设备管理都有哪些分类及内容?
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-23 17:29
共2个回答
热心网友
时间：2023-10-11 01:27
企业设备管理的基本任务是:通过经济、技术、组织措施，逐步做到对企业主要生产设备的设计、制造、购置、安装、使用、维修、改造，直至报废、更新全过程进行管理，以获得设备寿命周期费用最经济、设备综合产能最高的理想目标。
设备管理的分类：
设备管理分为自有设备管理和租赁设备管理。自有设备按照设备折旧、使用台班进行自有机械费的核算；租赁的机械费按照租赁时间和单价核算机械租赁费；自有机械使用费、机械租赁费共同构成工程项目的机械费，进行成本核算。
1、自有设备管理
系统根据设备使用计划进行设备的调配，提高设备使用效率，合理调配设备资源，保证工程顺利施工，主要处理现场设备的日常管理及机械费的核算业务。主要包括：使用计划、采购管理、库存管理、设备台帐管理、设备使用、设备日常管理、机械费核算等。
2、设备租赁管理
根据工程预算和整体进度计划，结合自有设备情况制订设备租赁计划，合理调配资源，提高设备利用率，确保工程顺利施工。根据租赁数量、租出时间、退租时间、租赁单价核算租赁费，根据租赁费、赔偿费结合工程项目进行机械料费的核算。主要包括：租赁计划、租赁合同管理、设备进场、机械出场、租赁费用结算等费用结算支付。
设备管理的内容：
1、设备的选择评价
这是指企业须根据技术先进、经济合理的原则和生产的需要，正确地选择设备。同时要进行技术经济论证和评价，以选择最佳方案。
2、设备使用
设备使用管理是指针对设备的特点，正确合理地使用设备、安排生产任务。这样，企业可以减轻设备的亏损、延长使用寿命，防止设备和人身事故的发生，减少和避免设备闲置等。
3、设备的检查、保养和修理
这是设备管理方面的中心环节，也是工作量最大的部分。企业要合理制订设备的检查、维护保养和修理等方面的计划，并采用先进的检修技术进行定期检修与保养。
4、设备改造与更新
企业需根据生产经营的规模、产品的品种与质量，以及发展新产品、改造老产品的需要，有计划、有重点地对现有设备进行改造与更新。
5、设备的日常管理
（1）主要包括设备的分类、登记、编号、封存、报废、事故处理和技术资料管理等。
（2）设备的封存和迁移。企业对闲置不用或停用三个月以上的设备，应由车间提出计划，经生产部门和设备管理部门审核，报企业领导批准后进行封存。封存的设备应采取防尘、防潮、防锈等措施，并要定期维护和检查。当企业生产工艺改变需要迁移设备时，必须由生产工艺部门提出方案，经设备管理部门审查，企业领导批准后，办理迁移手续后方可迁移。
（3）设备的调拨和报废。对本企业已不适用，长期闲置不用或利用率极低的设备应予调出。企业调出的设备，需报有关部门批准，并做好账务处理后方可调出。调出的形式有出租和有偿转让两种。
由于超过使用年限而结构陈旧、精度低劣、生产效率低、能源消耗高，或由于事故造成损坏而在经济上、技术上都不值得修复改装的设备，都可报废。企业要报废的设备，通常由使用部门提出申请，设备管理部门组织有关部门进行技术鉴定，并报请上级主管部门批准后方可报废。
（4）设备的事故处理。由于非正常损坏而导致设备效能降低或不能使用即为设备事故。企业应采取积极有效措施，预防各种事故的发生。当设备发生事故后，应积极组织抢修，分析原因并进行严肃处理，从中吸取经验教训并采取有效措施，防止类似事故的发生。凡是人为原因所引起的设备事故，应视情节轻重给予处分。对重大设备事故及处理情况要及时向上级主管部门报告。
（5）设备技术资料的管理。建立设备档案、积累设备技术资料及加强设备资料的管理是做好设备管理的重要环节。设备档案一般包括设备出厂检验单、设备进厂验收单、设备安装工程记录单、设备修理卡片、定期检查记录、设备的全套图纸、说明及检修工艺文件等。设备档案是保证设备正确使用、对设备进行检查和维护修理的重要依据。通过对设备技术资料的分析，可以掌握设备的技术状况和零部件磨损的程度，从而制订出切合实际的检查修理计划，预防设备事故的发生。
（6）设备管理的评价指标
设备运动过程既然存在物质和价值两种运动形态，就要求从技术和经济两个方面加强对设备的管理，以求得设备的技术状态最佳和设备的维修费用最经济。
热心网友
时间：2023-10-11 01:27
The International Facility Management Association (IFMA) defines facility management as “a profession that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, process and technology.” From this definition, we understand facility management to be the coordination of a facility’s operations meant to make the organization as a whole more effective at what it does.
Put another way, think of your facility – the building itself and everything inside, both people and objects – as its own living being. Facilities management is responsible for making sure everything works harmoniously together, and the facility manager is responsible for keeping the facility alive.
The term ‘facility’ refers to any range of establishments that serve a greater purpose such as providing goods and services. In the most traditional sense, this refers to factories and offices, but the term facilities also includes schools, jails, sports complexes, hospitals, hotels and retail establishments.
Each of these facilities is a complex organization of people, teams, departments, spaces, equipment, technology and more. Facilities management is the coordination of everything within the facility so operations run smoothly. Considering the large scope, facility management can be quite a daunting task. However, facility management software simplifies an otherwise very complex process. Facility managers use facility management software to identify and schele tasks, keep records, make facilities decisions and more.
The Scope of Facility Management
In a general sense, facilities management can be viewed as the management of anything within the facility operations, but we can use insight from the International Facility Management Association to narrow this down. In 2009, the IFMA identified eleven core competencies of facility management that include the following
Communication
Emergency Preparedness and Business Continuity
Environmental Stewardship and Sustainability
Finance and Business
Human Factors
Leadership and Strategy
Operations and Maintenance
Project Management
Quality
Real Estate and Property Management
Technology
What Does a Facility Manager Do?
Going beyond the scope of building maintenance management, you may wonder what a facilities manager does in practice. Here are a few important responsibilities of a facility manager.
Effectively allocate space and oversee facility layout.
Ensure compliance with government regulations which may include anything from access for people with disabilities, to dealing with hazardous materials, to maintaining safe working conditions.
Develop a business continuity plan so that a business can recover quickly if there is a fire or other failure.
Many of these tasks are coordinated through the use of facility management software. For example, facility management software can help keep track of spaces and assets and keep records for reporting needs as well as ensure the facility is up to the latest BOMA standards. It is often a thankless job, however, because when everything is running smoothly as it should, no one realizes everything that is happening behind the scenes.
The Goals of Facility Management
The facilities manager has a range of ties with several organizational goals in mind. These include:
Making sure operations run efficiently
Ensuring the safety of workers
Meeting building codes and government regulations
Saving money
Boosting proctivity
Creating an environment that is pleasing to clients and customers
