the placewhere the Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty accepted the gratitude of theofficials. After the Ming Dynasty's famous general Hong Chengchou came down tothe Qing Dynasty, he entered from this gate and was received by Huang Taiji. Thebuilding on the east side of daqingmen is called ancestral temple. Ancestraltemple is the place where Aixinjueluo family worships their ancestors. Becauseit is the ancestral temple of the emperor, it is also called Taimiao.
In front of Chongzheng Hall, there are five chambers in the East and West,Feilong Pavilion in the East and Xiangfeng Pavilion in the West. Behind the hallis a courtyard. To the north of the courtyard, there is a high platform about 4meters high. On the platform is the sleeping area of Huang Taiji and hisconcubines. Along the steps up is a magnificent high-rise - --- Phoenix Tower.Its original name was xiangfenglou, and it was not named fenghuanglou until1743. Fenghuang building is the gateway of Qingning palace, and also the placewhere the emperor planned military and political events and banquets. It wasbuilt at the same time as Chongzheng Hall and rebuilt in the 20th year ofKangxi. The building has three floors and is a three drop building. Each floorhas three rooms deep and wide, surrounded by an ambulatory, and the entrance ofthe lower floor is the corridor between the upper floor and the lower floor.Fenghuanglou is not only the gate of the palace, but also the commanding heightof the whole palace. It's wonderful to watch the sunrise upstairs. Therefore,Fenglou xiaori and Fenglou guanta are famous landscapes in Shencheng. Theziqidonglai gold plaque on the front door of Fenghuang building is the imperialpen of Emperor Qianlong.
On both sides of Qingning Palace are the East and West palaces, the Eastpalaces are related to Ju palaces and Yanqing palaces, and the West palaces areLinzhi palaces and Yongfu palaces. The eastern and Western palaces were theresidence of Huang Taiji and his concubines. In the northwest corner of Qingningpalace, there is a chimney built from the ground and lower than the back of thehouse. People can't see it from the front. From the series of buildings ofQingning palace, we can find two major architectural features of Shenyang PalaceMuseum: one is the preservation of strong Manchu characteristics, namely pocketroom, Wanzi Kang and chimney standing on the ground. Second, the palace is highand the palace is low. Qingning palace and its four palaces are higher thanChongzheng palace and Dazheng palace. This is because before the Qing Dynastyseized power, the Manchu were a nomadic and hunting people. Influenced by theirliving habits, they built their living places on high places to prevent theinvasion of wild animals and floods. This is the opposite of the Forbidden Cityin Beijing.
Behind the high platform of Qingning palace is the back garden, also knownas the imperial garden. There are mill houses, twenty-eight storehouses,Houzaimen and other buildings in it, which are the food supply area for theemperor. And there is an underground cellar Road connected with Qingningpalace.
On both sides of the high platform of Chongzheng Hall and Qingning Palaceare the East and the West. From the south to the north of dongsuo are Yihepalace, JIEZHI palace and Jingdian Pavilion. Dongsuo was the place where theEmpress Dowager's concubines sent her greetings during the eastern tour, andalso the palace where the Empress Dowager's real records and jade certificateswere stored. From south to north, the West Suo was di Guang hall, Bao Ji hall,Ji en Zhai and chongmo Pavilion. Xisuo is the place where the emperor, Empressand their children lived and where shengxun and Manchu Laodang were stored. Thearchitectural form of chongmo Pavilion is unique. It is a rolling shed building,which was added in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.
The main body of the east road is Dazheng hall, with ten square pavilionson both sides, which is called Shiwang Pavilion. Dazheng hall, built in Nurhachiperiod, is the earliest octagonal double eaves Pavilion style building in theForbidden City. His highness Dazheng is a xumizuo platform about 1.5 metershigh, surrounded by finely carved blue stone lotus leaf vase. The hall has anaxe eye door on eight sides, 40 columns inside and outside, and double dragoncolumns in front of the main gate. On the top of the hall are 16 colorful glassridges, and in the center are the flame beads of the vase. Inside the hall,there are delicate brackets and caisson ceiling. The beams are painted withHexi, and the roof is covered with yellow glazed tiles and green trimming. Thewhole building shows a strong sense of beauty and elegant decorative art taste.Dazheng hall was the place where the emperor held large-scale celebrations. In1643, Emperor Fulin of the Qing Dynasty ascended to the throne.
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