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如何初中生提高英语写作水平指导

2022-11-08 来源:飒榕旅游知识分享网

如何初中生提高英语写作水平指导

  英语学习应遵循五大原则。

  1、 简单原则

  运用英语,简单---好,更简单---更好,最简单----最好。优点:1)造就成就感,培养自信。2)增加兴趣。3)语言琅琅上口。4)易于学以致用。

  2、 量的原则

  多---好,更多----更好,最多----最好。语言的学习是培养一种感觉,而感觉要靠数量的积累来培养。俗话说水到渠成。同样的道理,达到了一定的量,语感就产生了。这时应再把感觉上升到理论,将理论融入到自己的思维中,英语就能运用自如。

  3、重复原则

  任何技能的获得,均来自重复。一种事情重复多了,便产生了感觉和深刻的把握。重复是人记忆的最重要的途径,重复使人准确、深刻理解事物本质、内在规律。教师的作用在于在课堂教学中如何创设语言情景,让这种重复变得更真实,变得实际。

  4、模仿原则

  语言是人们在长时间的实践中形成的认同符号,其运用无规则可依。作为英语学习者,必须模仿已有的东西,不经历到位的模仿而盲目创新,就意味着错误。

  5、兴趣原则

  兴趣是最好的老师。

  假设:

  让学生大声朗读英语,多次重复,就能提高语感。提供范文或句型让学生模仿写作,可以降低难度,提高兴趣。

  学生在词汇上的用法错误主要表现在:

  1、画蛇添足 At the sports meet, we cheered him on when he dashed quickly.应为 At the sports meet, we cheered him on when he dashed .

  2、词性使用混乱 Doing a part-time job always effects study. 应为 Doing a part-time job always affects study.

  3、动态、状态不分 They married for two years. 应为They have been married for two years.

  ※学生在句子结构方面的错误表现在:

  1、缺少谓语 He at home. 应为 He is at home.

  2、忽视主语的转换 Beijing rains much in August. 应为 It rains much in Beijing in August.

  3、逗号粘连与连排句

  The work was difficult, he finished it in time. The work was difficult he finished it in time. 应为 The work was difficult, however, he finished it in time.

  文章都是有句子组成的,所以有必要复习英语的基本句型。

  简单句:

  1)主语+谓语

  We study hard.

  The red sun rises in the east

  2)主语+谓语+宾语

  I like him.

  Li Yang put the book into his bag.

  3)主语+连系动词+表语

  The story sounds interesting.

  Her dream has come true.

  4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

  I gave him a book.

  He told me how to make a chair.

  5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

  We elected him our monitor.

  You shouldn’t let him go there alone.

  并列句

  Hurry up,or we’ll be late.

  Either you are mad or I am.

  I went home and he stayed in the classroom.

  复合句

  What you said is right.

  That’s what they should do.

  Do you know the man who spoke just now?

  As soon as I saw him, I said “hello” to him.

  ※ 本组的五位老师分别上研究课。

  1) 黄仕敏老师上的是第20单元-幽默。他印发了一张讲义,上面有几则幽默故事。他让同学们读其中一则,然后上台表演,同学们热情很高,表演得很精彩。这则幽默是这样的:

  Do You Know How to Swim?

  Once a learned man was crossing a river. Wishing to enjoy himself, he began to talk to a boatman.

  “Do you know mathematics?” he asked.

  “No, sir,” replied the boatman.

  “Then you have lost one quarter of your life,” said the learned man.

  “Do you know history?”

  “No, sir,” answered the boatman.

  “Then you have lost half of your life,” said the scholar.

  “Do you know philosophy(哲学)?” he asked.

  “I don’t know that, either.” Said the boatman.

  “Then you have lost three quarters of your life.”

  Just then a sudden wind turned the boat upside down.

  “Do you know how to swim?” asked the boatman.

  “No, no,” replied the man of great learning.

  “Well then,” replied the boatman, “You have lost your whole life.”

  那么中学生应该如何提高写作能力呢,大体可以从以下几个方面着手:

  一、词汇积累

  词汇是一篇文章最基本的组成要素。头脑中如果没有一定数量的、且处于鲜活状态的词汇,就无法写出好文章。要写出好的文章,就必须善于从众多的词语中选择和运用最恰当的词语。因此,加强词汇教学、扩大和丰富学生的词汇量是提高学生写作能力的基础工作。克拉申的“语言输入假说模式”认为:正确和恰当的语言输入将会使语言学习的效果更佳。最佳语言输入的两个必要条件:1)密切相关的,2)大量的。因此,将密切相关的常用词汇、习惯搭配适当集中教学,反复归纳、不断循环和强化是较好的词汇输入方法,同时也保证了常用词汇在头脑中的鲜活状态,为写作输出提供可靠保障。

  二、广泛阅读

  阅读是人们学习语言一种十分重要的手段,也可以是说是语言学习的目的之一。在大量的阅读过程中,学生能够开拓视野,拓展知识,增加语感,积攒必要的语言材料。写作和阅读是互相促进、相辅相成的。二者决不能割裂。很多时候,学生看到词汇和句型,只是似曾相识,却不能准确把握其含义,而通过广泛的阅读能促使学生把这些东西运用得更熟练,表达得更准确。同时这也会有效地提高学生的阅读理解能力。

  三、加强基础写作训练,做到活学活用

  在学生写作过程中,我们常常会发现许多学生的词汇量与运用能力不成正比的现象,写作中经常出现词汇贫乏和用词不当等问题。这种问题的出现实际上是学生获得的知识没有有效的活化。学生们一定要经常以所学词汇为关键词拟定一些与时事或生活相关的话题,做翻译练习,一段时间之后,再用这些词、句进行写作,多写多练以达到活化知识的目的。

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